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ASTM F2825-10e1

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Climatic Stressing of Packaging Systems for Single Parcel Delivery

Standard Practice for Climatic Stressing of Packaging Systems for Single Parcel Delivery

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice provides a method for conditioning packaging systems using climatic conditions that occur in actual distribution. The recommended exposure levels are based on available information on shipping, handling and storage environments, current industry practices, and published studies. They are not absolute extremes, but recorded daily averages in cold and hot climates of the world.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides a uniform basis for evaluating, in a laboratory, the ability of a packaging system to withstand a range of climatic stresses that a packaging system may be exposed to during distribution throughout the world and still provide the product protection from damage or alteration.
1.2 This practice is designed as conditioning prior to testing for overnight or two-day delivery systems of a single parcel packaging system or as a standalone test for climatic stressing of packaging systems.
1.3 This practice does not cover refrigerated, frozen food storage, or cryogenic storage conditions. Only the climatic environments encountered in various regions of the world are covered by this practice.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Nov-2010
ICS
55.040 - Packaging materials and accessories
Technical Committee
F02 - Primary Barrier Packaging
Drafting Committee
F02.50 - Package Design and Development
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM F2825-10 - Standard Practice for Climatic Stressing of Packaging Systems for Single Parcel Delivery
Effective Date
01-Dec-2010
Replaced By
ASTM F2825-10(2015) - Standard Practice for Climatic Stressing of Packaging Systems for Single Parcel Delivery
Effective Date
01-Oct-2015
Referred By
ASTM D4332-22 - Standard Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or Packaging Components for Testing
Effective Date
01-Dec-2010
Referred By
ASTM F2097-20 - Standard Guide for Design and Evaluation of Primary Flexible Packaging for Medical Products
Effective Date
01-Dec-2010
Referred By
ASTM E171/E171M-11(2020) - Standard Practice for Conditioning and Testing Flexible Barrier Packaging
Effective Date
01-Dec-2010

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ASTM F2825-10e1 - Standard Practice for Climatic Stressing of Packaging Systems for Single Parcel DeliveryASTM F2825-10e1 - Standard Practice for Climatic Stressing of Packaging Systems for Single Parcel Delivery
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ASTM F2825-10e1 - Standard Practice for Climatic Stressing of Packaging Systems for Single Parcel Delivery
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: F2825 − 10
StandardPractice for
Climatic Stressing of Packaging Systems for Single Parcel
1
Delivery
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2825; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—Table 1 was editorially corrected in December 2010.
1. Scope F17 Terminology Relating to Flexible Barrier Packaging
3
2.2 ISO Standard:
1.1 This practice provides a uniform basis for evaluating, in
ISO 2233 Packaging—Complete,FilledTransportPackages:
a laboratory, the ability of a packaging system to withstand a
Conditioning for Testing
range of climatic stresses that a packaging system may be
exposed to during distribution throughout the world and still
3. Terminology
provide the product protection from damage or alteration.
3.1 Definitions:
1.2 This practice is designed as conditioning prior to testing
3.1.1 Fordefinitionsusedinthispractice,seeTerminologies
for overnight or two-day delivery systems of a single parcel
D996 and F17.
packaging system or as a standalone test for climatic stressing
3.1.2 climatic stressing—exposing packaging system test
of packaging systems.
samples to conditions of temperature and humidity for a
specified period of time which would simulate expected
1.3 This practice does not cover refrigerated, frozen food
storage, or cryogenic storage conditions. Only the climatic conditions seen in the defined storage and distribution system.
environments encountered in various regions of the world are
4. Summary of Practice
covered by this practice.
4.1 Products shipped through the distribution environment,
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
regardless of mode of transportation, encounter various cli-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
matic and physical environments as they pass through different
standard.
parts of the world at various times of the year. This practice is
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
designed to provide guidance when establishing the climatic
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
stressesimpartedtopackagingsystemsusingexpectedclimatic
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
conditions and durations that they can encounter in distribution
and are not considered standard.
in order to evaluate its ability to provide protection to the
package contents or devices.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Significance and Use
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
5.1 This practice provides a method for conditioning pack-
ments
aging systems using climatic conditions that occur in actual
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or
distribution. The recommended exposure levels are based on
Packaging Components for Testing
available information on shipping, handling and storage
E337 Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psy-
environments, current industry practices, and published stud-
chrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Tem-
ies. They are not absolute extremes, but recorded daily aver-
peratures)
ages in cold and hot climates of the world.
1 6. Apparatus
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on Flexible
Barrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.50 on
6.1 Room (or Cabinet) of such size that sample containers
Package Design and Development.
or packages may be individually exposed to circulating air at
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published December 2010. DOI:
10.1520/F2825–10E01.
the temperature and relative humidity chosen.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
F2825 − 10
TABLE 1 Climatic Conditions
NOTE1—Thetimebetweeneachconditionshouldbedocumentedinthetestplan.Itcanbedeterminedbytheuser.Itmaybeaslittleasnotimebetween
conditions (worst case) or up to several hours depending on factors as distribution environment data, test facility capacities and test schedules. If the
anticipated time between exposures will exceed one hour, a controlled storage condition such as 23 ± 5°C and 50 ± 10 % relative humid
...

