ASTM A34/A34M-06(2018)

Standard Practice for Sampling and Procurement Testing of Magnetic Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice defines test lots and describes the selection and preparation of test specimens used in the determination of magnetic properties of various materials.  
4.2 A method of calculating the density of iron-base electrical steels is given and a table of assumed densities for magnetic testing of commercial soft magnetic alloys is provided.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers sampling procedures and test practices for determination of various magnetic properties of both soft and hard magnetic materials.  
1.2 This practice may be used either in conjunction with, or independent of, the standard test methods and materials specifications under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06. In the former situation, the sampling and testing procedures listed herein shall not supersede those found in the individual test methods and materials specifications. In the latter situation, the sampling and testing procedures listed herein shall strictly apply.  
1.3 The values and equations stated in customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within this standard, SI units are shown in brackets except for the sections concerning calculations where there are separate sections for the respective unit systems. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2018
• ICS: 29.030 - Magnetic materials
• Technical Committee: A06 - Magnetic Properties
• Drafting Committee: A06.01 - Test Methods

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A34/A34M − 06 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Practice for
Sampling and Procurement Testing of Magnetic Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A34/A34M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This practice covers sampling procedures and test prac- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
tices for determination of various magnetic properties of both A340 Terminology of Symbols and Definitions Relating to
soft and hard magnetic materials. Magnetic Testing
1.2 This practice may be used either in conjunction with, or
3. Terminology
independent of, the standard test methods and materials speci-
3.1 Definitions:
fications under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06. In
3.1.1 For definitions of terms relating to magnetic testing,
the former situation, the sampling and testing procedures listed
reference shall be made to Terminology A340.
herein shall not supersede those found in the individual test
methods and materials specifications. In the latter situation, the
4. Significance and Use
sampling and testing procedures listed herein shall strictly
4.1 This practice defines test lots and describes the selection
apply.
and preparation of test specimens used in the determination of
1.3 The values and equations stated in customary (cgs-emu
magnetic properties of various materials.
and inch-pound) or SI units are to be regarded separately as
4.2 A method of calculating the density of iron-base elec-
standard. Within this standard, SI units are shown in brackets
trical steels is given and a table of assumed densities for
except for the sections concerning calculations where there are
magnetic testing of commercial soft magnetic alloys is pro-
separate sections for the respective unit systems. The values
vided.
stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore,
each system shall be used independently of the other. Combin-
5. Test Lots
ing values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
5.1 Wrought, Flat-Rolled, or Long Products:
with this standard.
5.1.1 Atest lot of wrought, flat-rolled, or long products shall
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
consist of not more than 50 000 lb [23 000 kg] of material.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.1.2 A test lot may be composed of coils or cut lengths. A
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
test lot of coil product may consist of one or more coils having
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
essentially the same treatment and composition.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- 5.2 Amorphous Strip and Wire:
5.2.1 A test lot shall consist of a continuously cast strip or
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the wire in one coil without breaks. In practice this may represent
quantities up to 2200 lb [1000 kg].
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5.3 Powder Metallurgically Produced Parts:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.3.1 A test lot shall consist of parts of the same geometry
and dimensions, made from powder of the same composition,
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06 on Magnetic
Properties and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A06.01 on Test
Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2018. Published June 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1911. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as A34/A34M – 06 Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
(2012). DOI: 10.1520/A0034_A0034M-06R18. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A34/A34M − 06 (2018)
molded and sintered under the same conditions, which have 6.5.1 Sampling shall consist of one sample per test lot
been submitted for inspection at one time. unless otherwise specified in the appropriate ASTM specifica-
tion or by mutual agreement between the producer and
5.4 Cast Parts:
purchaser.
5.4.1 A test lot shall consist of parts of the same geometry
and dimensions, made from the same casting heat, which have 6.6 Cast Parts:
6.6.1 Sampling shall consist of one sample per test lot
been submitted for inspection at one time.
unless otherwise specified in the appropriate ASTM specifica-
tion or by mutual agreement between the producer and
6. Sampling
purchaser.
