ASTM D3840-01(2005)

Standard Specification for "Fiberglass" (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe Fittings for Nonpressure Applications

ABSTRACT
This specification covers fiberglass pipe fittings intended for use in gravity flow systems for conveying sanitary sewage, storm water, and those industrial wastes for which the fittings are determined to be suitable. Laminating resins shall be classified as Types 1 and 2. Reinforcements shall be classified as Grades 1 and 2. Ultimate tensile strength; maximum shear strength; and dimension tests shall be performed to conform the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers fiberglass pipe fittings intended for use in gravity flow systems for conveying sanitary sewage, storm water, and those industrial wastes for which the fittings are determined to be suitable. Elbows, tees, laterals, crosses, reducers, and adapters are included. Both glass-fiber-reinforced and thermosetting-resin pipe (RTRP) and glass-fiber-reinforced plastic mortar pipe (RPMP) are fiberglass pipes.  
Note 1—For the purpose of this standard, polymer does not include natural polymers.
1.2 This specification is intended to cover only dimensions, material properties, and workmanship rather than the structural design of the fittings. The structural design of the fittings shall be as agreed upon between purchaser and supplier and should take into consideration the anticipated conditions of installation and service.
1.3 This specification covers only fittings fabricated from cut sections of pipe, or from a combination of pipe sections and contact molded (hand layup), or machine fabricated components.  
1.4 The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 11, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
Note 2 —There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2005
• ICS: 23.040.45 - Plastics fittings
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.23 - Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Piping Systems and Chemical Equipment

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D3840-01 - Standard Specification for "Fiberglass" (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe Fittings for Nonpressure Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2005
• Replaced By: ASTM D3840-10 - Standard Specification for "Fiberglass" (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe Fittings for Nonpressure Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation: D3840 – 01 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Specification for
“Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin)
Pipe Fittings for Nonpressure Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3840; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification covers fiberglass pipe fittings in- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
tended for use in gravity flow systems for conveying sanitary D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
sewage, storm water, and those industrial wastes for which the D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
fittings are determined to be suitable. Elbows, tees, laterals, D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
crosses, reducers, and adapters are included. Both glass-fiber- Plastics
reinforced and thermosetting-resin pipe (RTRP) and glass- D1763 Specification for Epoxy Resins
fiber-reinforced ploymer mortar pipe (RPMP) are fiberglass D2290 Test Method for Apparent Hoop Tensile Strength of
pipes. Plastic or Reinforced Plastic Pipe by Split Disk Method
D3262 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-
NOTE 1—For the purposes of this standard, ploymer does not include
Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Sewer Pipe
natural polymers.
D3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of “Fiber-
1.2 This specification is intended to cover only dimensions,
glass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe
material properties, and workmanship rather than the structural
and Fittings
design of the fittings. The structural design of the fittings shall
D3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
be as agreed upon between purchaser and supplier and should
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
takeintoconsiderationtheanticipatedconditionsofinstallation
F477 SpecificationforElastomericSeals(Gaskets)forJoin-
and service.
ing Plastic Pipe
1.3 This specification covers only fittings fabricated from
cutsectionsofpipe,orfromacombinationofpipesectionsand
3. Terminology
contact molded (hand layup), or machine fabricated compo-
3.1 Definitions:
nents.
3.1.1 General—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
1.4 The values given in parentheses are provided for infor-
nologies D883 and F412.Abbreviations are in accordance with
mation purposes only.
Terminology D1600, unless otherwise indicated.
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
test method portion, Section 11, of this specification. This
3.2.1 fiberglass pipe—a tubular product containing glass
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
fiber reinforcements embedded in or surrounded by cured
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
thermosetting resin. The composite structure may contain
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
aggregate, granular or platelet fillers, thixotropic agents, pig-
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
ments or dyes. Thermoplastic or thermosetting liners or coat-
tions prior to use.
ings may be included.
3.2.2 reinforced polymer mortar pipe—a fiberglass pipe
NOTE 2—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.
with aggregate.
