ASTM D6599-00(2014)e1
(Practice)Standard Practice for Construction of Live Fascines on Slopes
Standard Practice for Construction of Live Fascines on Slopes
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Live fascines are used to provide erosion and sedimentation control by increasing infiltration, slowing or redirecting runoff, and trapping seed and sediments. The method provides shallow mechanical surface slope stabilization, and provides enhanced values through vegetative growth and additional shallow soil reinforcement through the development of the roots. The ability of live fascines to function properly depends on the quality and choice of the materials used to construct the live fascine, the means and methods of fabrication and installation, and proper consideration of site characteristics and time of year. For the live fascine to function completely, it is important that the live fascine develops suitable growth.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the material, fabrication and installation work to construct live fascines.
1.2 The values in this standard are in SI units and are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgement. Not all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without considerations of a project's many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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´1
Designation: D6599 − 00 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Practice for
Construction of Live Fascines on Slopes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6599; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Added editorial changes throughout in September 2014.
1. Scope* 2.1.2 rolled erosion control product, n— a material manu-
factured into rolls designed to reduce erosion and assist in the
1.1 This practice covers the material, fabrication and instal-
germination, establishment and/or anchorage of vegetation.
lation work to construct live fascines.
2.1.3 dead stout stake, n—in erosion control, a wood stake
1.2 The values in this standard are in SI units and are to be
approximately 0.75 to 1 m (2.5 to 3 ft) in length. Construct
regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in
dead stout stakes from 50 × 100 mm (2 × 4 in.) dimensional
parentheses are for information only.
lumber cut diagonally along the 100-mm (4-in.) face.
1.3 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing
2.1.4 live stake, n—in erosion control, a woody stem or
one or more specific operations.This document cannot replace
branch of vegetatively self-propagating woody plant species.
educationorexperienceandshouldbeusedinconjunctionwith
Live stakes are approximately 25 to 40 mm (0.5 to 1.5 in.) in
professional judgement. Not all aspects of this practice may be
applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not diameter and 0.60 to 0.75 m (2 to 2.5 ft) in length with the
intended to represent or replace standard of care by which the
terminal end sharpened to a point or a steep angular cut. Use
adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor
live stakes as additional anchors and propagating material on
should this document be applied without considerations of a
the downslope side of live fascine bundles.
project’smanyuniqueaspects.Theword“Standard”inthetitle
of this document means only that the document has been
3. Summary of Practice
approved through the ASTM consensus process.
3.1 A live fascine is comprised of live cut plant stems and
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials,
branches, typically of woody plant species (for example,
operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
willow, dogwood, poplar, etc.) that are formed into linear
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its
bundles. These bundles are installed in shallow trenches,
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
secured in the trench with wood stakes, then backfilled with
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
enoughsoiltoleaveasmallportionontopofthebranchbundle
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
exposed. Live fascines assist to control erosion, encourage
vegetative top growth establishment and rooting for shallow
2. Terminology
soil stabilization.
2.1 Definitions:
2.1.1 live fascine, n—in erosion control, a linear bundle of
4. Significance and Use
live cut branches of woody plant material that propagates
4.1 Live fascines are used to provide erosion and sedimen-
easily from cuttings. The bundle is anchored in a shallow
tation control by increasing infiltration, slowing or redirecting
trench and partially covered with soil.
runoff, and trapping seed and sediments. The method provides
2.1.1.1 Discussion—Typically woody plant species (for
shallow mechanical surface slope stabilization, and provides
example,willow,dogwood,poplar,etc.)aresourcesforthelive
cut branches. enhanced values through vegetative growth and additional
shallow soil reinforcement through the development of the
roots. The ability of live fascines to function properly depends
on the quality and choice of the materials used to construct the
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.25 on Erosion and live fascine, the means and methods of fabrication and
Sediment Control Technology.
installation,andproperconsiderationofsitecharacteristicsand
Current edition approved Aug. 15, 2014. Published September 2014. Originally
time of year. For the live fascine to function completely, it is
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D6599–00(2008).
DOI: 10.1520/D6599-00R14. important that the live fascine develops suitable growth.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
D6599 − 00 (2014)
5. Materials along the sides of the trench and mixed into the soil, before
placing the live fascines.
5.1 Live Woody Plant Materialarewoodystemsandbranch
cuttings of vegetatively self-propagating woody plant species.