6.1 Electrical Steel Coils:
6.1.1 From test lots in coil form, consisting of only one
7. Test Specimens
master coil, prepare the test strips from test sheets cut from one
7.1 The test specimens used for the determination of prop-
or both ends of the coil.
erties of magnetic materials will vary in form, depending upon
6.1.2 When a test lot in coil form consists of several coils
the test equipment and the dimensions of the material to be
sheared or slit from a master coil, the test strips shall be
tested. Prepare the test specimens in a manner to adequately
prepared from test sheets representing one or both ends of the
represent the areas being sampled. Standard forms include flat
master coil.
strips, rings, bars, and links in accordance with the following
6.1.3 When a test lot in coil form consists of several coils
practices.
having essentially the same treatment and composition, test
7.1.1 Flat Strips:
strips shall be prepared from test sheets cut from one or both
7.1.1.1 Except when otherwise established by mutual agree-
ends of enough master coils to be representative of the lot.
ment between the producer and the purchaser, the Epstein test
6.2 Electrical Steel Cut Lengths: specimen shall be the standard specimen for determination of
6.2.1 When cut lengths are sheared from coil material
the magnetic properties of flat-rolled electrical steels.
without subsequent treatments (such as roller leveling or cold 7.1.1.2 Standard Epstein test specimens shall be composed
rolling), the test on the original coil shall suffice.
of test strips preferably cut from test sheets in a manner shown
6.2.2 Two or more test sheets shall be taken from the same in Fig. 1 (a) or (b). One half of the strips are cut parallel to and
lotofcutlengthsteelthathasbeencoldrolledorleveled.These
the other half cut perpendicular to the direction of rolling.
test sheets shall not lie adjacent to each other, but shall be 7.1.1.3 If the width of the material does not permit cutting
selected in a manner to assure representative sampling.
of strips perpendicular to the rolling direction, or, if the
material has preferred properties in any one direction with
6.3 Wrought Products Other Than Electrical Steels:
respect to the direction of rolling, or, if the material is to be
6.3.1 Sampling shall be one sample per each heat applied to
used with the flux in any one direction, all of the strips may be
the order unless otherwise specified in the appropriate ASTM
cut in a specified direction which shall be agreed upon by the
specification or by mutual agreement between the producer and
producer and the purchaser. All lengthwise strips may be
purchaser.
selected as shown in Fig. 1 (c).
6.4 Amorphous Strip and Wire:
7.1.1.4 When fewer than the total number of strips obtained
6.4.1 Sampling shall consist of one sample from each
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A34/A34M − 06 (Reapproved 2012) A34/A34M − 06 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Practice for
Sampling and Procurement Testing of Magnetic Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A34/A34M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers sampling procedures and test practices for determination of various magnetic properties of both soft
and hard magnetic materials.
1.2 This practice may be used either in conjunction with, or independent of, the standard test methods and materials
specifications under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06. In the former situation, the sampling and testing procedures listed
herein shall not supersede those found in the individual test methods and materials specifications. In the latter situation, the
sampling and testing procedures listed herein shall strictly apply.
1.3 The values and equations stated in customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) or SI units are to be regarded separately as
standard. Within this standard, SI units are shown in brackets except for the sections concerning calculations where there are
separate sections for the respective unit systems. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this
standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A340 Terminology of Symbols and Definitions Relating to Magnetic Testing
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms relating to magnetic testing, reference shall be made to Terminology A340.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This practice defines test lots and describes the selection and preparation of test specimens used in the determination of
magnetic properties of various materials.
4.2 A method of calculating the density of iron-base electrical steels is given and a table of assumed densities for magnetic
testing of commercial soft magnetic alloys is provided.
5. Test Lots
5.1 Wrought, Flat-Rolled, or Long Products:
5.1.1 A test lot of wrought, flat-rolled, or long products shall consist of not more than 50 000 lb [23 000 kg] of material.
