ASTM F3174/F3174M-21

Standard Specification for Establishing Operating Limitations and Information for Aeroplanes

ABSTRACT
This specification prescribes airworthiness design requirements for the establishment of operating limitations and information for the operation of aeroplanes. It addresses the general limitations and information to be contained in the aeroplane flight manual. The applicant for a design approval shall seek the individual guidance of their respective civil aviation authority (CAA) body concerning the use of this specification as part of a certification plan.
The requirements described in this specification cover: airspeed limitations, operating maneuvering speed, flap extended speed, minimum control speed, weight and center of gravity, auxiliary power unit limitations, minimum flight crew, maximum passenger seating configuration, kinds of operation, and maximum operating altitude.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers airworthiness requirements for establishing general limitations and information to be contained in the aeroplane flight manual. This specification specifies what information shall be provided and does not state how such information shall be presented unless this is necessary for the clarity of the purpose of the specification. Refer to Specification F3117/F3117M for means and methods of presentation. The material was developed through open consensus of international experts in general aviation. This information was created by focusing on Level 1, 2, 3, and 4 Normal Category aeroplanes. The content may be more broadly applicable; it is the responsibility of the applicant to substantiate broader applicability as a specific means of compliance. The topics covered within this specification are: Limitations for Airspeed, Weight and Center of Gravity, Auxiliary Power Units, Minimum Flight Crew, Maximum Passenger Seating Configuration, Kinds of Operation, and Maximum Operating Altitude.  
1.2 An applicant intending to propose this information as Means of Compliance for a design approval must seek guidance from their respective oversight authority (for example, published guidance from applicable CAAs) concerning the acceptable use and application thereof. For information on which oversight authorities have accepted this specification (in whole or in part) as an acceptable Means of Compliance to their regulatory requirements (hereinafter “the Rules”), refer to the ASTM Committee F44 web page (www.astm.org/COMMITTEE/F44.htm). Annex A1 maps the Means of Compliance described in this specification to EASA CS-23, amendment 5, or later, and FAA 14 CFR Part 23, amendment 64, or later.  
1.3 Units—This specification may present information in either SI units, English Engineering units, or both; the values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents. Each system shall be used independently of the other; combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2021
• ICS: 49.020 - Aircraft and space vehicles in general
• Technical Committee: F44 - General Aviation Aircraft
• Drafting Committee: F44.20 - Flight

