ASTM C1295-14
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Gamma Energy Emission from Fission and Decay Products in Uranium Hexafluoride and Uranyl Nitrate Solution
Standard Test Method for Gamma Energy Emission from Fission and Decay Products in Uranium Hexafluoride and Uranyl Nitrate Solution
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Specific gamma-ray emitting radionuclides in UF6 are identified and quantified using a high-resolution gamma-ray energy analysis system, which includes a high-resolution germanium detector. This test method shall be used to meet the health and safety specifications of C787, C788, and C996 regarding applicable fission products in reprocessed uranium solutions. This test method may also be used to provide information to parties such as conversion facilities on the level of uranium decay products in such materials. Pa-231 is a specific uranium decay product that may be present in uranium ore concentrate and is amenable to analysis by gamma spectrometry.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of gamma energy emitted from fission and decay products in uranium hexafluoride (UF6) and uranyl nitrate solution. It is intended to provide a method for demonstrating compliance with UF6 specifications C787 and C996, uranyl nitrate specification C788, and uranium ore concentrate specification C967.
1.2 The lower limit of detection is 5000 MeV Bq/kg (MeV/kg per second) of uranium and is the square root of the sum of the squares of the individual reporting limits of the nuclides to be measured. The limit of detection was determined on a pure, aged natural uranium (ANU) solution. The value is dependent upon detector efficiency and background.
1.3 The fission product nuclides to be measured are 106Ru/ 106Rh, 103Ru, 137Cs, 144Ce, 144Pr, 141Ce, 95Zr, 95Nb, and 125Sb. Among the uranium decay product nuclides that may be measured is 231Pa. Other gamma energy-emitting fission and uranium decay nuclides present in the spectrum at detectable levels should be identified and quantified as required by the data quality objectives.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:C1295 −14
StandardTest Method for
Gamma Energy Emission from Fission and Decay Products
1
in Uranium Hexafluoride and Uranyl Nitrate Solution
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1295; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C761Test Methods for Chemical, Mass Spectrometric,
Spectrochemical, Nuclear, and RadiochemicalAnalysis of
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of gamma
Uranium Hexafluoride
energy emitted from fission and decay products in uranium
C787Specification for Uranium Hexafluoride for Enrich-
hexafluoride (UF ) and uranyl nitrate solution. It is intended to
6
ment
provide a method for demonstrating compliance with UF
6
C788Specification for Nuclear-Grade Uranyl Nitrate Solu-
specifications C787 and C996, uranyl nitrate specification
tion or Crystals
C788, and uranium ore concentrate specification C967.
C967Specification for Uranium Ore Concentrate
1.2 The lower limit of detection is 5000 MeV Bq/kg
C996Specification for Uranium Hexafluoride Enriched to
235
(MeV/kg per second) of uranium and is the square root of the
Less Than 5 % U
sum of the squares of the individual reporting limits of the
C1022Test Methods for Chemical and Atomic Absorption
nuclidestobemeasured.Thelimitofdetectionwasdetermined
Analysis of Uranium-Ore Concentrate
on a pure, aged natural uranium (ANU) solution. The value is
D3649PracticeforHigh-ResolutionGamma-RaySpectrom-
dependent upon detector efficiency and background.
etry of Water
106
1.3 The fission product nuclides to be measured are Ru/
106 103 137 144 144 141 95 95 125 3. Summary of Test Method
Rh, Ru, Cs, Ce, Pr, Ce, Zr, Nb, and Sb.
3.1 A solution of the uranium sample is counted on a
Among the uranium decay product nuclides that may be
231
high-resolutiongamma-rayspectrometrysystem.Theresulting
measured is Pa. Other gamma energy-emitting fission and
spectrum is analyzed to determine the identity and activity of
uranium decay nuclides present in the spectrum at detectable
the gamma-ray-emitting radioactive fission and decay prod-
levels should be identified and quantified as required by the
ucts. The number of counts recorded from one or more of the
data quality objectives.
peaks identified with each fission nuclide is converted to
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
disintegrationsofthatnuclidepersecond(Bq).Thegamma-ray
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
energy for a fission nuclide is calculated by multiplying the
standard.
number of disintegrations per second of the nuclide by the
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
mean gamma-ray energy emission rate of the nuclide. The
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
calculated gamma-ray energy emission rates for all observed
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
fission nuclides are summed, then divided by the mass of the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
uranium in the sample to calculate the overall rate of gamma
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
energy production in units of million electron volts per second
231
perkilogramofuranium.Decayproductnuclidessuchas Pa
2. Referenced Documents
will be separately quantified and reported based on specific
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
needs.
