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ASTM D5485-05

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining the Corrosive Effect of Combustion Products Using the Cone Corrosimeter

Standard Test Method for Determining the Corrosive Effect of Combustion Products Using the Cone Corrosimeter

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The metal loss from corrosion is directly related to the increase in electrical resistance of the target due to the decrease in conductive cross-sectional area.
The relationship between resistance increase of metallic targets used in this test method and the amount of metal loss as reported by a uniform loss in thickness has not been determined.
This test method is used to determine the corrosive effect of combustion products from burning electrical insulations or coverings or their constituent materials or components. Corrosion is determined by the reduction of thickness of the metal on standardized targets, as measured by electrical resistance. These targets are not necessarily representative of the intended end use.
This test method is intended for use in electrical insulations or coverings material and product evaluations, for additional data to assist in design of electrical insulations or coverings products, or for development and research of electrical insulations or coverings products.
A value of the heating flux is selected to be relevant to the fire scenario being investigated (up to 100 kW/m2). Additional information for testing is given in A1.2.3.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response standard measures the corrosive effect by loss of metal from the combustion products of materials, components, or products.
1.2 This test method provides corrosion results of product and material specimens limited to a maximum size of 100 by 100 mm in area and 50 mm thick.
1.3 The results of this test method have not been investigated with respect to correlation to actual fires.
1.4 This standard measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.4.1 Additional information regarding the targets, the test conditions, and test limitations are provided in the annex.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section .
1.5 The values stated in SI units are the standard (see IEEE/ASTM SI 10 .

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Aug-2005
ICS
13.040.40 - Stationary source emissions
Technical Committee
D09 - Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5485-99 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Corrosive Effect of Combustion Products Using the Cone Corrosimeter
Effective Date
01-Sep-2005
Replaced By
ASTM D5485-09 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Corrosive Effect of Combustion Products Using the Cone Corrosimeter
Effective Date
01-Jun-2009
Referred By
ASTM D6113-21 - Standard Test Method for Using Cone Calorimeter to Determine Fire-Test-Response Characteristics of Insulating Materials Contained in Electrical or Optical Fiber Cables
Effective Date
01-Sep-2005

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ASTM D5485-05 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Corrosive Effect of Combustion Products Using the Cone CorrosimeterASTM D5485-05 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Corrosive Effect of Combustion Products Using the Cone Corrosimeter
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ASTM D5485-05 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Corrosive Effect of Combustion Products Using the Cone Corrosimeter
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation:D5485–05
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Corrosive Effect of Combustion Products
1
Using the Cone Corrosimeter
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5485; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E1354 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release
Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Con-
1.1 This fire-test-response standard measures the corrosive
sumption Calorimeter
effect by loss of metal from the combustion products of
IEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the International
materials, components, or products.
System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
1.2 This test method provides corrosion results of product
2.2 Other Document:
and material specimens limited to a maximum size of 100 by
OSHA191.1450 Occupational Exposure to Hazard Chemi-
100 mm in area and 50 mm thick.
3
cals in Laboratories
1.3 The results of this test method have not been investi-
gated with respect to correlation to actual fires.
3. Terminology
1.4 This standard measures and describes the response of
3.1 Definitions:
materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all
to Terminologies E176 and D1711.
factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
3.2.1 cone corrosimeter, n—equipment used to determine
1.4.1 Additional information regarding the targets, the test
corrosion in this test method.
conditions, and test limitations are provided in the annex.
3.2.2 corrosion-by-metal-loss, n—loss of metal of a target
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
expressed as reduction of thickness of the target metal.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.3 exposure chamber, n—enclosure in which a target is
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
exposed to combustion products.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.4 heating flux, n—incident power per unit area that is
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
imposed externally from the heater on the specimen.
statements, see Section 7.
3.2.4.1 Discussion—The specimen, once ignited, is also
1.6 The values stated in SI units are the standard (see
heated by its own flame.
IEEE/ASTM SI 10 .
3.2.5 sustained flaming, n—existence of flame on or over
2. Referenced Documents the surface of the test specimen for periods of4sor more.
2
3.2.5.1 Discussion—Flaming ignition of less than4sis
2.1 ASTM Standards:
identified as transitory flaming or flashing.
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
3.2.6 target, n—detector of known electrical resistance
D1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
which can lose metal through a process of corrosion when it is
D6113 Test Method for Using a Cone Calorimeter to
exposed to combustion products.
Determine Fire-Test-Response Characteristics of Insulat-
3.3 Symbols Specific to This Standard:
ing Materials Contained in Electrical or Optical Fiber
3.3.1 A —initial corrosion instrument reading.
0
Cables
3.3.2 A —corrosion instrument reading at the end of 1-h
1
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
exposure to combustion products.
3.3.3 A —corrosion instrument reading at the end of 24 h
24
in the environmental chamber.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on
3.3.4 C—corrosion of a target, nm.
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D09.21 on Fire Performance Standards.
3.3.5 C —corrosion at the end of 1-h exposure to combus-
1
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2005. Published October 2005. Originally
tion products, nm.
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D5485–99.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Occupational Safety and Health Agency/U.S. Departmnet of
the ASTM website. Labor.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5485–05
3.3.6 C —corrosionattheendof24hintheenvironmental 5. Significance and Use
24
chamber, nm.
5.1 The metal loss from corrosion is d
...

