ASTM F141-12(2020)
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Resilient Floor Coverings
Standard Terminology Relating to Resilient Floor Coverings
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F141 − 12 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Terminology Relating to
Resilient Floor Coverings
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF141;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Referenced Documents cellular concrete, n—a light weight flooring substrate material
which utilizes a hydraulic cement as the binder and has a
1.1 ASTM Standards:
homogeneous void or cell structure attained using gas
F1066 Specification for Vinyl Composition Floor Tile
forming chemicals or foaming agents.
F1303 Specification for Sheet Vinyl Floor Covering with
Backing
concrete, n—a hard, strong material made by mixing a
F1344 Specification for Rubber Floor Tile
cementing material (commonly portland cement) and a
F1700 Specification for Solid Vinyl Floor Tile
mineral aggregate (as washed sand and gravel or broken
F1859 Specification for Rubber Sheet Floor Covering With-
rock) with sufficient water to cause the cement to set and
out Backing
bind the entire mass.
F1860 Specification for Rubber Sheet Floor Covering With
Backing
coefficient of friction—the ratio of the tangential force that is
F1913 Specification forVinyl Sheet Floor CoveringWithout
needed to start or maintain uniform relative motion between
Backing
two contacting surfaces to the perpendicular force holding
F2034 Specification for Sheet Linoleum Floor Covering
them in contact. (See DCOF and SCOF in 2.2 for clarifica-
F2195 Specification for Linoleum Floor Tile
tion.)
cork tile, n—a floor surfacing unit made from natural cork
2. Terminology
shavings compressed and baked to be thoroughly and
2.1 Terms and Definitions:
uniformly bonded together.
above-grade, adj—above the surface of the ground, as related
to floor location, above a well-ventilated space with at least
cushioned vinyl flooring, n—any vinyl sheet floor covering
18 in. (457.2 mm) between the bottom of the lowest
incorporating a foam layer as part of its construction.
horizontal structural member and any point of the ground.
dimensional stability, n—the ability of a resilient flooring to
abrasion, n—wearing, grinding, or rubbing away by friction.
retain its original dimensions during the service life of the
product.
across machine direction, n—the direction perpendicular to
DISCUSSION—This property is usually measured by: (1) temperature-
which a product moves through the manufacturing process.
induced dimensional change—the alteration in linear dimensions as a
asphalt tile, n—an obsolete floor surfacing unit composed of
result of exposure to a significant variation in temperature followed by
asphalt or hydrocarbon resins, or both, crysotile asbestos a return to original conditions; or (2) moisture-induced dimensional
change—the alteration in linear dimensions as a result of exposure to
fibers, mineral fillers, and pigments.
a significant variation in moisture.
below-grade, adj—below the surface of the ground, as related
drying room yellowing, n—a yellowish cast on linoleum
to floor location, part or all of the floor is below the ground.
resultant from the oxidation process that will go away with
light exposure. Without continued light exposure, the cast
may reappear.
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F06 on
Resilient Floor Coverings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F06.10
dynamic coefficient of friction—the ratio of the tangential
on Terminology.
Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2020. Published February 2020. Originally force that is needed to maintain uniform relative motion
approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as F141-12. DOI:
between two contacting surfaces to the perpendicular force
10.1520/F0141-12R20.
holding them in contact (DCOF).
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
embossed, adj—having a permanent multilevel surface pro-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. duced by mechanical or chemical means.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F141 − 12 (2020)
flexibility, n—the ability to be bent, turned, or twisted without lippage, n—abrupt, height difference in elevation between
cracking, breaking or showing other permanent damage and edges of adjacent resilient flooring, usually as it relates to
with or without returning of itself to its former shape. installed tile.
friction, n—resistance to the relative motion of one body luxury vinyl tile (LVT), n—a marketing term that is applied to
sliding or rolling over another with which it is in contact. resilient floor tile products.
gouge, n—a groove or cavity in the flooring surface accompa- machine direction, n—the direction in which a product moves
through the manufacturing process.
nied by material removal and penetration below the imme-
diate flooring surface.
mar, n—a mark made on the flooring surface by the deposition
of material from friction or rubbing of traffic bodies against
heat welded seam, n—a seam produced by grooving abutting
edges of resilient flooring and filling said groove(s) with the surface.
heated, fused, or melted material to provide a bond and seal.
oleoresin, n—a plant product containing chiefly essential oil
A glazing or top coating may be applied after the seam is
and resin.
trimmed.
