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ASTM D4828-94(2020)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Practical Washability of Organic Coatings

Standard Test Methods for Practical Washability of Organic Coatings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Interior architectural paints are subjected in use to soiling by dirt or other stains. This test method provides a way to assess relative ease of soil or stain removal from a paint film using materials common to households. This test method includes a way to evaluate the film for washability properties and changes in appearance. Thus, a formulator may evaluate the effects of composition on the washability properties of a paint. Users may also compare the ease of soil removal from different paints that are tested, preferably at the same time.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the relative ease of removal of common soil and stains from interior coatings by manual or mechanical washing with a sponge and a liquid or powder cleanser.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Nov-2020
ICS
25.220.60 - Organic coatings
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.42 - Architectural Coatings
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D4828-94(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Practical Washability of Organic CoatingsASTM D4828-94(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Practical Washability of Organic Coatings
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ASTM D4828-94(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Practical Washability of Organic Coatings
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4828 − 94 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Test Methods for
1
Practical Washability of Organic Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4828; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope up to 100 cycles using a sponge and a liquid or powder
cleanser.Afterrinsinganddrying,thepanelisevaluatedforthe
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the
degree of soil or stain removal, erosion, and any change in
relative ease of removal of common soil and stains from
gloss/sheen or color between the washed and unwashed area.
interior coatings by manual or mechanical washing with a
sponge and a liquid or powder cleanser.
4. Significance and Use
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
4.1 Interior architectural paints are subjected in use to
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
soiling by dirt or other stains. This test method provides a way
only.
to assess relative ease of soil or stain removal from a paint film
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
using materials common to households. This test method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
includes a way to evaluate the film for washability properties
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
and changes in appearance. Thus, a formulator may evaluate
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
the effects of composition on the washability properties of a
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
paint. Users may also compare the ease of soil removal from
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
different paints that are tested, preferably at the same time.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5. Apparatus
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5.1 Sponge and Holder.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5.2 Soil and Stain Applicator (see Fig. 1).
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.3 Weight, 100 g.
2. Referenced Documents
5.4 Balance, weighing accurately to 0.1 g.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.5 Wet Film Applicator, capable of applying a wet film of
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
0.9 mm (3.5 mil) thick by 150 mm (6 in.) film width.
D3450 Test Method for Washability Properties of Interior
1 1
Architectural Coatings
5.6 GlassPlate, 455 by 165 mm by 6.3 mm (17 ⁄2 by 6 ⁄2 by
1
D3924 Specification for Standard Environment for Condi-
⁄4 in.).
tioning and Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related
5.7 Washability Machine.
Materials
5.8 Black Plastic Panels.
3. Summary of Test Method
5.9 Masking Tape.
3.1 The test material is applied to a plastic panel and
5.10 Straightedge,approximately430mm(17in.)inlength.
allowed to dry for 7 days or as mutually agreed. Soilants or
5.11 Cotton Tipped Swabs.
stains, or both, are applied to the film. The film is washed for
5.12 Medicine Droppers.
5.13 Suction Plate, for drawdowns.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct
6. Reagents and Materials
responsibility of Subcommittee D01.42 on Architectural Coatings.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2020. Published December 2020. Originally
6.1 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D4828 – 94 (2016).
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as defined
DOI: 10.1520/D4828-94R20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or by Type IV of Specification D1193.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.2 Soil and Staining Medium—Examples found acceptable
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. for use with this test method include, but are not limited to
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4828 − 94 (2020)
FIG. 1 Solid Soil and Stain Application
pencil, crayon, mercurochrome, ball-point pen, waterborne 8.2 Stir the material thoroughly and strain, if necessary, to
felt-tip markers, lipstick and mineral-oil-borne soilant as out- remove all skins and particles. Draw down the co
...

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4.1 Coatings attached to substrates are elongated when the substrates are dimensionally unstable, or are bent during the manufacture of articles or when the articles are abused in service. These test methods have been useful in rating attached coatings for their ability to resist cracking when elongated. They have been useful in evaluating the flexibility of coatings on flexible substrates. The elongation of coating films may also be tested using Test Method D2370. The correlation between elongation determined in accordance with Test Methods D522/D522M and D2370 is unknown.
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1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the resistance to cracking (flexibility) of attached organic coatings on substrates of sheet metal or rubber-type materials.  
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5.1 Tensile properties determined by this method are of value in studying the behavior of coatings subjected to environmental stresses, such as those produced by aging and weathering. (See Refs. (1-10).)4  
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