ASTM A889/A889M-03(2008)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Alternating-Current Magnetic Properties of Materials at Low Magnetic Flux Density Using the Voltmeter-Ammeter-Wattmeter-Varmeter Method and 25-cm Epstein Frame
Standard Test Method for Alternating-Current Magnetic Properties of Materials at Low Magnetic Flux Density Using the Voltmeter-Ammeter-Wattmeter-Varmeter Method and 25-cm Epstein Frame
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method may be used to determine the specific core loss, specific reactive power, specific exciting power, inductance permeability, and impedance permeability of flat-rolled magnetic materials over a wide range of inductions and at frequencies up to 400 Hz for symmetrically magnetized test samples.
These measurements are used by the producer and user of the flat-rolled material for quality control purposes. The fundamental assumption inherent in these measurements is that they can be correlated with the electromagnetic characteristics of a core fabricated from the flat-rolled material.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers tests for the magnetic properties of basic flat-rolled magnetic materials at power frequencies (25 to 400 Hz) using a 25-cm Epstein test frame and the 25-cm double-lap-jointed core.
1.2 The magnetic properties of materials are determined from measurements on Epstein core specimens with the core and test coils treated as though they constituted a series-parallel equivalent circuit (Fig. A1.1) for the fundamental frequency of excitation where the apparent parallel inductance, L1, and resistance, R1, are attributable to the test specimen.
1.3 This test method is suitable for the determination of core loss, rms volt-amperes, rms exciting current, reactive volt-amperes, and related properties of flat-rolled magnetic materials under ac magnetization.
1.4 The frequency range of this test method is normally that of the commercial power frequencies 50 to 60 Hz. It is also acceptable for measurements at frequencies from 25 to 400 Hz. This test method is customarily used on nonoriented electrical steels at inductions up to 10 kG [1.0 T] and for grain-oriented electrical steels at inductions up to 15 kG [1.5 T].
1.5 For reactive properties, both flux and current waveforms introduce limitations. Over its range of useful inductions, the varmeter is valid for the measurement of reactive volt-amperes (vars) and inductance permeability. For the measurement of these properties, it is suggested that test inductions be limited to values sufficiently low that the measured values of vars do not differ by more than 15 % (Note 1) from those calculated from the measured values of exciting volt-amperes and core loss.
Note 1—This limitation is placed on this test method in consideration of the nonlinear nature of the magnetic circuit, which leads to a difference between vars based on fundamental frequency components of voltage and current and current after harmonic rejection and vars computed from rms current, voltage, and watt values when one or more of these quantities are nonsinusoidal.
1.6 This test method shall be used in conjunction with Practice A 34/A 34M.
1.7 Explanation of terms, symbols, and definitions used may be found in the various sections of this test method. The official list of definitions and symbols may be found in Terminology A 340.
1.8 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Within this standard, SI units are shown in brackets.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to its use.
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Designation: A889/A889M − 03(Reapproved 2008)
Standard Test Method for
Alternating-Current Magnetic Properties of Materials at Low
Magnetic Flux Density Using the Voltmeter-Ammeter-
1
Wattmeter-Varmeter Method and 25-cm Epstein Frame
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA889/A889M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
current and current after harmonic rejection and vars computed from rms
1. Scope
current, voltage, and watt values when one or more of these quantities are
1.1 This test method covers tests for the magnetic properties
nonsinusoidal.
ofbasicflat-rolledmagneticmaterialsatpowerfrequencies(25
1.6 This test method shall be used in conjunction with
to 400 Hz) using a 25-cm Epstein test frame and the 25-cm
Practice A34/A34M.
double-lap-jointed core.
1.7 Explanationofterms,symbols,anddefinitionsusedmay
1.2 The magnetic properties of materials are determined
befoundinthevarioussectionsofthistestmethod.Theofficial
from measurements on Epstein core specimens with the core
list of definitions and symbols may be found in Terminology
andtestcoilstreatedasthoughtheyconstitutedaseries-parallel
A340.
equivalent circuit (Fig.A1.1) for the fundamental frequency of
1.8 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
excitation where the apparent parallel inductance, L , and
1
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
resistance, R , are attributable to the test specimen.
1
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
1.3 Thistestmethodissuitableforthedeterminationofcore
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
loss, rms volt-amperes, rms exciting current, reactive volt-
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
amperes, and related properties of flat-rolled magnetic materi-
with the standard. Within this standard, SI units are shown in
als under ac magnetization.
brackets.