DISCUSSION—Excess welding material is trimmed flush with the
on-grade—in contact with the ground, as related to floor
finished flooring after cooling.
location, in contact with the ground or with less than 18 in.
(457.2 mm) of well-ventilated space between the bottom of
heterogeneous, adj—consisting of dissimilar ingredients, con-
the lowest horizontal structural member and any point of the
stituents or compositions.
ground.
heterogeneous resilient flooring, n—a resilient floor surfacing
patching compound, n—compound used to fill or smooth
material consisting of layers of dissimilar compositions or
minor depressions or irregularities in a flooring surface.
colors, or both.
plank, n—a form of resilient floor covering having an aspect
homogenous rubber flooring, n—a rubber floor surfacing
ratio greater than 2:1.
material,insheetortileform,thatisofuniformstructureand
composition throughout. It usually consists of compounded
polymeric poured (seamless) floors, n—a floor surfacing
natural or synthetic rubbers, or both, in combination with
material composed of polymeric materials applied to the
mineral fillers, pigments, and other additives. See Specifica-
substrateinliquidformaloneorincombinationwithmineral
tions F1344, F1859 and F1860.
or plastic aggregates, desiccants, or fillers.
homogeneous vinyl flooring, n—a floor surfacing material in
polyolefin—a polymer prepared by the polymerization of an
sheet or tile form that is of uniform structure and composi-
olefin(s) as essentially the sole monomers(s). (D20)
tion throughout. It usually consists of vinyl plastic resins,
post-consumer recycled content, n—the portion, often ex-
plasticizers, fillers, pigments and stabilizers. See also Speci-
pressed as a percent by weight, of material used in the
fication F1913.
manufacture of a new product, where the material ex. works
hydraulic cement, n—a binder system used in concrete
has been recovered or otherwise diverted from disposal.
subfloor assemblies that harden by chemical reaction with
pre-consumer recycle content, n—material recovered or di-
water and is capable of doing so even under water.
verted from industrial waste streams for use in the manufac-
injection molded flooring—a floor surfacing material made
ture of a new product or a product made by a new process,
by driving or forcing a polymeric compound into a mold.
often expressed as a percent by
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F141 − 12 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Terminology Relating to
Resilient Floor Coverings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F141; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Referenced Documents cellular concrete, n—a light weight flooring substrate material
2 which utilizes a hydraulic cement as the binder and has a
1.1 ASTM Standards:
homogeneous void or cell structure attained using gas
F1066 Specification for Vinyl Composition Floor Tile
forming chemicals or foaming agents.
F1303 Specification for Sheet Vinyl Floor Covering with
Backing
concrete, n—a hard, strong material made by mixing a
F1344 Specification for Rubber Floor Tile
cementing material (commonly portland cement) and a
F1700 Specification for Solid Vinyl Floor Tile
mineral aggregate (as washed sand and gravel or broken
F1859 Specification for Rubber Sheet Floor Covering With-
rock) with sufficient water to cause the cement to set and
out Backing
bind the entire mass.
