ASTM D1599-14
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
Standard Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method establishes the short-time hydraulic failure pressure of thermoplastic or reinforced thermosetting resin pipe, tubing, or fittings. Data obtained by this test method are of use only in predicting the behavior of pipe, tubing, and fittings under conditions of temperature, time, method of loading, and hoop stress similar to those used in the actual test. They are generally not indicative of the long-term strength of thermoplastic or reinforced thermosetting resin pipe, tubing, and fittings.
4.2 Procurement specifications utilizing this test method may stipulate a minimum and maximum time for failure other than the 60 to 70 s listed in 9.1.3. Either the internal hydraulic pressure or the hoop stress may be listed in the requirements.
Note 1: Many thermoplastics give significantly different burst strengths depending on the time to failure. For instance, significant differences have been observed between failure times of 65 and 85 s.
4.3 This test method is also used as a short-term pressurization validation procedure, where the specimens are pressurized to a predetermined minimum pressure requirement.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance of either thermoplastic or reinforced thermosetting resin pipe, tubing, or fittings to hydraulic pressure in a short time period. Procedure A is used to determine burst pressure of a specimen if the mode of failure is to be determined. Procedure B is used to determine that a specimen complies with a minimum burst requirement.
1.2 This test method is suitable for establishing laboratory testing requirements for quality control purposes or for procurement specifications.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D1599 − 14
StandardTest Method for
Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic Pressure of Plastic
Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1599; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resis- 3.1 This test method consists of loading a specimen to
tance of either thermoplastic or reinforced thermosetting resin failure, or a predetermined minimum level, in short-time
pipe, tubing, or fittings to hydraulic pressure in a short time interval by means of continuously increasing internal
period. Procedure A is used to determine burst pressure of a hydraulic-pressure while immersed in a controlled-temperature
specimen if the mode of failure is to be determined. Procedure environment.
B is used to determine that a specimen complies with a
4. Significance and Use
minimum burst requirement.
4.1 This test method establishes the short-time hydraulic
1.2 This test method is suitable for establishing laboratory
failure pressure of thermoplastic or reinforced thermosetting
testing requirements for quality control purposes or for pro-
resin pipe, tubing, or fittings. Data obtained by this test method
curement specifications.
are of use only in predicting the behavior of pipe, tubing, and
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
fittings under conditions of temperature, time, method of
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
loading, and hoop stress similar to those used in the actual test.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
They are generally not indicative of the long-term strength of
and are not considered standard.
thermoplastic or reinforced thermosetting resin pipe, tubing,
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and fittings.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.2 Procurement specifications utilizing this test method
responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and
may stipulate a minimum and maximum time for failure other
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
than the 60 to 70 s listed in 9.1.3. Either the internal hydraulic
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
pressure or the hoop stress may be listed in the requirements.
2. Referenced Documents
NOTE 1—Many thermoplastics give significantly different burst
2 strengths depending on the time to failure. For instance, significant
2.1 ASTM Standards:
differences have been observed between failure times of 65 and 85 s.
D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
4.3 This test method is also used as a short-term pressur-
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
ization validation procedure, where the specimens are pressur-
D3517 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-
ized to a predetermined minimum pressure requirement.
Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pressure Pipe
D3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of “Fiberglass”
5. Failure
(Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe and
Fittings 5.1 Any instantaneous or rapid loss of pressure shall con-
stitute failure.
5.2 Any visible passage of fluid through the wall of the
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic
specimen shall constitute failure.
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.40 on Test
Methods.
5.3 Any loss of pressure that interrupts the continuous and
Current edition approved April 15, 2014. Published November 2014. Originally
uniform pressure increase, described in 9.1.3, shall constitute
approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D1599 – 99 (2011).
failure.
DOI: 10.1520/D1599-14.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.4 Leakageattheendclosureorfractureofthespecimenin
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
theimmediatevicinityoftheendclosureshallbeconsideredas
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. an invalid test item, not a failure.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D1599 − 14
6. Apparatus 6.5.2 Fittings—Caps and plugs for fittings shall not extend
beyond the bottom thread or the bottom of the socket.