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F3174/F3174M −21
Standard Specification for
Establishing Operating Limitations and Information for
1
Aeroplanes
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF3174/F3174M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope system shall be used independently of the other; combining
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
1.1 This specification covers airworthiness requirements for
with the standard.
establishing general limitations and information to be con-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tained in the aeroplane flight manual. This specification speci-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
fies what information shall be provided and does not state how
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
such information shall be presented unless this is necessary for
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
the clarity of the purpose of the specification. Refer to
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Specification F3117/F3117M for means and methods of pre-
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
sentation.The material was developed through open consensus
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
of international experts in general aviation. This information
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
was created by focusing on Level 1, 2, 3, and 4 Normal
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Category aeroplanes. The content may be more broadly appli-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
cable; it is the responsibility of the applicant to substantiate
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
broader applicability as a specific means of compliance. The
topics covered within this specification are: Limitations for
2. Referenced Documents
Airspeed, Weight and Center of Gravity, Auxiliary Power
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Units, Minimum Flight Crew, Maximum Passenger Seating
F3060 Terminology for Aircraft
Configuration, Kinds of Operation, and Maximum Operating
F3082/F3082M Specification for Weights and Centers of
Altitude.
Gravity of Aircraft
1.2 An applicant intending to propose this information as
F3114 Specification for Structures
Means of Compliance for a design approval must seek guid-
F3116/F3116M Specification for Design Loads and Condi-
ance from their respective oversight authority (for example,
tions
published guidance from applicable CAAs) concerning the
F3117/F3117M Specification for Crew Interface in Aircraft
acceptable use and application thereof. For information on
F3173/F3173M Specification for Aircraft Handling Charac-
which oversight authorities have accepted this specification (in
teristics
whole or in part) as an acceptable Means of Compliance to
their regulatory requirements (hereinafter “the Rules”), refer to 3. Terminology
the ASTM Committee F44 web page (www.astm.org/
3.1 See Terminology F3060 for definitions and abbrevia-
COMMITTEE/F44.htm). Annex A1 maps the Means of Com-
tions.
pliance described in this specification to EASACS-23, amend-
ment 5, or later, and FAA 14 CFR Part 23, amendment 64, or 4. Establishing Operating Limitations and Information
later.
4.1 General—Each applicable operating limitation specified
in 4.2 – 4.8 and other limitations and information necessary for
1.3 Units—This specification may present information in
safe operation shall be established.
either SI units, English Engineering units, or both; the values
4.1.1 The operating limitations and other information nec-
stated in each system may not be exact equivalents. Each
essary for safe operation shall be made available to the
crewmembers as prescribed in Specification F3117/F3117M.
1
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeF44onGeneral
2
AviationAircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F44.20 on Flight. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2021. Published December 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2015. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as F3174/F3174M–19. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/F3174_F3174M-21. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United Sta
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F3174/F3174M − 19 F3174/F3174M − 21
Standard Specification for
Establishing Operating Limitations and Information for
1
Aeroplanes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3174/F3174M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers airworthiness requirements for establishing general limitations and information to be contained in the
aeroplane flight manual. This specification specifies what information shall be provided and does not state how such information
shall be presented unless this is necessary for the clarity of the purpose of the specification. Refer to Specification F3117/F3117M
for means and methods of presentation. The material was developed through open consensus of international experts in general
aviation. This information was created by focusing on Level 1, 2, 3, and 4 Normal Category aeroplanes. The content may be more
broadly applicable; it is the responsibility of the applicant to substantiate broader applicability as a specific means of compliance.
The topics covered within this specification are: Limitations for Airspeed, Weight and Center of Gravity, Auxiliary Power Units,
Minimum Flight Crew, Maximum Passenger Seating Configuration, Kinds of Operation, and Maximum Operating Altitude.
1.2 An applicant intending to propose this information as Means of Compliance for a design approval must seek guidance from
their respective oversight authority (for example, published guidance from applicable CAAs) concerning the acceptable use and
application thereof. For information on which oversight authorities have accepted this specification (in whole or in part) as an
acceptable Means of Compliance to their regulatory requirements (hereinafter “the Rules”), refer to the ASTM Committee F44 web
page (www.astm.org/COMMITTEE/F44.htm). Annex A1 maps the Means of Compliance described in this specification to EASA
CS-23, amendment 5, or later, and FAA 14 CFR Part 23, amendment 64, or later.
1.3 Units—This specification may present information in either SI units, English Engineering units, or both; the values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents. Each system shall be used independently of the other; combining values from the two
systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F3060 Terminology for Aircraft
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F44 on General Aviation Aircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F44.20 on Flight.
Current edition approved May 1, 2019Dec. 1, 2021. Published May 2019December 2021. Originally approved in 2015. Last previous edition approved in 20182019 as
F3174/F3174M–18.–19. DOI: 10.1520/F3174_F3174M–19.10.1520/F3174_F3174M-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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F3174/F3174M − 21
F3082/F3082M Specification for Weights and Centers of Gravity of Aircraft
F3114 Specification for Structures
F3116/F3116M Specification for Design Loads and Conditions
F3117/F3117M Specification for Crew Interface in Aircraft
F3173/F3173M Specification for Aircraft Handling Characteristics
3. Terminology
3.1 See Terminology F3060 for definitions and abbreviations.
4. Establishing Operating Limitations and Information
4.1 General—Each applicable operating limitation specified
...