3.2.3 reinforced thermosetting resin pipe—a fiberglass pipe
without aggregate.
3.2.4 qualification—One or more tests used to prove the
design of a product. Not a routine quality control test.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.23 on Reinforced
Plastic Piping Systems and Chemical Equipment. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2005. Published November 2005. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D3840 – 01. This Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
specification replaces Specification D4160. DOI: 10.1520/D3840-01R05. the ASTM website.
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D3840 – 01 (2005)
NOTE 3—Qualification requirements appear in 6.1, 7.2, and 12.3.
suchpipesectionsandcontactmolded(handlayup)ormachine
fabricated components.
4. Materials
5.1.2 Saddles, wrappers, necked flanges, and other compo-
4.1 Laminating Resin:
nents of metal or other dissimilar materials may be incorpo-
4.1.1 Type 1—Polyester thermosetting resin, with or with-
rated as agreed upon between purchaser and supplier, provided
out fillers or thixotropic agents or both.
the materials of such components are resistant to the corrosive
effects of the internal and external environments anticipated in
NOTE 4—Forthepurposeofthisstandard,polyesterincludesvinylester
resins. service, or are lined or coated or both with materials that
provide equivalent protection.
4.1.2 Type 2—Epoxy resin, conforming to the requirements
5.2 Bonding and Laminate Overlay Reinforcements:
of Specification D1763, with or without fillers or thixotropic
agents, or both. 5.2.1 Sections of the fitting shall be aligned and bonded
together using polyester (Type 1) or epoxy (Type 2) resin
4.2 Reinforcement:
4.2.1 Grade 1 —A commercial grade of glass fibers with a materials with or without fiberglass reinforcement. Fiberglass
polyester-compatible finish. reinforcement materials shall be compatible with the laminat-
4.2.2 Grade 2—Acommercial grade of glass fibers with an ing resin; Grade 1 reinforcements shall be used with Type 1
epoxy-compatible finish. laminating resin, and Grade 2 reinforcements shall be used
4.3 Gaskets—The elastomeric gaskets used with the fittings with Type 2 laminating resin.
joined to pipe shall conform to the requirements of Specifica-
5.2.2 Laminated reinforcing overlays of bonded seams may
tion F477.
be applied to either the outside or inside surface of the fitting,
or to both inside and outside surfaces. The laminate shall be of
5. Fabrication
chemically resistant construction suitable for the purpose and
5.1 Permissible Components: shall provide the additional strength necessary to meet the
5.1.1 Fittings covered under this specification shall be physical requirements shown in Table 1. Finished seam over-
fabricated from cut section of pipe that conform to the lays shall be built up in two or more successive layers of
requirementsofSpecificationD3262, or from a combinationof reinforcement and shall be as crevice free as described in this
TABLE 1 Minimum Properties of Structural Laminates
Nominal Diameter, in. (mm) Minimum Hoop Tensile Minimum Axial Tensile Minimum Total Width of
B
Strength, lbf/in. (kN/m) of Strength, lbf/in. (kN/m) Overlay, in. (mm)
A A
width of circumference
8 (203) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)
10 (254) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)
12 (305) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)
14 (356) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)
15 (381) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)
16 (406) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)
18 (457) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)
20 (508) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)
21 (533) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)
24 (610) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)
27 (686) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)
30 (762) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)
33 (838) 1700 (300) 1700 (300) 6 (150)
36 (914) 1800 (315) 1800 (315) 6 (150)
39 (991) 2000 (350) 2000 (350) 6 (150)
42 (1067) 2100 (368) 2100 (368) 6 (150)
45 (1143) 2300 (403) 2300 (403) 6 (150)
48 (1219) 2400 (420) 2400 (420) 8 (200)
51 (1295) 2600 (455) 2600 (455) 8 (200)
54 (1372) 2700 (473) 2700 (473) 8 (200)
60 (1524) 3000 (525) 3000 (525) 8 (200)
66 (1676) 3300 (578) 3300 (578) 10 (250)
72 (1829) 3600 (630) 3600 (630) 10 (250)
78 (1981) 3900 (683) 3900 (683) 10 (250)
84 (2134) 4200 (736) 4200 (736) 12 (300)
90 (2286) 4500 (788) 4500 (788) 12 (300)
96 (2438) 4800 (841) 4800 (841) 14 (350)
102 (2591) 5100 (893) 5100 (893) 16 (400)
108 (2743) 5400 (946) 5400 (946) 16 (400)
114 (2896) 5700 (998) 5700 (998) 16 (400)
120 (3048) 6000 (1051) 6000 (1051) 16 (400)
132 (3353) 6600 (1156) 6600 (1156) 18 (450)
144 (3658) 7200 (1261) 7200 (1261) 20 (500)
A
The values given are minimums only. Sound engineering practice dictates that all fittings be designed to withstand the loads and conditions anticipated in the service
for which they are intended.
