ASTM F2178-17a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining the Arc Rating and Standard Specification for Eye or Face Protective Products
Standard Test Method for Determining the Arc Rating and Standard Specification for Eye or Face Protective Products
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended for the determination of the arc rating of a product/design, intended for use as eye or face protection for workers exposed to electric arcs.
5.1.1 Because of the variability of the arc exposure, different heat transmission values may be observed at individual sensors. The results of each sensor are evaluated in accordance with Section 12.
5.2 This test method maintains the specimen in a static, vertical position and does not involve movement except that resulting from the exposure.
5.3 This test method specifies a standard set of exposure conditions. Different exposure conditions may produce different results.
5.4 This specification covers the minimum performance criteria for arc resistance and other requirements for eye or face protective products used by workers who may be exposed to thermal hazards of momentary electric arcs or flame.
5.5 The purchaser has the option to perform or have performed any of these tests in order to verify the performance of the eye or face protective product. Claims for failure to meet the specification are subject to verification by the manufacturer.
Note 1: In addition to the standard set of exposure conditions, other conditions representative of the expected hazard may be used and shall be reported should this data be cited.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method and product specification is used to measure the arc rating and specify the requirements for products intended for use as eye or face protection for workers exposed to electric arcs that would generate heat flux values from 84 to 25 120 kW/m2 [2 to 600 cal/cm2s]. Products are tested as sold.
1.2 This test method determines an arc rating for eye or face protective products. The faceshield, safety spectacle, goggle or or other applicable portions of the complete product must meet ANSI Z87.1. This excludes the textile or non ANSI Z87.1 testable parts of the hood assemblies or other tested products. This standard does not measure optical and impact properties (see ANSI Z87.1) but does specify requirements for optical and impact properties.
1.3 The materials covered by this standard are in the form of faceshields attached to the head by protective helmets (hard hats), headgear, hood assemblies, safety spectacles or goggles. Faceshields, safety spectacles or goggles are tested with or without other face and head protective products, for example, sock hoods, balaclavas, sweat shirt hoods or jacket hoods.
1.3.1 Fabric layers used in the design of face protection products such as in hood, neck guards, balaclava, shall meet the requirements of Specification F1506. When fabrics are designed into the protection provided for eye or face protective products, the arc rating of fabric system shall be determined first by Test Method F1959/F1959M.
1.3.2 The arc rating of the eye or face protective product which requires fabric to provide protection to the face or head will not be higher than the lower arc rating of either the fabric system or the shield/visor assembly.
1.4 This test method shall be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to convective and radiant energy generated by an electric arc under controlled laboratory conditions and does not purport to predict damage from light other than the thermal aspects measured.
1.5 The values stated in SI units shall be regarded as standard except as noted. Within the text, alternate units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, alternate systems must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the systems described in the text may result in nonconformance with the method.
1.6 This standard does not purport to describe or appraise the effect of the electric arc fragmentation explosion and subsequent molten metal splatter, which involves the pressure wave containing molten metals and poss...
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Designation:F2178 −17a
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Arc Rating and Standard Specification for
1
Eye or Face Protective Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2178; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope under controlled laboratory conditions and does not purport to
predict damage from light other than the thermal aspects
1.1 This test method and product specification is used to
measured.
measure the arc rating and specify the requirements for
1.5 The values stated in SI units shall be regarded as
products intended for use as eye or face protection for workers
exposed to electric arcs that would generate heat flux values standard except as noted. Within the text, alternate units are
2 2
showninbrackets.Thevaluesstatedineachsystemmaynotbe
from 84 to 25120 kW⁄m [2 to 600 cal/cm s]. Products are
tested as sold. exact equivalents; therefore, alternate systems must be used
independentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthesystems
1.2 Thistestmethoddeterminesanarcratingforeyeorface
described in the text may result in nonconformance with the
protectiveproducts.Thefaceshield,safetyspectacle,goggleor
method.
orotherapplicableportionsofthecompleteproductmustmeet
1.6 This standard does not purport to describe or appraise
ANSI Z87.1. This excludes the textile or non ANSI Z87.1
the effect of the electric arc fragmentation explosion and
testable parts of the hood assemblies or other tested products.
