ASTM D3628-97

Standard Practice for Selection and Use of Emulsified Asphalts

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the selection of emulsified asphalts for various paving and allied uses.  
1.2  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-2001
• ICS: 91.100.50 - Binders. Sealing materials
• ICS: 93.080.20 - Road construction materials
• Technical Committee: D04 - Road and Paving Materials
• Drafting Committee: D04.41 - Emulsified Asphalt Specifications

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D3628-01 - Standard Practice for Selection and Use of Emulsified Asphalts
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D5360-15 - Standard Practice for Design and Construction of Bituminous Surface Treatments
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4215-21 - Standard Specification for Cold-Mixed, Cold-Laid Asphalt Paving Mixtures
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 3628 – 97
Standard Practice for
Selection and Use of Emulsified Asphalts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3628; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.8 graded aggregate seal, n—a single surface treatment
in which the aggregate is graded with little or no mineral filler,
1.1 This practice covers the selection of emulsified asphalts
typically with a nominal maximum size of about 19 mm, and
for various paving and allied uses.
containing sufficient sand that the bituminous material will be
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
required to penetrate upward into the aggregate cover; the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
nominal maximum aggregate size may vary depending on the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
course thickness desired and aggregate availability. It is an
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
application method used in lieu of a chip seal to provide a
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
lower cost road.
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.8.1 Discussion—In this case, nominal maximum size
refers to the definition in Terminology D 8
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.9 maintenance mix—a mixture of bituminous material
D 8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pave-
and mineral aggregate applied at ambient temperature for use
ments
in patching holes, depressions, and distress areas in existing
D 977 Specification for Emulsified Asphalt
pavements, using appropriate hand or mechanical methods in
D 2397 Specification for Cationic Emulsified Asphalt
placing and compacting the mix. These mixes may be designed
D 3515 Specification for Hot-Mixed, Hot-Laid Bituminous
for immediate use or for use out of a stockpile at a later date
Paving Mixtures
without further processing.
3. Terminology
3.1.10 mixed-in-place—the procedures by which the bitu-
minous material and mineral aggregrate are mixed on the job
3.1 Definitions:
site by means of travel plants, blade mixing, or other special
3.1.1 bituminous-aggregate applications—applications of
road-mixing equipment.
bituminous material to a prepared aggregate base or pavement
3.1.11 mulch treatment—a spray application of bituminous
surface followed by the application of aggregate.
material used to temporarily stabilize a recently seeded area.
3.1.2 bituminous-aggregate mixtures—a combination of bi-
The bituminous material can be applied to the soil or to a straw
tuminous material and aggregate that is physically mixed by
or hay mulch as a tie-down.
mechanical means, spread on the job site, and compacted.
3.1.12 multiple surface treatment—two or more single sur-
3.1.3 bituminous applications—the application of sprayed
face treatments placed one on the other. The maximum
bituminous coatings not involving the use of aggregates.
aggregate size of each successive treatment is usually one half
3.1.4 crack filler—the bituminous material used to fill and
that of the previous one, and the total thickness is about the
seal cracks in existing pavements.
same as the nominal maximum size aggregate particles of the
3.1.5 dense-graded aggregate—aggregate that is graded
first course.
from the maximum size, down to and including filler, with the
3.1.13 open-graded aggregate—aggregate containing little
object of obtaining a bituminous mix with a controlled void
or no mineral filler and in which the void spaces in the
content and high stability.
compacted aggregate are relatively large.
3.1.6 dust binder—a light application of bituminous mate-
3.1.14 pavement bases and surfaces—the lower or underly-
rial for the express purpose of laying and bonding loose dust.
ing pavement course atop the subbase or subgrade and the top
3.1.7 fog seal—a light spray application of asphalt to an
or wearing course. Cold-laid mixtures that are bound together
existing pavement as a seal to inhibit raveling, or seal the
with liquid bitumens use either open or dense aggregate
surface, or both.
gradations.
3.1.15 penetration macadam—pavement construction using
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-4 on Road and
essentially one-size coarse aggregate which is penetrated in
Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommitee D04.41 on
Emulsified Asphalt Specifications. place by an application of high viscosity bituminous material
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 1997. Published April 1998. Originally
followed by an application of smaller one-size coarse aggre-
published as D 3628 – 78. Last previous edition D 3628 – 93a.
gate and thoroughly rolled. Procedure may be progressively
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 3628
repeated to reduce surface voids as desired. applied to an existing, relatively nonabsorbent surface to
3.1.16 plant mix (cold)—a mixture of bituminous material provide a thorough bond between old and new surfacing.
and mineral aggregate prepared in a central mixing plant and 3.1.25 treatments and seals—a bituminous aggregate appli-
spread and compacted at the job site when the mixture is at or cation to any type of road or pavement surface for the purpose
near ambient temperature. of providing a wearing course, or a surface seal, or both.
3.1.17 plant mix (hot)—a mixture of bituminous material
4. Significance and Use
and mineral aggregate usually prepared in a conventional
hot-mix plant or drum mixer at a temperature of not more than 4.1 As indicated by Specifications D 977 and D 2397,
127°C and spread and compacted at the job site at a tempera- emulsified asphalts are classified by type (rapid medium or
ture above 93°C. slow setting) and by grade within type (viscosity in the case of
3.1.18 prime coat—an application of low-viscosity bitumi- the rapid-setting type or characteristic of the residual asphalt in
nous material to an absorptive surface designed to penetrate, the case of the medium and slow-setting types). Selection for
bond, and stabilize this existing surface and to promote use of a particu
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