F1860 Specification for Rubber Sheet Floor Covering With
Backing
coefficient of friction—the ratio of the tangential force that is
F1913 Specification for Vinyl Sheet Floor Covering Without
needed to start or maintain uniform relative motion between
Backing
two contacting surfaces to the perpendicular force holding
F2034 Specification for Sheet Linoleum Floor Covering
them in contact. (See DCOF and SCOF in 2.2 for clarifica-
F2195 Specification for Linoleum Floor Tile
tion.)
cork tile, n—a floor surfacing unit made from natural cork
2. Terminology
shavings compressed and baked to be thoroughly and
2.1 Terms and Definitions:
uniformly bonded together.
above-grade, adj—above the surface of the ground, as related
to floor location, above a well-ventilated space with at least
cushioned vinyl flooring, n—any vinyl sheet floor covering
18 in. (457.2 mm) between the bottom of the lowest
incorporating a foam layer as part of its construction.
horizontal structural member and any point of the ground.
dimensional stability, n—the ability of a resilient flooring to
abrasion, n—wearing, grinding, or rubbing away by friction.
retain its original dimensions during the service life of the
product.
across machine direction, n—the direction perpendicular to
DISCUSSION—This property is usually measured by: (1) temperature-
which a product moves through the manufacturing process.
induced dimensional change—the alteration in linear dimensions as a
asphalt tile, n—an obsolete floor surfacing unit composed of
result of exposure to a significant variation in temperature followed by
asphalt or hydrocarbon resins, or both, crysotile asbestos a return to original conditions; or (2) moisture-induced dimensional
change—the alteration in linear dimensions as a result of exposure to
fibers, mineral fillers, and pigments.
a significant variation in moisture.
below-grade, adj—below the surface of the ground, as related
drying room yellowing, n—a yellowish cast on linoleum
to floor location, part or all of the floor is below the ground.
resultant from the oxidation process that will go away with
light exposure. Without continued light exposure, the cast
may reappear.
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F06 on
Resilient Floor Coverings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F06.10
dynamic coefficient of friction—the ratio of the tangential
on Terminology.
Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2020. Published February 2020. Originally force that is needed to maintain uniform relative motion
approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as F141-12. DOI:
between two contacting surfaces to the perpendicular force
10.1520/F0141-12R20.
holding them in contact (DCOF).
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
embossed, adj—having a permanent multilevel surface pro-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. duced by mechanical or chemical means.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F141 − 12 (2020)
flexibility, n—the ability to be bent, turned, or twisted without lippage, n—abrupt, height difference in elevation between
cracking, breaking or showing other permanent damage and edges of adjacent resilient flooring, usually as it relates to
with or without returning of itself to its former shape. installed tile.
friction, n—resistance to the relative motion of one body luxury vinyl tile (LVT), n—a marketing term that is applied to
sliding or rolling over another with which it is in contact. resilient floor tile products.
machine direction, n—the direction in which a product moves
gouge, n—a groove or cavity in the flooring surface accompa-
nied by material removal and penetration below the imme- through the manufacturing process.
diate flooring surface.
mar, n—a mark made on the flooring surface by the deposition
heat welded seam, n—a seam produced by grooving abutting of material from friction or rubbing of traffic bodies against
the surface.
edges of resilient flooring and filling said groove(s) with
heated, fused, or melted material to provide a bond and seal.
oleoresin, n—a plant product containing chiefly essential oil
A glazing or top coating may be applied after the seam is
and resin.
trimmed.
DISCUSSION—Excess welding material is trimmed flush with the on-grade—in contact with the ground, as related to floor
finished flooring after cooling.
location, in contact with the ground or with less than 18 in.
(457.2 mm) of well-ventilated space between the bottom of
heterogeneous, adj—consisting of dissimilar ingredients, con-
the lowest horizontal structural member and any point of the
stituents or compositions.
ground.
heterogeneous resilient flooring, n—a resilient floor surfacing
patching compound, n—compound used to fill or smooth
material consisting of layers of dissimilar compositions or
minor depressions or irregularities in a flooring surface.
colors, or both.
plank, n—a form of resilient floor covering having an aspect
homogenous rubber flooring, n—a rubber floor surfacing
ratio greater than 2:1.