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ASTM F392/F392M-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Conditioning Flexible Barrier Materials for Flex Durability

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is valuable in determining the resistance of flexible packaging materials to flex-formed pinholes. Conditioning levels A, B, or C are typically used. Reference Practice E171 and Guide F2097.  
5.2 Conditions D and E are typically used for determining the effect of flexing on barrier properties and transmission rates related to gas and/or moisture.  
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1.1 This practice covers conditioning of flexible barrier materials for the determination of flex resistance. Subsequent testing can be performed to determine the effects of flexing on material properties. These tests are beyond the scope of this practice.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
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4.1 Seal strength is a quantitative measure for use in process validation, capability, and control. Seal strength is not only relevant to opening force and package integrity, but to measuring the packaging processes’ ability to produce consistent seals. Seal strength at some minimum level is a necessary package requirement, and at times it is also desirable to have an upper limit to the strength of the seal to facilitate opening.
Note 1: Seal strength values are a measurement of the output of the seal separation and may also involve mechanical properties of the materials that form the seal, given the potential for deformation or elongation over the course of the test. This separation is indicative of the area of the package being sampled and does not take into account simulation of a user interfacing with an entire package during the opening process.
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4.2.1 Technique A: Unsuppor...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the strength of seals in flexible barrier materials.  
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Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Flexible Packaging Films Using a Reciprocating Weighted Stylus

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Materials such as engineered thermoplastic films are often used for flexible barrier packaging. However, handling and transportation can cause abrasion to the packaging film and possibly compromise the integrity of the contents (for example, sterility of a medical device). This test method provides a comparative ranking of material performance that can be used as an indication of relative end-use performance.  
5.2 The resistance of material surfaces to abrasion, as measured on a testing machine under laboratory conditions, is only one of several factors contributing to wear performance or durability as experienced in the actual use of the material. While abrasion resistance and durability are frequently related, the relationship varies with different end uses and different factors may be necessary in any calculation of predicted durability from specific abrasion data.  
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5.1 Two procedures, A and B, are outlined in this test method. Procedure A is used most often for development of various beverage container designs to determine the functional characteristics of the package in regard to shelf life. Procedure B is recommended for use in beverage filling operations as a quality control tool in maintaining the desired CO2 fill pressure. A loss of CO2 will affect product taste.  
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5.1 This test method is intended to measure volatile organic compounds that are emitted from packaging materials under high-temperature conditions.  
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1.6 This test method does not address the determination of total retained solvents in a packaging material. Techniques such as multiple headspace extraction can be employed to this end. The analyst is referred to the manual supplied with the GC-Autosampling system for guidance.  
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4.1 This test method provides a means for measuring a thickness dimension. Accurate measurement of thickness can be critical to meeting specifications and characterizing process, product, and material performance.  
4.2 This test method does not address acceptability criteria. These need to be jointly determined by the user and producer of the product. Repeatability and reproducibility of measurement is shown in the Precision and Bias section. Attention should be given to the inherent variability of materials being measured as this can affect measurement outcome.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of thickness of flexible packaging materials using contact micrometers.  
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1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
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ASTM F34-13(2023)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Construction of Test Cell for Liquid Extraction of Flexible Barrier Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Knowledge of extractives from flexible barrier materials may serve many useful purposes. A test cell constructed as described in this practice may be used for obtaining such data. Another test cell has been found equivalent to the one described in this practice. See the appendix for the source of the alternate cell.  
5.2 United States Federal Regulations 21CFR 176.170 (d)(3), 21CFR 177.1330 (e)(4), 21CFR 177.1360 (b), 21CFR 177.1670 (b), and 21CFR Appendix VI (b) cite this standard practice as the basis for determining the amount of extractables from the surface of a package or multilayer film or modified paper in contact with food. In some cases, it is the only practice defined for this purpose. No alternative detail is given in the regulations for conducting extractions.  
5.3 Test Method D4754 is not an equivalent to this test method. It is for two-sided extraction of films having the same material on both of the exposed surfaces of the film.
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1.1 This practice covers the construction of test cells which may be used for the extraction of components from flexible barrier materials by suitable extracting liquids, including foods and food simulating solvents.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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4.1 This test method is valuable in the development and selection of flexible barrier materials suited for use as grease barriers.  
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1.1 This test method provides standard conditions for determining the rate of grease penetration of flexible barrier materials. Pinholes, which can be measured by a separate test, will increase the rate of grease penetration as determined by this test method.  
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ASTM F2391-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measuring Package and Seal Integrity Using Helium as the Tracer Gas