1.4 The frequency range of this test method is normally that
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
of the commercial power frequencies 50 to 60 Hz. It is also
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
acceptable for measurements at frequencies from 25 to 400 Hz.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
This test method is customarily used on nonoriented electrical
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
steels at inductions up to 10 kG [1.0 T] and for grain-oriented
bility of regulatory limitations prior to its use.
electrical steels at inductions up to 15 kG [1.5 T].
2. Referenced Documents
1.5 Forreactiveproperties,bothfluxandcurrentwaveforms
2
introduce limitations. Over its range of useful inductions, the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
varmeter is valid for the measurement of reactive volt-amperes
A34/A34M Practice for Sampling and Procurement Testing
(vars) and inductance permeability. For the measurement of
of Magnetic Materials
these properties, it is suggested that test inductions be limited
A340 Terminology of Symbols and Definitions Relating to
to values sufficiently low that the measured values of vars do
Magnetic Testing
not differ by more than 15 % (Note 1) from those calculated
A343/A343M Test Method for Alternating-Current Mag-
from the measured values of exciting volt-amperes and core
netic Properties of Materials at Power Frequencies Using
loss.
Wattmeter-Ammeter-Voltmeter Method and 25-cm Ep-
stein Test Frame
NOTE 1—This limitation is placed on this test method in consideration
of the nonlinear nature of the magnetic circuit, which leads to a difference
3. Significance and Use
between vars based on fundamental frequency components of voltage and
3.1 This test method may be used to determine the specific
core loss, specific reactive power, specific exciting power,
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06 on
MagneticPropertiesandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA06.01onTest
2
Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2008. Published June 2008. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as A889/A889M-03. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/A0889_A0889M-03R08. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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A889/A889M − 03 (2008)
inductance permeability, and imped
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:A 889/A889M–93 (Reapproved 1998) Designation:A889/A889M–03
(Reapproved 2008)
Standard Test Method for
Alternating-Current Magnetic Properties of Materials at Low
Inductions Magnetic Flux Density Using the Wattmeter-
Varmeter-Ammeter-VoltmeterVoltmeter-Ammeter-Wattmeter-
1
Varmeter Method and 25-cm [250-mm] Epstein Frame
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 889/A 889M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers tests for the magnetic properties of basic flat-rolled magnetic materials at power frequencies [25(25
to 400 Hz]Hz) using a 25-cm [250-mm] Epstein test frame and the 25-cm [250-mm] double-lap-jointed core.
1.2 The magnetic properties of materials are determined from measurements on Epstein core specimens with the core and test
coils treated as though they constituted a series-parallel equivalent circuit (Fig.A1.1) for the fundamental frequency of excitation
where the apparent parallel inductance, L , and resistance, R , are attributable to the test specimen.
1 1
1.3 Thistestmethodissuitableforthedeterminationofcoreloss,rmsvolt-amperes,rmsexcitingcurrent,reactivevolt-amperes,
and related properties of flat-rolled magnetic materials under ac magnetization.
1.4 The frequency range of this test method is normally that of the commercial power frequencies 50 to 60 Hz. It is also
acceptable for measurements at frequencies from 25 to 400 Hz. This test method is customarily used on nonoriented electrical
steels at inductions up to 10 kG [1.0 T] and for grain-oriented electrical steels at inductions up to 15 kG [1.5 T].
1.5 For reactive properties, both flux and current waveforms introduce limitations. Over its range of useful inductions, the
varmeter is valid for the measurement of reactive volt-amperes (vars) and inductance permeability. For the measurement of these
properties, it is suggested that test inductions be limited to values sufficiently low that the measured values of vars do not differ
by more than 15 % (Note 1) from those calculated from the measured values of exciting volt-amperes and core loss.
NOTE 1—This limitation is placed on this test method in consideration of the nonlinear nature of the magnetic circuit, which leads to a difference
between vars based on fundamental frequency components of voltage and current and current after harmonic rejection and vars computed from rms
current, voltage, and watt values when one or more of these quantities are nonsinusoidal.
1.6 This test method shall be used in conjunction with Practice A 34/A 34M.
1.7 Explanation of terms, symbols, and definitions used may be found in the various sections of this test method. The official
list of definitions and symbols may be found in Terminology A 340.
1.8This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to its use.
1.9The values stated in either customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard.
Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the systems may result in nonconformance with this test
method.
1.8 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Within this standard, SI units are shown in brackets.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to its use.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA-6A06 on Magnetic Properties and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA06.01 onTest Methods.
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 1993.May
...
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