material, in sheet or tile form, that is of uniform structure and
composition throughout. It usually consists of compounded
polymeric poured (seamless) floors, n—a floor surfacing
natural or synthetic rubbers, or both, in combination with
material composed of polymeric materials applied to the
mineral fillers, pigments, and other additives. See Specifica-
substrate in liquid form alone or in combination with mineral
tions F1344, F1859 and F1860.
or plastic aggregates, desiccants, or fillers.
homogeneous vinyl flooring, n—a floor surfacing material in
polyolefin—a polymer prepared by the polymerization of an
sheet or tile form that is of uniform structure and composi-
olefin(s) as essentially the sole monomers(s). (D20)
tion throughout. It usually consists of vinyl plastic resins,
post-consumer recycled content, n—the portion, often ex-
plasticizers, fillers, pigments and stabilizers. See also Speci-
pressed as a percent by weight, of material used in the
fication F1913.
manufacture of a new product, where the material ex. works
hydraulic cement, n—a binder system used in concrete
has been recovered or otherwise diverted from disposal.
subfloor assemblies that harden by chemical reaction with
pre-consumer recycle content, n—material recovered or di-
water and is capable of doing so even under water.
verted from industrial waste streams for use in the manufac-
injection molded flooring—a floor surfacing material made
ture of a new product or a product made by a new process,
by driving or forcing a polymeric compound into a mold.
often expressed as a percent by weight. This excludes
materials and by-products generated from and commonly
i
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F141 − 12 F141 − 12 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Terminology Relating to
Resilient Floor Coverings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F141; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Referenced Documents
1.1 ASTM Standards:
F1066 Specification for Vinyl Composition Floor Tile
F1303 Specification for Sheet Vinyl Floor Covering with Backing
F1344 Specification for Rubber Floor Tile
F1700 Specification for Solid Vinyl Floor Tile
F1859 Specification for Rubber Sheet Floor Covering Without Backing
F1860 Specification for Rubber Sheet Floor Covering With Backing
F1913 Specification for Vinyl Sheet Floor Covering Without Backing
F2034 Specification for Sheet Linoleum Floor Covering
F2195 Specification for Linoleum Floor Tile
2. Terminology
2.1 Terms and Definitions:
above-grade, adj—above the surface of the ground, as related to floor location, above a well-ventilated space with at least 18 in.
(457.2 mm) between the bottom of the lowest horizontal structural member and any point of the ground.
abrasion, n—wearing, grinding, or rubbing away by friction.
across machine direction, n—the direction perpendicular to which a product moves through the manufacturing process.
asphalt tile, n—an obsolete floor surfacing unit composed of asphalt or hydrocarbon resins, or both, crysotile asbestos fibers,
mineral fillers, and pigments.
below-grade, adj—below the surface of the ground, as related to floor location, part or all of the floor is below the ground.
cellular concrete, n—a light weight flooring substrate material which utilizes a hydraulic cement as the binder and has a
homogeneous void or cell structure attained using gas forming chemicals or foaming agents.
concrete, n—a hard, strong material made by mixing a cementing material (commonly portland cement) and a mineral aggregate
(as washed sand and gravel or broken rock) with sufficient water to cause the cement to set and bind the entire mass.
coefficient of friction—the ratio of the tangential force that is needed to start or maintain uniform relative motion between two
contacting surfaces to the perpendicular force holding them in contact. (See DCOF and SCOF in 2.2 for clarification.)
cork tile, n—a floor surfacing unit made from natural cork shavings compressed and baked to be thoroughly and uniformly bonded
together.
cushioned vinyl flooring, n—any vinyl sheet floor covering incorporating a foam layer as part of its construction.
dimensional stability, n—the ability of a resilient flooring to retain its original dimensions during the service life of the product.
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F06 on Resilient Floor Coverings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F06.10 on Terminology.
