ASTM F1890-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measuring Softball Bat Performance Factor
Standard Test Method for Measuring Softball Bat Performance Factor
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method offers a laboratory means to compare the performance of a softball bat.
Use of this test method can provide sports governing bodies a means to compare calculated BBS and other physical properties of bats.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a method for determining bat performance by measuring the bat-ball coefficient of restitution (BBCOR), deriving the bat performance factor (BPF) and calculating a batted ball speed (BBS). It is applicable to softball bats of any construction or material. The method provides a quantitative measure of bat dynamic performance that may be used for comparison purposes.
1.2 The BBCOR, BPF, and BBS are each calculated from measurements taken in the laboratory on test equipment meeting the requirements defined in this specification.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
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Designation: F1890 − 11 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
1
Measuring Softball Bat Performance Factor
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1890; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 balance point, n—distance to the center of mass of a
bat when measured from the distal end of the bat knob.
1.1 This test method covers a method for determining bat
performance by measuring the bat-ball coefficient of restitution 3.1.2 bat-ball coeffıcient of restitution (BBCOR), n—COR
(BBCOR), deriving the bat performance factor (BPF) and of a specific ball colliding with a bat as defined in this test
calculating a batted ball speed (BBS). It is applicable to method. See coeffıcient of restitution (COR).
softball bats of any construction or material. The method
3.1.3 bat performance factor (BPF), n—ratio of BBCOR to
provides a quantitative measure of bat dynamic performance
ball COR as defined in this test method.
that may be used for comparison purposes.
3.1.4 center of percussion (COP), n—also known as the
1.2 The BBCOR, BPF, and BBS are each calculated from
center of oscillation, the length of a simple pendulum with the
measurements taken in the laboratory on test equipment
same period as a physical pendulum, as in a bat oscillating on
meeting the requirements defined in this specification.
a pivot. Forces and impacts at this location will not induce
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded axial reactions at the pivot point.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.1.5 coeffıcient of restitution (COR), n—measure of impact
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
efficiency calculated as the relative speed of the objects after
and are not considered standard.
impact divided by the relative speed of the objects before
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
impact.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.6 moment of inertia (MOI), n—measure of mass distri-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
bution relative to an axis of rotation. It is the product of the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
mass multiplied by the square of the distance to the mass,
bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.
summed over the entire bat.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Significance and Use
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 This test method offers a laboratory means to compare
F1887 Test Method for Measuring the Coefficient of Resti-
the performance of a softball bat.
tution (COR) of Baseballs and Softballs
4.2 Use of this test method can provide sports governing
F1888 Test Method for Compression-Displacement of Base-
bodies a means to compare calculated BBS and other physical
balls and Softballs
properties of bats.
F2398 Test Method for Measuring Moment of Inertia and
Center of Percussion of a Baseball or Softball Bat
5. Apparatus
3. Terminology
5.1 Test Balls—Official softballs approved for play and
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: tested in accordance with the following procedures. Perform
ball compression test of Test Method F1888 prior to ball COR
test of Test Method F1887.
1 5.1.1 Compression—350 to 375 lb at 0.25-in. deflection
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports
Equipment and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F08.26 on (1557 to 1668 N at 6.4-mm deflection) in accordance with Test
Baseball and Softball Equipment.
Method F1888. Balls to be labeled with compression value.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011. Published November 2011. Originally
5.1.2 Weight—6.25 to 6.75 oz (177.2 to 191.4 g). Balls to be
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F1890 – 09. DOI:
10.1520/F1890-11. labeled with weight value.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.1.3 Size—12.00 to 12.25-in. (304.8 to 311.1-mm) circum-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ference. Balls to be labeled with size value.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 5.1.4 Core Material—Polyurethane.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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F1890 − 11
5.1.5 Ball COR—0.450 to 0.470 in accordance with Test turntable assembly shall be determined and used in the
Method F1887. Balls to be labeled with COR and test speed
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:F1890–09 Designation: F1890 – 11
Standard Test Method for
1
Measuring Softball Bat Performance Factor
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1890; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ϵ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers a method for determining bat performance by measuring the bat-ball coefficient of restitution
(BBCOR), deriving the bat performance factor (BPF) and calculating a batted ball speed (BBS). It is applicable to softball bats
of any construction or material. The method provides a quantitative measure of bat dynamic performance that may be used for
comparison purposes.
1.2 The BBCOR, BPF, and BBS are each calculated from measurements taken in the laboratory on test equipment meeting the
requirements defined in this specification.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
requirements prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F1887 Test Method for Measuring the Coefficient of Restitution (COR) of Baseballs and Softballs
F1888 Test Method for Compression-Displacement of Baseballs and Softballs
F2398 Test Method for Measuring Moment of Inertia and Center of Percussion of a Baseball or Softball Bat
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 balance point, n—distance to the center of mass of a bat when measured from the distal end of the bat knob.
3.1.2 bat-ball coeffıcient of restitution (BBCOR), n—COR of a specific ball colliding with a bat as defined in this test method.
See coeffıcient of restitution (COR).
3.1.3 bat performance factor (BPF), n—ratio of BBCOR to ball COR as defined in this test method.
3.1.4 center of percussion (COP), n—also known as the center of oscillation, the length of a simple pendulum with the same
period as a physical pendulum, as in a bat oscillating on a pivot. Forces and impacts at this location will not induce axial reactions
at the pivot point.
3.1.5 coeffıcient of restitution (COR), n—measureofimpactefficiencycalculatedastherelativespeedoftheobjectsafterimpact
divided by the relative speed of the objects before impact.
3.1.6 moment of inertia (MOI), n—measure of mass distribution relative to an axis of rotation. It is the product of the mass
multiplied by the square of the distance to the mass, summed over the entire bat.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method offers a laboratory means to compare the performance of a softball bat.
4.2 Use of this test method can provide sports governing bodies a means to compare calculated BBS and other physical
properties of bats.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Test Balls—Official softballs approved for play and tested in accordance with the following procedures. Perform ball
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports Equipment and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F08.26 on
Baseball and Softball Equipment.
Current edition approved JuneNov. 1, 2009.2011. Published June 2009.November 2011. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 20052009 as
F1890 – 059. DOI: 10.1520/F1890-09.10.1520/F1890-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1890 – 11
compression test of Test Method F1888 prior to ball COR test of Test Method F1887.
5.1.1 Compression—350 to 375 lb at 0.25-in. deflection (1557 to 1668 N at 6.4-mm deflection) in accordance withTest Method
F1888. Balls to be labeled with compression value.
5.1.2 Weight—6.25 to 6.75 oz (177.2 to 191.4 g). Balls to be labeled with weig
...
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