ASTM D6598-19
(Guide)Standard Guide for Installing and Operating Settlement Points for Monitoring Vertical Deformations
Standard Guide for Installing and Operating Settlement Points for Monitoring Vertical Deformations
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Earthen fills are often constructed as engineered structures, for example, dams, or to support engineered structures, for examples, roads or buildings. The weight of the fill may compress or deform the supporting soil or rock foundation resulting in settlement of the soil throughout and beneath the embankment. Temporary embankments or surcharge fills are constructed to increase the strength and/or reduce the compressibility of foundation soils prior to placement of the actual foundation or structure. The designers often monitor the settlement of the earth structure as a function of time to document the magnitude and rate of settlement, to evaluate the potential for future settlement, or to confirm the effectiveness of the surcharge and the schedule for its removal. The monitoring is performed using settlement points installed prior to or during the embankment construction. A settlement point provides an accessible survey point that settles with a selected soil horizon within or below the embankment. Careful design and installation of the settlement point can isolate the survey point from extraneous sources of movement such as frost-induced heave, compression within the embankment, or volume changes caused by moisture gain or loss.
5.2 Various settlement point designs have been developed by the agencies and practitioners that use them. This standard guide provides designs and procedures that can be referred to in design guidelines, specifications and reports.
5.3 This standard guide is not meant to restrict the use of other equally appropriate designs and procedures for the fabrication, installation, operation, and reading of settlement points to monitor deformations in earthen deposits during and after construction.
Note 2: Notwithstanding the statements on precision and bias contained in this guide, the precision of this guide is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencie...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides recommended designs and procedures for the fabrication, installation, operation, and reading of settlement point(s) to determine the magnitude and rate of foundation, fill settlements, or both generally under a fill or embankment load. Two types of settlement points are described – those being monitored by elevation surveys from an external bench mark and those that include an internal reference system supported on unyielding soil or rock beneath the compressible layer(s) of interest.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgement. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barrie...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D6598 −19
Standard Guide for
Installing and Operating Settlement Points for Monitoring
1
Vertical Deformations
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6598; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This guide provides recommended designs and proce-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
dures for the fabrication, installation, operation, and reading of
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
settlement point(s) to determine the magnitude and rate of
Fluids
foundation, fill settlements, or both generally under a fill or
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
embankmentload.Twotypesofsettlementpointsaredescribed
Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
– those being monitored by elevation surveys from an external
Used in Engineering Design and Construction
bench mark and those that include an internal reference system
D5092 Practice for Design and Installation of Groundwater
supported on unyielding soil or rock beneath the compressible
Monitoring Wells
layer(s) of interest.
D5782 Guide for Use of Direct Air-Rotary Drilling for
Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D5872 Guide for Use of Casing Advancement Drilling
standard.
Methods for Geoenvironmental Exploration and Installa-
1.3 This guide offers an organized collection of information
tion of Subsurface Water Quality Monitoring Devices
or a series of options and does not recommend a specific
D5876 Guide for Use of Direct Rotary Wireline Casing
course of action. This document cannot replace education or
Advancement Drilling Methods for Geoenvironmental
experience and should be used in conjunction with professional
Exploration and Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality
judgement. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in
Monitoring Devices
all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to
D6914 Practice for Sonic Drilling for Site Characterization
represent or replace the standard of care by which the
and the Installation of Subsurface Monitoring Devices
adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor
should this document be applied without consideration of a
3. Terminology
project’s many unique aspects. The word “standard” in the
title of this document means only that the document has been 3.1 Definitions:
approved through the ASTM consensus process.
3.1.1 For definitions of common technical terms in this
standard, refer to Terminology D653.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.1 anchor, n—a device that holds the settlement point
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
systeminplaceandservesasafixedreferencepointatthebase
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of a settlement point system.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2.2 extendible riser, n—a metal shaft or pipe that can be
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
incrementally lengthened using sections of the same material
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
and appropriate couplings as fill is placed and compacted to
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
ensure that the top of the riser remains above the level of the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
surrounding ground surface.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock
2
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.23 on Field Instrumentation. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019. Published November 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D6598–11. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D6598-19. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6598 − 11 D6598 − 19
Standard Guide for
Installing and Operating Settlement PlatformsPoints for
1
Monitoring Vertical Deformations
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6598; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This guide provides recommended designs and procedures for the fabrication, installation, operation, and reading of
settlement platformpoint(s) to determine the magnitude and rate of foundation, fill settlements, or both generally under a fill or
embankment load. Two types of settlement platformspoints are described – those being monitored by elevation surveys from an
external bench mark and those that include an internal reference system supported on unyielding soil or rock beneath the
compressible layer(s) of interest.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
1.3 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course
of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgement.
Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace
the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied
without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “standard” in the title of this document means only that the
document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
1.4 This guidestandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this guidestandard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course
of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgement.
Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace
the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied
without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “standard” in the title of this document means only that the
document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in
Engineering Design and Construction
D5092 Practice for Design and Installation of Groundwater Monitoring Wells
D5782 Guide for Use of Direct Air-Rotary Drilling for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface
Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
D5872 Guide for Use of Casing Advancement Drilling Methods for Geoenvironmental Exploration and Installation of
Subsurface Water Quality Monitoring Devices
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.23 on Field Instrumentation.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011Nov. 1, 2019. Published January 2012November 2019. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20072011
as D6598–07.–11. DOI: 10.1520/D6598-11.10.1520/D6598-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
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