B
The dimensions given are minimums for“ butt-and-strap’’ type joints.
D3840 – 01 (2005)
A
TABLE 2 0° to 30° Elbow
paragraph and 5.2.3. The width of the first layer shall be 2 in.
(50 mm) minimum. Successive layers shall increase uniformly
in width to provide the specified minimum total width of
overlay that shall be centered on the seam. Table 1 shows
minimum widths of overlays required. The ends of each layer
of reinforcement shall be overlapped a minimum of 1 in. (25
mm). Crevices between joined sections shall be filled with a
filled resin paste, leaving a smooth inner surface. The interior
of the seams shall also be sealed by covering with not less than
a 0.03 in. (0.76 mm) thickness of reinforced resin-rich surface
that provides corrosion resistance suitable for the intended
B
Pipe Size, in. (mm) Dimension A , in. (mm)
service.Alternatively, when it is necessary to fabricate a fitting
where the size and configuration do not allow adequate access 8 (203) 12 (305)
10 (254) 13 (330)
to interior seams, the cut edges of sections shall be sealed prior
12 (305) 13 (330)
to assembly and any reinforcing overlay protected by a
14 (356) 14 (356)
resin-richsurfacethatprovidescorrosionresistancesuitablefor 15 (381) 14 (356)
16 (406) 15 (381)
the intended service.
18 (457) 15 (381)
5.2.3 Components of dissimilar materials, such as steel to
20 (508) 16 (406)
21 (533) 16 (406)
polyester or epoxy laminates, or polyester to epoxy laminates,
24 (610) 17 (432)
shall be bonded with a resin compound capable of adhering to
27 (686) 17 (432)
both materials. The resin compound shall contact the joining
30 (762) 18 (457)
33 (838) 18 (457)
surfaces of both components with the spaces between the
36 (914) 20 (508)
components filled. The excess resin compound that extrudes
39 (991) 21 (533)
from the seam shall be removed, leaving a smooth fillet.
42 (1067) 22 (559)
45 (1143) 23 (584)
Sealing laminates and reinforcing overlays shall be applied
48 (1219) 24 (610)
where required (see 5.1.1, 5.2.1, and 5.2.2).
54 (1372) 25 (635)
60 (1524) 26 (660)
66 (1676) 29 (737)
6. Joints
72 (1829) 29 (737)
6.1 The fitting joints shall be coupling or bell-and-spigot in
78 (1981) 30 (762)
84 (2134) 34 (864)
accordancewiththejointrequirementsofSpecificationD3262,
90 (2286) 36 (914)
unless otherwise specified. Joint designs may be qualified on
96 (2438) 38 (965)
straight sections of pipe.
102 (2591) 39 (991)
108 (2743) 41 (1041)
A
7. Physical Requirements Fitting end configurations other than the typical bell and spigot shown in the
figureareacceptableasagreeduponbetweenmanufacturerandpurchaser.Refer
7.1 Properties of structural laminates, used either as seam
to Section 6.
