ASTM D4025-08a(2013)

Standard Practice for Reporting Results of Examination and Analysis of Deposits Formed from Water for Subsurface Injection

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice sets down the manner in which data obtained from other test methods should be reported. This is done in an effort to standardize the report form used.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the manner in which the various results of examination and analysis to determine the composition of deposits formed from water for subsurface injection are to be reported.  
1.2 All analyses shall be made in accordance with the test methods of ASTM, unless otherwise specified. Note 1—While reporting of inorganic constituents in water-formed deposits as specified in Test Methods D4412 is sufficient for certain industries, this practice provides for the reporting of organic and biological materials as well as inorganic constituents.Note 2—Consistent with practices in industries where subsurface injection of water is practiced, reporting includes specifying of inorganic constituents as probable molecular combinations of the species for which analyses are performed.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2013
• ICS: 13.060.50 - Examination of water for chemical substances
• Technical Committee: D19 - Water
• Drafting Committee: D19.05 - Inorganic Constituents in Water

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4025-08a - Standard Practice for Reporting Results of Examination and Analysis of Deposits Formed from Water for Subsurface Injection
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2013
• Replaced By: ASTM D4025-18 - Standard Practice for Reporting Results of Examination and Analysis of Deposits Formed from Water for Subsurface Injection
• Effective Date: 01-May-2018