6.2 Harvest live woody plant material using a sharp, clean
5.1.1 When constructing a live fascine, use only fresh or
brush-cutting implement. The cuttings may be temporarily
well-preserved viable cuttings. Do not use dead plant material
stored outdoors in water or in a moist environment for a
in live fascines.The stems or branches should be long, straight
maximum of 2 days when the outdoor temperature remains
and flexible to allow easy assembly into bundles. Typically,
below 10°C (50°F), or refrigerated storage at 1 to 3°C (33 to
plants are harvested near the project site within the same
39°F)canbeusedforuptotwo(2)months,providedhumidity
climatic zone. Cut the plant material in lengths ranging from 2
levels are maintained above 90%.
to4m(6to13ft).Greaterlengthsmaybeusedifhandlingand
6.3 Assemble the live fascine into bundles approximately
site conditions allow. The caliper (diameter) of cuttings gen-
150 to 200 mm (6 to 8 in.) in diameter. Stagger cuttings to
eral
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D6599 − 00 (Reapproved 2014) D6599 − 00 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Practice for
Construction of Live Fascines on Slopes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6599; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Added editorial changes throughout in September 2014.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This practice covers the material, fabrication and installation work to construct live fascines.
1.2 The values in this standard are in SI units and are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses
are for information only.
1.3 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace
education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgement. Not all aspects of this practice may be
applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace standard of care by which the adequacy
of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without considerations of a project’s many
unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the
ASTM consensus process.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all
of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate
safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Terminology
2.1 Definitions:
2.1.1 live fascine, n—in erosion control, a linear bundle of live cut branches of woody plant material that propagates easily from
cuttings. The bundle is anchored in a shallow trench and partially covered with soil.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.25 on Erosion and Sediment
Control Technology.
Current edition approved Aug. 15, 2014. Published September 2014. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D6599 – 00(2008). DOI:
10.1520/D6599-00R14.
2.1.1.1 Discussion—
Typically woody plant species (for example, willow, dogwood, poplar, etc.) are sources for the live cut branches.
2.1.2 rolled erosion control product, n— a material manufactured into rolls designed to reduce erosion and assist in the
germination, establishment and/or anchorage of vegetation.
2.1.3 dead stout stake, n—in erosion control, a wood stake approximately .750.75 to 1 m (2.5 to 3 ft) in length. Construct dead
stout stakes from 3.8 × 8.9 cm (2" × 4") 50 × 100 mm (2 × 4 in.) dimensional lumber cut diagonally along the 8.9 cm100-mm
(4-in.) face.
2.1.4 live stake, n—in erosion control, a woody stem or branch of vegetatively self-propagating woody plant species. Live stakes
are approximately 2.5 to 4 cm (.5" to 1.5") 25 to 40 mm (0.5 to 1.5 in.) in diameter and 60 to 75 cm (24"–30") 0.60 to 0.75 m
(2 to 2.5 ft) in length with the terminal end sharpened to a point or a steep angular cut. Use live stakes as additional anchors and
propagating material on the downslope side of live fascine bundles.
3. Summary of Practice
3.1 A live fascine is comprised of live cut plant stems and branches, typically of woody plant species (for example, willow,
dogwood, poplar, etc.) that are formed into linear bundles. These bundles are installed in shallow trenches, secured in the trench
with wood stakes, then backfilled with enough soil to leave a small portion on top of the branch bundle exposed. Live fascines
assist to control erosion, encourage vegetative top growth establishment and rooting for shallow soil stabilization.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
D6599 − 00 (2014)
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Live fascines are used to provide erosion and sedimentation control by increasing infiltration, slowing or redirecting runoff,
and trapping seed and sediments. The method provides shallow mechanical surface slope stabilization, and provides enhanced
values through vegetative growth and additional shallow soil reinforcement through the development of the roots. The ability of
live fascines to function properly depends on the quality and choice of the materials used to construct the live fascine, the means
and methods of fabrication and installation, and proper consideration of site characteristics and time of year. For the live fascine
to function completely, it is important that the live fascine develops suitable growth.
5. Materials
5.1 Live Woody Plant Material are woody stems and branch cuttings of vegetatively self-propagating woody plant species.
When constructing a live fascine, use only fresh or well-preserved viable cuttings. Do not use dead plant material in live fascines.
The stems or branches should be long, straight and flexible to allow easy assembly into bundles. Typically, plants are harvested
near the project site within the same climatic zone. Cut the plant material in lengths ranging from 2 to 4 m (6' to 13'). Greater
lengths may be used if handling and site conditions allow. The caliper (diameter) of cuttings generally range from 1.2 to 2.5 cm
(.5" to 1"). The greatest success results from cutting and installing vegetation during the dormant season.
5.1.1 When constructing a live fascine, use only fresh or well-preserved viable cuttings. Do not use dead plant material in live
fascines. The stems or branches should be long, straight and flexible to allow easy assembly into bundles. Typically, plants are
harvested near the project site within the same climatic zone. Cut the plant material in lengths ranging from 2 to 4 m (6 to 13 ft).
Greater lengths may be used if handling and site conditions allow. The caliper (diameter) of cuttings generally range from 12 to
25 mm (0.5 to 1 in.). The greatest success results from cutting and installing vegetation during the dormant season. See Figs. 1-3.
5.2 Brush Cutting Implements—Cut live vegetation with tools such as pruning shears, loppers, clearing saws, chainsaws, or
similar. Do not use axes or blunt implements.
5.3 Ties—Se
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