5.1.2 A test lot may be composed of coils or cut lengths. A test lot of coil product may consist of one or more coils having
essentially the same treatment and composition.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06 on Magnetic Properties and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A06.01 on Test Methods.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012May 1, 2018. Published November 2012June 2018. Originally approved in 1911. Last previous edition approved in 20062012 as
A34/A34M – 06.A34/A34M – 06 (2012). DOI: 10.1520/A0034_A0034M-06R12.10.1520/A0034_A0034M-06R18.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A34/A34M − 06 (2018)
5.2 Amorphous Strip and Wire:
5.2.1 A test lot shall consist of a continuously cast strip or wire in one coil without breaks. In practice this may represent
quantities up to 2200 lb [1000 kg].
5.3 Powder Metallurgically Produced Parts:
5.3.1 A test lot shall consist of parts of the same geometry and dimensions, made from powder of the same composition, molded
and sintered under the same conditions, which have been submitted for inspection at one time.
5.4 Cast Parts:
5.4.1 A test lot shall consist of parts of the same geometry and dimensions, made from the same casting heat, which have been
submitted for inspection at one time.
6. Sampling
6.1 Electrical Steel Coils:
6.1.1 From test lots in coil form, consisting of only one master coil, prepare the test strips from test sheets cut from one or both
ends of the coil.
6.1.2 When a test lot in coil form consists of several coils sheared or slit from a master coil, the test strips shall be prepared
from test sheets representing one or both ends of the master coil.
6.1.3 When a test lot in coil form consists of several coils having essentially the same treatment and composition, test strips shall
be prepared from test sheets cut from one or both ends of enough master coils to be representative of the lot.
6.2 Electrical Steel Cut Lengths:
6.2.1 When cut lengths are sheared from coil material without subsequent treatments (such as roller leveling or cold rolling),
the test on the original coil shall suffice.
6.2.2 Two or more test sheets shall be taken from the same lot of cut length steel that has been cold rolled or leveled. These
test sheets shall not lie adjacent to each other, but shall be selected in a manner to assure representative sampling.
6.3 Wrought Products Other Than Electrical Steels:
6.3.1 Sampling shall be one sample per each heat applied to the order unless otherwise specified in the appropriate ASTM
specification or by mutual agreement between the producer and purchaser.
6.4 Amorphous Strip and Wire:
6.4.1 Sampling shall consist of one sample from each end of each continuously cast coil unless otherwise specified in the
appropriate ASTM specification or by mutual agreement between the producer and purchaser.
6.5 Powder Metallurgically Produced Parts:
6.5.1 Sampling shall consist of one sample per test lot unless otherwise specified in the appropriate ASTM specification or by
mutual agreement between the producer and purchaser.
6.6 Cast Parts:
6.6.1 Sampling shall consist of one sample per test lot unless otherwise specified in the appropriate ASTM specification or by
mutual agreement between the producer and purchaser.
7. Test Specimens
7.1 The test specimens used for the determination of properties of magnetic materials will vary in form, depending upon the
test equipment and the dimensions of the material to be tested. Prepare the test specimens in a manner to adequately represent the
areas being sampled. Standard forms include flat strips, rings, bars, and links in accordance with the following practices.
7.1.1 Flat Strips:
7.1.1.1 Except when otherwise established by mutual agreement between the producer and the purchaser, the Epstein test
specimen shall be the standard specimen for determination of the magnetic properties of flat-rolled electrical steels.
7.1.1.2 Standard Epstein test specimens shall be composed of test strips preferably cut from test sheets in a manner shown in
Fig. 1 (a) or (b). One half of the strips are cut parallel to and the other half cut perpendicular to the direction of rolling.
7.1.1.3 If the width of the material does not permit cutting of strips perpendicular to the rolling direction, or, if the material has
preferred properties in any one direction with re
...