6.1 Constant-TemperatureBath—Awaterbathorotherfluid
bath equipped so that uniform temperature is maintained NOTE 6—For purposes of determining the ultimate rupture strength of
fittings, a metal band not extending more than one third of the threaded or
throughout the bath. This may require agitation. If an air or
socket depth, may be used: When the mode of failure of a piping system
other gaseous environment is used, provisions shall be made
is to be determined, no reinforcement shall be used.
foradequatecirculation.Unlessotherwisestated,thetestsshall
be conducted at 736 3.6°F (23 6 2°C). The tolerance on other
7. Test Specimen
test temperatures shall be 3.6°F (6 2°C). Fluid environments
7.1 Pipe or Tubing:
that chemically attack the specimens shall not be used unless
7.1.1 Specimen Size—For pipe sizes of 6 in. (150 mm) or
this effect is being studied. In that case, the purpose of the test
less, the specimen length between the end closures shall be not
shall be included in the report.
less than five times the outside diameter of the pipe, but in no
case less than 12 in. (300 mm). For larger sizes, the minimum
NOTE 2—Reinforced thermosetting resin pipe and fittings may show
increasing failure pressures as temperature is raised above 73.4°F (23°C)
length shall be not less than three times the outside diameter,
in this test.
but in no case less than 30 in. (760 mm).
7.1.2 Sample Size—Unless otherwise specified five speci-
6.2 Pressurizing System—A device capable of applying an
mens shall be tested.
essentially continuously increasing internal hydraulic pressure
to the test specimen. Suggested equipment for this test may 7.1.3 Measurements—Dimensions shall be determined in
accordance with Test Method D2122 or Practice D3567.
include the following:
6.2.1 Nitrogen Supply (Cylinder Gas) with a pressure regu-
7.2 Fittings:
lator and hydraulic accumulator, or
7.2.1 Specimen Size—Specimens shall consist of complete
6.2.1.1 Pump, capable of applying essentially continuously fittings without alteration.
increasing internal hydraulic pressure to the test specimen.
7.2.2 Sample Size—Unless otherwise specified five speci-
mens shall be tested.
6.3 Pressure Indicating System:
7.2.3 Specimen Surface—All surfaces of the specimens
6.3.1 Pressure Gauges—When used, mechanical pressure
shall be free of visible flaws, scratches, or other imperfections,
gauges shall have a precision within 1 % of full-scale deflec-
except for the usual marks common on good extrusions and
tion with a maximum indicating hand.
molding, unless these imperfections are being investigated, in
6.3.2 PressureTransducers—Whenused,pressuretransduc-
which case the purpose shall be included in the report along
ers shall have a precision with 1% of full-scale deflection. The
with a description of the imperfections.
system shall have the capability to save the maximum test
7.3 Systems (Pipe, Fittings, and Joints):
pressureforretrivalanddisplayafterthecompletionofthetest.
7.3.1 Systems shall be prepared from pipe and fittings
6.3.3 The pressure indicating apparatus (gauge
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1599 − 99 (Reapproved 2011) D1599 − 14 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic Pressure of Plastic
Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1599; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance of either thermoplastic or reinforced thermosetting resin pipe,
tubing, or fittings to hydraulic presssurepressure in a short time period. Procedure A is used to determine burst pressure of a
specimen if the mode of failure is to be determined. Procedure B is used to determine that a specimen complies with a minimum
burst requirement.
1.2 This test method is suitable for establishing laboratory testing requirements for quality control purposes or for procurement
specifications.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information purposes only. only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings
D3517 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pressure Pipe
D3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe and Fittings
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 This test method consists of loading a specimen to failure, or a predetermined minimum level, in short-time interval by
means of continuously increasing internal hydraulic-pressure while immersed in a controlled-temperature environment.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method establishes the short-time hydraulic failure pressure of thermoplastic or reinforced thermosetting resin pipe,
tubing, or fittings. Data obtained by this test method are of use only in predicting the behavior of pipe, tubing, and fittings under
conditions of temperature, time, method of loading, and hoop stress similar to those used in the actual test. They are generally not
indicative of the long-term strength of thermoplastic or reinforced thermosetting resin pipe, tubing, and fittings.