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4025 − 08a (Reapproved 2013)
Standard Practice for
Reporting Results of Examination and Analysis of Deposits
Formed from Water for Subsurface Injection
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4025; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4412TestMethodsforSulfate-ReducingBacteriainWater
and Water-Formed Deposits
1.1 This practice covers the manner in which the various
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
results of examination and analysis to determine the composi-
Determine Conformance with Specifications
tionofdepositsformedfromwaterforsubsurfaceinjectionare
to be reported.
3. Terminology
1.2 All analyses shall be made in accordance with the test
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
methods of ASTM, unless otherwise specified.
practice, reference should be made to Terminology D1129 and
NOTE 1—While reporting of inorganic constituents in water-formed
Practice D887.
deposits as specified in Test Methods D4412 is sufficient for certain
industries, this practice provides for the reporting of organic and biologi-
4. History of Sample
cal materials as well as inorganic constituents.
NOTE 2—Consistent with practices in industries where subsurface
4.1 Information regarding the source and history of the
injection of water is practiced, reporting includes specifying of inorganic
sample shall be included in the report of the analysis. This
constituents as probable molecular combinations of the species for which
analyses are performed.
information should be that supplied by the individual submit-
ting the sample as follows:
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4.1.1 Name of company supplying the sample,
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
4.1.2 Name of location of plant, facility, and well,
4.1.3 Date and time of sampling,
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1.4 Number of sample,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1.5 Nameandotherdesignationofequipmentfromwhich
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
sample was removed,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1.6 Precise location from which sample was removed,
4.1.7 Operating temperature and pressure of water or brine
2. Referenced Documents
at location of deposit,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1.8 Type of treatment applied to the water that formed the
D887Practices for Sampling Water-Formed Deposits
deposit,
D932Practice for Filamentous Iron Bacteria in Water and
4.1.9 An account of system operating conditions that may
Water-Formed Deposits
have contributed to deposition (for example, filter channeling,
D933Practice for Reporting Results of Examination and
chemical pump outage, or increased system temperature),
Analysis of Water-Formed Deposits
4.1.10 Appearance and extent of deposit prior to removal,
D1129Terminology Relating to Water
4.1.11 Exact method that was used in removing the sample
and notes concerning any contamination that might have
occurred during the process,
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D19 on Water and
4.1.12 Specific methods used for preservation of sample
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituents in
Water.
prior to and subsequent to removal,
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2013.PublishedJuly2013.Originallyapproved
4.1.13 Results of field tests made on the sample or related
in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D4025–08a. DOI: 10.1520/
equipment,
D4025-08AR13.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.1.14 An analysis of the water from which the deposit was
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
formed, and
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 4.1.15 Identity of sampler.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D4025 − 08a (2013)
TABLE 1 Major Headings for Determinations to Be Reported TABLE 4 Common Inorganic Components Found in
Water-Formed Deposits and Their K Values
sp
Microbiological examination
Moisture and volatile material
Inorganic K Temperature, Reference
sp
Solvent-extractable components:
Material °C
Fluorocarbon-extractables
−33 A
Al(OH) 1.3×10 18—25
Water-solubles
−9 B
BaCO 2.6×10 25
Acid-solubles
−23 A
Ba (PO ) 3.4×10 18–25
3 4 2
Solvent-insolubles
−10 B
BaSO 1.1×10 25
Loss at 900°C
−9 B
CaCO 4.9×10 25
Ash
−6 B
Ca(OH) 4.7×10 25
Inorganic components
−33 B
Ca (PO ) 2.1×10 25
3 4 2
−5 B
CaSO 7.1×10 25
−11 B
FeCO 3.1×10 25
−36 B
Fe O 1.1×10 18
2 3
TABLE 2 Acid-Soluble Portion Ions to Be Reported
−39 B
Fe(OH) 2.6×10 25
−29 B
Inorganic materials:
FePO ·2H O 9.9×10 25
4 2
−10 B
calcium carbonate
SrCO 5.6×10 25
−28 A
magnesium sulfide
Sr (PO ) 4.0×10 18–25
3 4 2
−7 B
barium sulfate
SrSO 3.4×10 25
−10 B
iron phosphate
ZnCO 1.2×10 25
A
−17 B
sodium hydroxide
Zn(OH) 6.8×10 25
A
−25 B
oxide
ZnS 2.2 × 10 25
Organic materials
Na CO
2 3
A NaCl
These ions are determined by difference. The specific ion reported is determined
Na SO
2 4
by direct evidence or in absence of such evidence as hydroxide.
S
SiO
Other siliceous
TABLE 3 Ash—Common Constituents to Be Reported material
A
calcium zinc Lange’s Handbook of Chemistry, Dean, J. A., Ed., McGraw-Hill Book Co., 13th
magnesium sodium Edition, pp. 5–7 to 5–12.
B
Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Weast, R. C., Ed., Chemical Rubber Co.,
barium potassium
strontium phosphate 1991, pp. 8–39.
iron sulfate
aluminum chloride
silicon
manganese
Specific determinations which shall be reported under some of
themajorheadingsarelistedinTables2-4.Incertaininstances,
knowledge of the operating practices and water chemistry will
5. Significance and Use
have suggested the need to perform additional analyses or
5.1 This practice sets down the manner in which data
indicated the need for a less complete analysis; consequently,
obtained from other test methods should be reported. This is
results from determinations may not be reported for each
done in an effort to standardize the report form used.
individual item.
6. Physical Characteristics
8. Reporting of Biological Components
6.1 The macroscopic characteristics of the sample, as ascer-
8.1 The results of examinations conducted to determine the
tained by the analyst, including any peculiarities that may be
presence of microorganisms in the sample, such as those
pertinent to the results of the examination, shall be included in
delineated by Test Method D932 and Practice D4412, shall be
the report.
reported. The organisms present should be identified by phyla
NOTE 3—Characteristics such as the following may be recorded: color,
with the relative abundance noted.
form (scaly, slimy, etc.), texture (oily, smooth, friable, gritty, etc.),
NOTE 6—In the absence of quantitative measurements, the microbio-
magnetic properties (as determined by test with magnet), and apparent
logical constituents may be grouped as major, minor, and trace. In
structure (amorphous, crystalline, columnar crystals).
categorizingtheconstituents,thequalitativenatureoftheexaminationand
NOTE 4—Any discrepancies between the physical characteristics ob-
the subjective appraisal of its proportion must be considered.
served by the analyst and those reported by the sampler should be noted.
NOTE7—Theresultsoftheexaminationshouldbequalifiedonthebasis
6.2 Characteristics observed during microscopic examina-
of any known or suspected effects related to sample handling prior to or
tion shall be reported and include a description of the gross during analysis likely to influence the validity.
characteristics and homogeneity or heterogeneity of the
9. Reporting of Chemical Analyses
sample.
9.1 The major headings under which chemical analysis
6.3 Any distinct observable crystal morphology such as
determination shall be reported are moisture and volatile
monoclinic, rhombic, etc., shall be reported.
material, solvent-extractable components, loss at 900°C, ash,
NOTE 5—Specific note of the presence of any biological material in the
and inorganic components.
sample should be made.
9.2 All data shall be reported as weight percent both on an
7. Determinations to Be Reported
as-receivedbasisandonadryweightbasis,withtheexception
7.1 The major headings for which determinations shall be of water and volatile material, which shall be reported on an
reported in a complete analysis are as indicated in Table 1. as-received basis only.
D4025 − 08a (2013)
9.3 The loss at 105°C shall be reported as the moisture and For convenience of calculation, the ionic species may also be
volatile material content of the sample. reported as equivalents.
9.7.1 Theprobablemineralcompositionshallbedetermined
9.4 Reporting of solvent-extractable materials shall be di-
by association of ions on an equivalent basis so as to form the
vided into organic solvent extractables, water-solubles, acid-
compoundhavingthelowest K (basedonstabilityconstantof
sp
extractables, and solvent insolubles.
metal complexes) value. After complete association of one of
9.4.1 The organic solvent-extractable constituents shall be
the ions in the first compound is achieved, the association is
reported in terms of the generic nature of the extracted
continued in a manner to form the compound with the next
material.Whentheextractableportion
...