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ASTM F449-02

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Subsurface Installation of Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe for Agricultural Drainage or Water Table Control

Standard Practice for Subsurface Installation of Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe for Agricultural Drainage or Water Table Control

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is recommended for and limited to gravity flow subsurface drainage systems or water table control, but not recommended for sanitary or storm sewer applications. Procedures are outlined to minimize pipe deflection or structural damage during and after the installation process. These installation procedures are in accordance with "flexible conduit" principles.
1.2 This practice applies to all agricultural subsurface drainage or water table control installations using Specification F 405, F 667 or other plastic pipe.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Sep-2002
ICS
23.040.20 - Plastics pipes
Technical Committee
F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
Drafting Committee
F17.65 - Land Drainage
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM F449-02e1 - Standard Practice for Subsurface Installation of Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe for Agricultural Drainage or Water Table Control
Effective Date
10-Sep-2002

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ASTM F449-02 - Standard Practice for Subsurface Installation of Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe for Agricultural Drainage or Water Table ControlASTM F449-02 - Standard Practice for Subsurface Installation of Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe for Agricultural Drainage or Water Table Control
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ASTM F449-02 - Standard Practice for Subsurface Installation of Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe for Agricultural Drainage or Water Table Control
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation:F 449–02
Standard Practice for
Subsurface Installation of Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe for
1
Agricultural Drainage or Water Table Control
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 449; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ε) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.3 bedding—material which provides stable bottom sup-
port for the pipe including the trench bottom groove support
1.1 This practice is recommended for and limited to gravity
angle or select material placed around the pipe, and envelope
flow subsurface drainage systems or water table control, but
or filter materials where used during installation.
not recommended for sanitary or storm sewer applications.
3.4 blinding—the placement of soil, bedding material over
Procedures are outlined to minimize pipe deflection or struc-
and on the sides of the pipe or envelope to ensure proper grade,
tural damage during and after the installation process. These
alignment, support, and protection of pipe during backfilling
installation procedures are in accordance with “flexible con-
and after installation.
duit” principles.
3.5 boot (also shield)— the protecting apparatus linked to
1.2 This practice applies to all agricultural subsurface drain-
the rear of the installation machine in a manner which allows
age or water table control installations using Specification F
placement of the pipe on the trench bottom, protection of the
405, F 667 or other plastic pipe.
workman, or placement of envelope or filter material, or both.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.6 cradle—a prefabricated rigid structure designed to pro-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
vide trench bottom support for the pipe when soil support is
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
inadequate.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.7 envelope—porous material placed around the pipe to
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
provide bedding, improve the flow of ground water into the
2. Referenced Documents
drain, or function as a filter.
2.1 ASTM Standards: 3.8 filter—an envelope of natural or synthetic materials
placed completely around a drain to permit free water move-
D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
2
ment into the drain, provide stabilizing support at the soil-filter
Plastics
D 2412 Test Method for Determination of External Loading interface, and restrict movement of silt and sand into the drain.
3
3.9 grade—the slope of the pipe invert.
Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading
F 405 Specification for Corrugated Polyethylene (PE) Pipe 3.10 groove support angle— angle between the radii of the
3
pipe at points of contact with the formed groove of undisturbed
and Fittings
3
F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems soil or a cradle.
3.11 mineral soils—soil containing (1) less than 30 %
F 667 Specification for Large Diameter Corrugated Poly-
3
ethylene Pipe and Fittings organic matter by weight provided the mineral fraction is 60 %
or more clay, or (2) less than 20 % organic matter by weight
3. Terminology
provided the mineral fraction has no clay, or (3) less than a
3.1 Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F 412
proportional content of organic matter between 20 and 30 % if
and abbreviations are in accordance withTerminology D 1600,
the clay content of the mineral fraction is between 0 and 60 %.
unless otherwise specified.
3.12 natural granular envelope—an envelope of granular
3.2 backfill—materials used to fill the trench following
material, usually highly permeable well-graded sand and
installation of the pipe and bedding.
gravel.
3.13 organic soil—soil containing (1) 30 % or more organic
matter provided the mineral fraction is 60 % or more clay, or (
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic
2) 20 % or more organic matter provided the mineral fraction
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.65 on Land
Drainage.
has no clay, or (3) a proportional content of organic matter
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2002. Published November 2002. Originally
between 20 and 30 % if the clay content of mineral fraction is
published as F 449 – 76. Last previous edition F 449 – 97.
2 between 0 and 60 %. (It is a general rule that a soil is classed
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
3
as an organic soil (histosol) either if more than one half of
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West C
...

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5.1 The data obtained by this test method are useful for establishing stress versus failure time relationships in a controlled environment from which the hydrostatic design basis for plastic pipe materials can be computed. (Refer to Test Method D2837 and Practice D2992.)  
5.2 In order to determine how plastics will perform as pipe, it is necessary to establish the stress-failure time relationships for pipe over 2 or more logarithmic decades of time (hours) in a controlled environment. Because of the nature of the test and specimens employed, no single line can adequately represent the data, and therefore the confidence limits should be established.  
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5.3 The factors that affect creep and long-term strength behavior of plastic pipe are not completely known at this time. This procedure takes into account those factors that are known to have important influences and provides a tool for investigating others.  
5.4 Creep, or nonrecoverable deformation for pipe made of some plastics, is as important as actual leakage in deciding whether or not a pipe has failed. Specimens that exhibit localized ballooning, however, may lead to erroneous interpretation of the creep results unless a method of determining creep is established that precludes such a possibility. Circumferential measurements at two or three selected positions on a specimen may not be adequate.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time-to-failure of both thermoplastic and reinforced thermosetting/resin pipe under constant internal pressure.  
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5.1 Many important properties of crosslinked ethylene plastics vary with the gel content. Hence, determination of the gel content provides a basis for controlling production processes and a means of establishing the quality of finished products.  
5.2 Extraction tests permit verification of the proper gel content of any given crosslinked ethylene plastic and they also permit comparison between different crosslinked ethylene plastics, including those containing fillers, provided that, for the latter, the following conditions are met:  
5.2.1 The filler is not soluble in the solvent used in this method at the extraction temperature.  
5.2.2 The amount of filler present in the compound either is known or can be determined.  
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1.3 While extraction tests may be made on articles of any shape, this test method is applicable for determining the gel content of crosslinked polyethylene pipes and tubing.  
1.4 This test method makes use of xylenes or alternative solvents. Alternative solvents either have lower toxicity than xylenes or allow decreased extraction times. The alternative solvents are also potentially beneficial from an economic and environmental viewpoint. Xylenes are used for referee tests.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound units in brackets are for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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