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The vacuum, bubble test method, as described in Test Method D3078, and various other leak detection methods described elsewhere (Test Method D4991, Guide E432, Test Method E493, Test Method E498, Test Method E499, and Test Method E1603) have been successfully used widely in various industries and applications to determine that a given package is or is not a “leaker.” The sensitivity of any selected leak test method has to be considered to determine its applicability to a specific situation.  
5.2 The procedures presented in this test method allow the user to carry out package and seal integrity testing with sufficient sensitivity to quantify seals in the previously defined moderate to fine seal ranges.  
5.3 By employing seal-isolating leak testing fixtures, packages constructed of various materials can be tested in the full range of seal performance requirements. Design of these fixtures is beyond the scope of this method.  
5.4 These seal/package integrity test procedures can be utilized as:  
5.4.1 A design tool,  
5.4.2 For tooling qualification,  
5.4.3 Process setup,  
5.4.4 Process validation tool,  
5.4.5 Quality assurance monitoring, or  
5.4.6 Research and development.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method includes several procedures that can be used for the measurement of overall package and seal barrier performance of a variety of package types and package forms, as well as seal/closure types. The basic elements of this method include:  
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1.2 Two procedures are described; however the supporting data in Section 14 only reflects Procedure B (Vacuum Mode). The alternative, Sniffer Mode, has proven to be a valuable procedure for many applications, but may have more variability due to exactly the manner that the operator conducts the test such as whether the package is squeezed, effect of multiple small leaks compared to fewer large leaks, background helium concentration, package permeability and speed at which the scan is conducted. Further testing to quantify this procedure’s variability is anticipated, but not included in this version.  
1.2.1 Procedure A: Sniffer Mode—the package is scanned externally for helium escaping into the atmosphere or fixture.  
1.2.2 Procedure B: Vacuum Mode—the helium containing package is placed in a closed fixture. After drawing a vacuum, helium escaping into the closed fixture (capture volume) is detected. Typically, the fixtures are custom made for the specific package under test.  
1.3 The sensitivity of the method can range from the detection of:  
1.3.1 Large leaks—10-2 Pa·m 3/s to 10-5 Pa·m3/s (10–1 cc/sec/atm to 10-4 cc/sec/atm).  
1.3.2 Moderate leaks—10-5 Pa·m 3/s to 10-7 Pa·m3/s (10-4 cc/sec/atm to 10-6 cc/sec/atm).  
1.3.3 Fine leaks—10-7 Pa·m 3/s to 10-9 Pa·m3/s (10-6 cc/sec/atm to 10-8 cc/sec/atm).  
1.3.4 Ultra-Fine leak—10-9 Pa·m 3/s to 10-11 Pa·m3/s (10-8 cc/sec/atm to 10-10 cc/sec/atm).
Note 1: Conversion from cc/sec/atm to Pa·m3/s is achieved by multiplying by 0.1.  
1.4 The terms large, moderate, fine and ultra-fine are relative terms only and do not imply the acceptability of any leak rate. The individual application dictates the level of integrity needed. For many packaging applications, only “large leaks” are considered unacceptable and the ability to detect smaller leaks is immaterial. All leak rates referred...

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