Current edition approved March 1, 2012Jan. 15, 2020. Published April 2012February 2020. Originally approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 20112012 as
F141-11.-12. DOI: 10.1520/F0141-12.10.1520/F0141-12R20.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F141 − 12 (2020)
DISCUSSION—
This property is usually measured by: (1) temperature-induced dimensional change—the alteration in linear dimensions as a result of exposure to a
significant variation in temperature followed by a return to original conditions; or (2) moisture-induced dimensional change—the alteration in linear
dimensions as a result of exposure to a significant variation in moisture.
drying room yellowing, n—a yellowish cast on linoleum resultant from the oxidation process that will go away with light
exposure. Without continued light exposure, the cast may reappear.
dynamic coefficient of friction—the ratio of the tangential force that is needed to maintain uniform relative motion between two
contacting surfaces to the perpendicular force holding them in contact (DCOF).
embossed, adj—having a permanent multilevel surface produced by mechanical or chemical means.
flexibility, n—the ability to be bent, turned, or twisted without cracking, breaking or showing other permanent damage and with
or without returning of itself to its former shape.
friction, n—resistance to the relative motion of one body sliding or rolling over another with which it is in contact.
gouge, n—a groove or cavity in the flooring surface accompanied by material removal and penetration below the immediate
flooring surface.
heat welded seam, n—a seam produced by grooving abutting edges of resilient flooring and filling said groove(s) with heated,
fused, or melted material to provide a bond and seal. A glazing or top coating may be applied after the seam is trimmed.
DISCUSSION—
Excess welding material is trimmed flush with the finished flooring after cooling.
heterogeneous, adj—consisting of dissimilar ingredients, constituents or compositions.
heterogeneous resilient flooring, n—a resilient floor surfacing material consisting of layers of dissimilar compositions or colors,
or both.
homogenous rubber flooring, n—a rubber floor surfacing material, in sheet or tile form, that is of uniform structure and
composition throughout. It usually consists of compounded natural or synthetic rubbers, or both, in combination with mineral
fillers, pigments, and other additives. See Specifications F1344, F1859 and F1860.
homogeneous vinyl flooring, n—a floor surfacing material in sheet or tile form that is of uniform structure and composition
throughout. It usually consists of vinyl plastic resins, plasticizers, fillers, pigments and stabilizers. See also Specification F1913.
hydraulic cement, n—a binder system used in concrete subfloor assemblies that harden by chemical reaction with water and is
capable of doing so even under water.
injection molded flooring—a floor surfacing material made by driving or forcing a polymeric compound into a mold.
inlaid sheet flooring, n—a floor surfacing material in which the decorative pattern or design is formed by colored areas set in to
the surface. The design so formed may or may not extend through to a backing. See also Specifications F1303 and F1913.
3 3
lightweight concrete, n—concrete with a density of less than 115 lb/ft (1840 kg/m ).
linoleum, n—a surfacing material composed of a solidified mixture of linseed oil, pine rosin, fossil or other resins or rosins, or
an equivalent oxidized oleoresinous binder, ground cork, wood flour, mineral fillers, and pigments, bonded to a fibrous or other
suitable backing. See also Specifications F2034 and F2195.
linoleum cement—the binder in linoleum consisting of a mixture of linseed oil, pine rosin, fossil or other resins or rosins, or an
equivalent oxidized oleoresinous binder.
lippage, n—abrupt, height difference in elevation between edges of adjacent resilient flooring, usually as it relates to installed tile.
luxury vinyl tile (LVT), n—a marketing term that is applied to resilient floor tile products.
machine direction, n—the direction in which a product moves through the manufacturing process.
mar, n—a mark made on the flooring surface by the deposition of material from friction or rubbing of traffic bodies against the
surface.
oleoresin, n—a plant product containing chiefly essential oil and resin.
F141 − 12 (2020)
on-grade—in contact with the ground, as related to floor location, in contact with the ground or with less than 18 in. (457.2 mm)
of well-ventilated space between the bottom of the lowest horizontal structural member an
...
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