B
Dimensions given are typical minimum laying lengths. Laying lengths for
reinforcing overlays or as contact molded or machine fabri-
fittings larger than 108 in. diameter shall be as agreed upon between purchaser
cated components, other than cut sections of pipe, shall be as
and supplier.
shown in Table 1, when tested in accordance with 11.1.
7.2 Shear Strength—The minimum shear strength of seam
9. Workmanship, Finish, andAppearance
reinforcingoverlaysshallbe500psi(3.45MPa)whentestedin
9.1 The inside surfaces of each fitting shall blend smoothly
accordance with 11.2.
and shall be free of bulges, dents, ridges, or other irregularities
that result in a variation of more than ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) from that
8. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
obtained on adjacent portions of the surface.
8.1 Wall Thickness—The wall thickness of any area of the
fitting furnished under this specification shall not at any point
NOTE 5—This requirement is concerned with roughness and waviness
be less than 87.5 % of the nominal wall thickness published in and does not apply to diameter tolerances or thickness of internal seam
reinforcement if present. See 8.2 for inside diameter tolerances, including
the manufacturers’ literature current at the time of purchase
internal reinforcement.
when measured in accordance with 11.3.1.
8.2 Fitting Diameters—Fittings shall be supplied in nomi- 9.2 Joint sealing surfaces shall be free of dents, gouges,
nal diameters as given in Specification D3262. The fitting cracks, and other surface imperfections that will affect the
diameter tolerances shall be as given in Specification D3262, integrity of the joints.
when measured in accordance with 11.3.2. 9.3 The inner surface of each reinforced plastic fitting
8.3 Lengths—The tolerance for the laying length and other component and connecting seam shall be composed of resin
significant dimensions shall be 62 in. (651 mm) or 61%of with or without reinforcement, aggregate, or filler. No glass
the dimension, whichever is greater. See Tables 2-6 and Figs. fiber-reinforcement shall penetrate the interior surface of the
1 and 2 for typical minimum laying lengths. fitting wall.
8.4 Angular Dimensions—Angular dimensions shall have a 9.4 Internal and external reinforcements shall be free of
tolerance of 61° when measured in accordance with 11.3.4. voids, dry spots, cracks, and crazing. Some waviness in the
D3840 – 01 (2005)
A A
TABLE 3 31° to 60° Elbow TABLE 4 61° to 90° Elbow
B
Pipe Size, in. Dimension C , R1 (45°), in.
(mm) in. (mm) (mm)
8 (203) 18.5 (470) 12.0 (305)
B
Pipe Size, in. Dimension E , R2 (90°), in.
10 (254) 19.5 (495) 15.0 (381)
(mm) in. (mm) (mm)
12 (305) 20.5 (521) 18.0 (457)
14 (356) 22.0 (559) 21.0 (533)
8 (203) 26.0 (660) 12.0 (305)
15 (381) 22.5 (572) 22.5 (572)
10 (254) 28.5 (724) 15.0 (381)
16 (406) 23.0 (584) 24.0 (610)
12 (305) 31.0 (787) 18.0 (457)
18 (457) 25.0 (635) 27.0 (686)
14 (356) 34.5 (876) 21.0 (533)
20 (508) 25.5 (648) 30.0 (762)
15 (381) 35.5 (902) 22.5 (572)
21 (533) 26.0 (660) 31.5 (800)
16 (406) 37.0 (940) 24.0 (610)
24 (610) 27.5 (699) 36.0 (914)
18 (457) 40.5 (1029) 27.0 (686)
27 (686) 28.5 (724) 40.5 (1029)
20 (508) 43.0 (1092) 30.0 (762)
30 (762) 31.0 (787) 45.0 (1143)
21 (533) 44.0 (1118) 31.5 (800)
33 (838) 33.0 (838) 49.5 (1257)
24 (610) 46.0 (1219) 36.0 (914)
36 (914) 34.5 (876) 54.0 (1372)
27 (686) 49.0 (13
...