This standard does not measure optical and impact properties subsequent molten metal splatter, which involves the pressure
wavecontainingmoltenmetalsandpossiblefragmentsofother
(seeANSIZ87.1)butdoesspecifyrequirementsforopticaland
impact properties. materialsexcepttotheextentthatheatenergytransmissiondue
tothesearcexplosionphenomenaisreducedbytestspecimens.
1.3 Thematerialscoveredbythisstandardareintheformof
1.7 This standard shall not be used to describe or appraise
faceshields attached to the head by protective helmets (hard
the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products,orassemblies
hats), headgear, hood assemblies, safety spectacles or goggles.
under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may
Faceshields, safety spectacles or goggles are tested with or
be used as elements of a fire assessment which takes into
without other face and head protective products, for example,
account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment
sock hoods, balaclavas, sweat shirt hoods or jacket hoods.
of the fire hazard of a particular end use.
1.3.1 Fabric layers used in the design of face protection
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
products such as in hood, neck guards, balaclava, shall meet
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the requirements of Specification F1506. When fabrics are
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
designedintotheprotectionprovidedforeyeorfaceprotective
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
products, the arc rating of fabric system shall be determined
minetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.For
first by Test Method F1959/F1959M.
specific precautions, see Section 7.
1.3.2 The arc rating of the eye or face protective product
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
which requires fabric to provide protection to the face or head
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
will not be higher than the lower arc rating of either the fabric
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
system or the shield/visor assembly.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.4 This test method shall be used to measure and describe
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
to convective and radiant energy generated by an electric arc
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F18 on
Electrical Protective Equipment for Workers and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee F18.65 on Wearing Apparel. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2017. Published October 2017. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as F2178–17. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/F2178-17A. the ASTM website.
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F2178 − 17 F2178 − 17a
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Arc Rating and Standard Specification for
1
Eye or Face Protective Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2178; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method and product specification is used to measure the arc rating and specify the requirements for products
intended for use as eye or face protection for workers exposed to electric arcs that would generate heat flux values from 84 to
2 2
25 120 kW ⁄m [2 to 600 cal/cm s]. Products are tested as sold.
1.2 This test method determines an arc rating for eye or face protective products. The faceshield, safety spectacle, goggle or or
other applicable portions of the complete product must meet ANSI Z87.1. This excludes the textile or non ANSI Z87.1 testable
parts of the hood assemblies or other tested products. This standard does not measure optical and impact properties (see ANSI
Z87.1) but does specify requirements for optical and impact properties.
1.3 The materials covered by this standard are in the form of faceshields attached to the head by protective helmets (hard hats),
headgear, hood assemblies, safety spectacles or goggles. Faceshields, safety spectacles or goggles are tested with or without other
face and head protective products, for example, sock hoods, balaclavas, sweat shirt hoods or jacket hoods.
1.3.1 Fabric layers used in hood assemblies or other items tested under this standard the design of face protection products such
as in hood, neck guards, balaclava, shall meet the requirements of Specification F1506. When fabrics are designed into the
protection provided for eye or face protective products, the arc rating of fabric system shall be determined first by Test Method
F1959/F1959M.
1.3.2 The arc rating of the eye or face protective product which requires fabric to provide protection to the face or head will
not be higher than the lower arc rating of either the fabric system or the shield/visor assembly.
1.4 This test method shall be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to
convective and radiant energy generated by an electric arc under controlled laboratory conditions and does not purport to predict
damage from light other than the thermal aspects measured.
1.5 The values stated in SI units shall be regarded as standard except as noted. Within the text, alternate units are shown in
brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, alternate systems must be used independently
of the other. Combining values from the systems described in the text may result in nonconformance with the method.
1.6 This standard does not purport to describe or appraise the effect of the electric arc fragmentation explosion and subsequent
molten metal splatter, which involves the pressure wave containing molten metals and possible fragments of other materials except
to the extent that heat energy transmission due to these arc explosion phenomena is reduced by test specimens.
1.7 This standard shall not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under
actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire assessment which takes into account all of
the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific precautions, see Section 7.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F18 on Electrical Protective Equipment for Workers and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F18.65 on Wearing Apparel.
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