4. Significance and Use
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeC26onNuclear
4.1 Specific gamma-ray emitting radionuclides in UF are
6
Fuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.05 on Methods of
identified and quantified using a high-resolution gamma-ray
Test.
energy analysis system, which includes a high-resolution
Current edition approved June 15, 2014. Published July 2014. Originally
germaniumdetector.Thistestmethodshallbeusedtomeetthe
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C1295–13. DOI:
10.1520/C1295-14.
health and safety specifications of C787, C788, and C996
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
regarding applicable fission products in reprocessed uranium
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
solutions. This test method may also be used to provide
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. information to parties such as conversion facilities on the level
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1295−14
of uranium decay products in such materials. Pa-
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1295 − 13 C1295 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Gamma Energy Emission from Fission and Decay Products
1
in Uranium Hexafluoride and Uranyl Nitrate Solution
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1295; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of gamma energy emitted from fission and decay products in uranium hexafluoride
(UF ) and uranyl nitrate solution. It is intended to provide a method for demonstrating compliance with UF specifications C787
6 6
and C996 and , uranyl nitrate specification C788, and uranium ore concentrate specification C967.
1.2 The lower limit of detection is 5000 MeV Bq/kg (MeV/kg per second) of uranium and is the square root of the sum of the
squares of the individual reporting limits of the nuclides to be measured. The limit of detection was determined on a pure, aged
natural uranium (ANU) solution. The value is dependent upon detector efficiency and background.
106 106 103
1.3 The fission product nuclides to be measured are are Ru/ Rh, Ru,
137 144 144 141 95 95 125 231
Cs, Ce, Pr, Ce, Zr, Nb, and Sb. Among the uranium decay product nuclides that may be measured is Pa. Other
gamma energy-emitting fission and uranium decay nuclides present in the spectrum at detectable levels should be identified and
quantified as required by the data quality objectives.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C761 Test Methods for Chemical, Mass Spectrometric, Spectrochemical, Nuclear, and Radiochemical Analysis of Uranium
Hexafluoride
C787 Specification for Uranium Hexafluoride for Enrichment
C788 Specification for Nuclear-Grade Uranyl Nitrate Solution or Crystals
C967 Specification for Uranium Ore Concentrate
235
C996 Specification for Uranium Hexafluoride Enriched to Less Than 5 % U
C1022 Test Methods for Chemical and Atomic Absorption Analysis of Uranium-Ore Concentrate
D3649 Practice for High-Resolution Gamma-Ray Spectrometry of Water
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 A solution of the uranium sample is counted on a high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry system. The resulting spectrum
is analyzed to determine the identity and activity of the gamma-ray-emitting radioactive fission and decay products. The number
of counts recorded from one or more of the peaks identified with each fission nuclide is converted to disintegrations of that nuclide
per second (Bq). The gamma-ray energy for a fission nuclide is calculated by multiplying the number of disintegrations per second
of the nuclide by the mean gamma-ray energy emission rate of the nuclide. The calculated gamma-ray energy emission rates for
all observed fission nuclides are summed, then divided by the mass of the uranium in the sample to calculate the overall rate of
gamma energy production in units of million electron volts per second per kilogram of uranium. Decay product nuclides such as
231
Pa will be separately quantified and reported based on specific needs.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C26 on Nuclear Fuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.05 on Methods of Test.
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2013June 15, 2014. Published March 2013July 2014. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20052013 as
C1295 – 05.C1295 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/C1295-13.10.1520/C1295-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1295 − 14
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Specific gamma-ray emitting radionuclides in UF are identified and quantified using a high-resolution ga
...
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