4.2 Procurement specifications utilizing this test method may stipulate a minimum and maximum time for failure other than the
60 to 70 s listed in 9.1.3. Either the internal hydraulic pressure or the hoop stress may be listed in the requirements.
NOTE 1—Many thermoplastics give significantly different burst strengths depending on the time to failure. For instance, significant differences have
been observed between failure times of 65 and 85 s.
4.3 This test method is also used as a short-term pressurization validation procedure, where the specimens are pressurized to
a predetermined minimum pressure requirement.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.40 on Test Methods.
Current edition approved April 1, 2011April 15, 2014. Published November 2011November 2014. Originally approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in
20052011 as D1599 – 99 (2005).(2011). DOI: 10.1520/D1599-99R11.10.1520/D1599-14.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D1599 − 14
5. Failure
5.1 Any instantaneous or rapid loss of pressure shall constitute failure.
5.2 Any visible passage of fluid through the wall of the specimen shall constitute failure.
5.3 Any loss of pressure that interrupts the continuous and uniform pressure increase, described in 9.1.3, shall constitute failure.
5.4 Leakage at the end closure or fracture of the specimen in the immediate vicinity of the end closure shall be considered as
an invalid test item, not a failure.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Constant-Temperature Bath—A water bath or other fluid bath equipped so that uniform temperature is maintained
throughout the bath. This may require agitation. If an air or other gaseous environment is used, provisions shall be made for
adequate circulation. Unless otherwise stated, the tests shall be conducted at 23 6 2°C (736 3.6°F).736 3.6°F (23 6 2°C). The
tolerance on other test temperatures shall be 6 2°C (3.6°F).3.6°F (6 2°C). Fluid environments that chemically attack the
specimens shall not be used unless this effect is being studied. In that case, the purpose of the test shall be included in the report.
NOTE 2—Reinforced thermosetting resin pipe and fittings may show increasing failure pressures as temperature is raised above 23°C 73.4°F (23°C)
in this test.
6.2 Pressurizing System—A device capable of applying an essentially continuously increasing internal hydraulic pressure to the
test specimen. Suggested equipment for this test may include the following:
6.2.1 Nitrogen Supply (Cylinder Gas) with a pressure regulator and hydraulic accumulator, or
6.2.1.1 Pump, capable of applying essentially continuously increasing internal hydraulic pressure to the test specimen.
6.3 Pressure Gage, Indicating System: having a precision of not less than 1 % of full-scale deflection with a maximum
indicating hand. The pressure gage shall be selected such that the final readings are in the mid-60 % of the scale. The gage should
be equipped with a surge protection device.
6.3.1 Pressure Gauges—When used, mechanical pressure gauges shall have a precision within 1 % of full-scale deflection with
a maximum indicating hand.
6.3.2 Pressure Transducers—When used, pressure transducers shall have a precision with 1% of full-scale deflection. The
system shall have the capability to save the maximum test pressure for retrival and display after the completion of the test.
6.3.3 The gage pressure indicating apparatus (gauge or pressure transducer) shall be located in the test system at a location such
that it only indicates pressure on the specimen and does not indicate pressure built up by water flowing in the supply lines to the
specimen.
NOTE 3—The pressure indicating apparatus (gauge or pressure transducer) should be equipped with a pressure surge protection device.
NOTE 4—When testing materials such as Polyolefins that change in volume greatly before rupture, a large diameter water supply line or location of
the gauge on the specimen should be used to eliminate erroneous readings caused by the pressure drop in the water supply line.
NOTE 3—When testing materials such as Polyolefins that change in volume greatly before rupture, a large diameter water supply line or location of
the gage on the specimen should be used to eliminate erroneous readings caused by the pressure drop in the water supply line.
6.4 Timing Device—Stop watch or equivalent.
6.5 Specimen End Closures:
6.5.1 Pipe or Tubing—Either free-end or restrained-end closures, that will withstand the maximum test pressures, may be used.
Closures shall be designed so that they do not cause failure of the specimen. Free-end closures shall be used for referee tests.
NOTE 5—Free-end closures fasten to the specimen so that internal pressure produces longitudinal tensile stresses in addition to hoop and
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