ASTM D3385-94
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Infiltration Rate of Soils in Field Using Double-Ring Infiltrometer
Standard Test Method for Infiltration Rate of Soils in Field Using Double-Ring Infiltrometer
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for field measurement of the rate of infiltration of liquid (typically water) into soils using double-ring infiltrometer.
1.2 Soils should be regarded as natural occurring fine or coarse-grained soils or processed materials or mixtures of natural soils and processed materials, or other porous materials, and which are basically insoluble and are in accordance with requirements of 1.5.
1.3 This test method is particularly applicable to relatively uniform fine-grained soils, with an absence of very plastic (fat) clays and gravel-size particles and with moderate to low resistance to ring penetration.
1.4 This test method may be conducted at the ground surface or at given depths in pits, and on bare soil or with vegetation in place, depending on the conditions for which infiltration rates are desired. However, this test method cannot be conducted where the test surface is below the ground water table or perched water table.
1.5 This test method is difficult to use or the resultant data may be unreliable, or both, in very pervious or impervious soils (soils with a hydraulic conductivity greater than about 10 -2 cm/s or less than about 1 X 10 -6 cm/s) or in dry or stiff soils that most likely will fracture when the rings are installed. For soils with hydraulic conductivity less than 1 X 10 -6 cm/s refer to Test Method D5093.
1.6 This test method cannot be used directly to determine the hydraulic conductivity (coefficient of permeability) of the soil (see 5.2).
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: D 3385 – 94
Standard Test Method for
Infiltration Rate of Soils in Field Using Double-Ring
1
Infiltrometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3385; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for field mea- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
surement of the rate of infiltration of liquid (typically water) D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
2
into soils using double-ring infiltrometer. Fluids
1.2 Soils should be regarded as natural occurring fine or D 1452 Practice for Soil Investigation and Sampling by
2
coarse-grained soils or processed materials or mixtures of Auger Borings
natural soils and processed materials, or other porous materials, D 2216 Method for Laboratory Determination of Water
and which are basically insoluble and are in accordance with (Moisture) Content of Soil, Rock, and Soil-Aggregate
2
requirements of 1.5. Mixtures
1.3 This test method is particularly applicable to relatively D 2488 Practice for Description and Identification of Soils
2
uniform fine-grained soils, with an absence of very plastic (fat) (Visual-Manual Procedure)
clays and gravel-size particles and with moderate to low D 5093 Test Method for Field Measurement of Infiltration
resistance to ring penetration. Rate Using a Double-Ring Infiltrometer With a Sealed
2
1.4 This test method may be conducted at the ground Inner Ring
surface or at given depths in pits, and on bare soil or with
3. Terminology
vegetation in place, depending on the conditions for which
infiltration rates are desired. However, this test method cannot 3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 incremental infiltration velocity—the quantity of flow
be conducted where the test surface is below the ground water
table or perched water table. per unit area over an increment of time. It has the same units
as the infiltration rate.
1.5 This test method is difficult to use or the resultant data
may be unreliable, or both, in very pervious or impervious soils 3.1.2 infiltration—the downward entry of liquid into the
−2
soil.
(soils with a hydraulic conductivity greater than about 10
−6
cm/s or less than about 1 3 10 cm/s) or in dry or stiff soils 3.1.3 infiltration rate—a selected rate, based on measured
incremental infiltration velocities, at which liquid can enter the
that most likely will fracture when the rings are installed. For
−6
soils with hydraulic conductivity less than 1 3 10 cm/s refer soil under specified conditions, including the presence of an
to Test Method D 5093. excess of liquid. It has the dimensions of velocity (that is,
3 −2 −1 −1
cm cm h =cm h ).
1.6 This test method cannot be used directly to determine
the hydraulic conductivity (coefficient of permeability) of the 3.1.4 infiltrometer—a device for measuring the rate of entry
of liquid into a porous body, for example, water into soil.
soil (see 5.2).
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the 3.1.5 For definitions of other terms used in this test method,
refer to Terminology D 653.
standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Summary of Test Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 The double-ring infiltrometer method consists of driving
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
two open cylinders, one inside the other, into the ground,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
partially filling the rings with water or other liquid, and then
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
maintaining the liquid at a constant level. The volume of liquid
added to the inner ring, to maintain the liquid level constant is
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-18 on Soil the measure of the volume of liquid that infiltrates the soil. The
and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.04 on Hydrologic
Properties of Soil and Rock.
Current edition approved Sept. 15, 1994. Published November 1994. Originally
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published as D 3385 – 75. Last previous edition D 3385 – 88. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.08.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D3385–94
volume infiltrated during ti
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