ASTM F726-12
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Sorbent Performance of Adsorbents
Standard Test Method for Sorbent Performance of Adsorbents
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is to be used as a basis for comparison of adsorbents in a consistent manner.
These tests are not appropriate for absorbent materials that are covered in Methods F716.
Note 1—Ensure that material compatibilities exist between the sorbent and the hazardous substance which may be sorbed.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers laboratory tests that describe the performance of adsorbents in removing nonemulsified oils and other floating, immiscible liquids from the surface of water.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 8.3.1.
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Designation: F726 − 12
Standard Test Method for
1
Sorbent Performance of Adsorbents
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF726;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope with added heat or ionic/polar addition. These materials are
soluble/flowable in excess liquid.
1.1 Thistestmethodcoverslaboratoryteststhatdescribethe
3.1.2 sorbent—aninsolublematerialormixtureofmaterials
performance of adsorbents in removing nonemulsified oils and
used to recover liquids through the mechanisms of absorption
other floating, immiscible liquids from the surface of water.
or adsorption, or both.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1.3 thickener—a material (usually of higher molecular
standard.
weight) that is soluble in excess liquid. These materials go
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
fromdrytogummy(viscoelastic)toflowableandthensoluble.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
The final viscosity depends only on the liquid to solid ratio.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.4 universal sorbent—aninsolublematerialormixtureof
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
materials that will sorb both hydrophobic and hydrophilic
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
liquid spills.
tionary statements are given in 8.3.1.
3.2 Definitions:
3.2.1 absorbent—a material that picks up and retains a
2. Referenced Documents
liquid distributed throughout its molecular structure causing
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the solid to swell (50% or more). The absorbent is at least
D2859Test Method for Ignition Characteristics of Finished
70% insoluble in excess fluid.
Textile Floor Covering Materials
3.2.2 adsorbent—an insoluble material that is coated by a
F716Test Methods for Sorbent Performance of Absorbents
liquidonitssurfaceincludingporesandcapillarieswithoutthe
2.2 Federal Standard:
solid swelling more than 50% in excess liquid.
Fed. Std. No. 141aPaint, Varnish, Lacquer and Related
3
3.2.3 adsorbent cubage factor “C”—this is the ratio of
Materials, Methods of Inspection, Sampling and Testing
sorbent volume used to the liquid volume sorbed.
2.3 Military Specification:
MIL-I-631D Insulation, Electric, Synthetic Resin
3.2.4 cubage—defines cubic content, volume, or displace-
3
Composition, Nonrigid
ment.
3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3. Terminology
3.3.1 This test method does not apply to belt, rope, or weir
3.1 General Terminology:
type skimming devices.
3.1.1 gellant—a material such as a colloidal network or
3.3.2 oil—a substantially water immiscible organic liquid
3
other aggregate network that pervades and holds a liquid in a
that will float on water (density less than 1 g/cm ), typically
highly viscous fragile structure. Many gels may rapidly liquify −3
with surface tension less than 40 × 10 N/m.
3.3.3 Type I adsorbent (roll, film, sheet, pad, blanket,
1
web)—a material with length and width much greater than
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on
Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of
thickness and which has both linear form and strength suffi-
Subcommittee F20.22 on Mitigation Actions.
cient to be handled either saturated or unsaturated.
Current edition approved April 1, 2012. Published April 2012. Originally
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F726–06. DOI:
3.3.4 Type II adsorbent (loose)—anunconsolidated,particu-
10.1520/F0726-12.
latematerialwithoutsufficientformandstrengthtobehandled
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
except with scoops and similar equipment.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
3.3.5 Type III adsorbent (enclosed):
the ASTM website.
3
3.3.5.1 IIIa, pillows—adsorbent material contained by an
AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS. outer fabric or netting that has permeability to oil, but with
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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F726 − 12
openings sufficiently small so as to substantially retain the 6.4 Shaker Table, capable of a frequency of 150 cycles/min
sorbent material within the fabric or netting. and an amplitude of 2.5 cm.
3.3.5.2
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:F726–06 Designation:F726–12
Standard Test Method for
1
Sorbent Performance of Adsorbents
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF726;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers laboratory tests that describe the performance of adsorbents in removing nonemulsified oils and
other floating, immiscible liquids from the surface of water.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 8.3.1.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2859 Test Method for Ignition Characteristics of Finished Textile Floor Covering Materials
F716 Test Methods for Sorbent Performance of Absorbents
2.2 Federal Standard:
3
Fed. Std. No. 141a Paint, Varnish, Lacquer and Related Materials, Methods of Inspection, Sampling and Testing
2.3 Military Specification:
3
MIL-I-631D Insulation, Electric, Synthetic Resin Composition, Nonrigid
3. Terminology
3.1 General Terminology:
3.1.1 gellant—a material such as a colloidal network or other aggregate network that pervades and holds a liquid in a highly
viscous fragile structure. Many gels may rapidly liquify with added heat or ionic/polar addition. These materials are
soluble/flowable in excess liquid.
3.1.2 sorbent—an insoluble material or mixture of materials used to recover liquids through the mechanisms of absorption or
adsorption, or both.
3.1.3 thickener—a material (usually of higher molecular weight) that is soluble in excess liquid. These materials go from dry
to gummy (viscoelastic) to flowable and then soluble. The final viscosity depends only on the liquid to solid ratio.
3.1.4 universal sorbent—an insoluble material or mixture of materials that will sorb both hydrophobic and hydrophilic liquid
spills.
3.2 Definitions:
3.2.1 absorbent—a material that picks up and retains a liquid distributed throughout its molecular structure causing the solid
to swell (50% or more). The absorbent is at least 70% insoluble in excess fluid.
3.2.2 adsorbent—an insoluble material that is coated by a liquid on its surface including pores and capillaries without the solid
swelling more than 50% in excess liquid.
3.2.3 adsorbent cubage factor “C”—this is the ratio of sorbent volume used to the liquid volume sorbed.
3.2.4 cubage—defines cubic content, volume, or displacement.
3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.3.1 This test method does not apply to belt, rope, or weir type skimming devices.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F20.22 on Mitigation Actions.
Current edition approved MayApril 1, 2006.2012. Published May 2006.April 2012. Originally approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 19992006 as
F726–99.F726–06. DOI: 10.1520/F0726-06.10.1520/F0726-12.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F726–12
3
3.3.2 oil—a substantially water immiscible organic liquid that will float on water (density less than 1 g/cm ), typically with
−3
surface tension less than 40 3 10 N/m.
3.3.3 Type I adsorbent (roll, film, sheet, pad, blanket, web)—a material with length and width much greater than thickness and
which has both linear form and strength sufficient to be handled either saturated or unsaturated.
3.3.4 Type II adsorbent (loose)—an unconsolidated, particulate material without sufficient form and strength to be handled
except with scoops and similar e
...
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