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Standard Test Method for Determining Corrosive Effect of Combustion Products Using the Cone Corrosimeter

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The metal loss from corrosion is directly related to the increase in electrical resistance of the target due to the decrease in conductive cross-sectional area.  
5.2 The relationship between resistance increase of metallic targets used in this test method and the amount of metal loss as reported by a uniform loss in thickness has not been determined.  
5.3 This test method is used to determine the corrosive effect of combustion products from burning electrical insulations or coverings or their constituent materials or components. Corrosion is determined by the reduction of thickness of the metal on standardized targets, as measured by electrical resistance. These targets are not necessarily representative of the intended end use.  
5.4 This test method is intended for use in electrical insulations or coverings material and product evaluations, for additional data to assist in design of electrical insulations or coverings products, or for development and research of electrical insulations or coverings products.  
5.5 A value of the initial test heat flux is selected to be relevant to the fire scenario being investigated (up to 100 kW/m2). Additional information for testing is given in A1.2.3.
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1.1 This fire-test-response standard measures the corrosive effect by loss of metal from the combustion products of materials, components, or products.  
1.2 This test method provides corrosion results of product and material specimens limited to a maximum size of 100 by 100 mm in area and 50 mm thick.  
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1.5 An ISO standard exists, as developed by ISO TC 61 (Plastics), subcommittee 4 (on burning behavior), which is technically very similar to this test method and is designated ISO 11907-4.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. (See IEEE/ASTM SI10.)  
1.7 This standard measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice may be used to collect dust from carpeted or bare floor surfaces for gravimetric or chemical analysis. The collected sample is substantially unmodified by the sampling procedure.  
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5.5 This practice provides per-event dust chemical concentration and chemical loading. Advantages and trade-offs of different sampling approaches have been discussed (7).  
5.6 This practice uses a removable, cleanable dropout jar that facilitates per-event sampling. Other per-event vacuum attachments are commercially available. These are not directly comparable with composite sampling done using whole vacuum cleaner bags.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for the collection of a sample of dust from carpets and bare floors that can be analyzed for inorganic metals such as lead and organic compounds such as pesticides and other semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs).  
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1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This practice describes use of a sampling device, the High-Volume Small Surface Sampler (HVS3). Other event-based sampling devices that use commercially available vacuum attachments are not in scope. Composite sampling using whole vacuum cleaner bags is not in scope. Other approaches for floor or non-floor surface sampling (Practices D6966, D6661, D7144) are not within the scope.  
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3.1 The purpose of this terminology standard is to help users understand and apply the large number of specialized terms used in connection with the management of lead hazards by providing a single, comprehensive, and consistent terminology.  
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SCOPE
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1.2 This terminology standard is supplementary to Terminology E631.  
1.3 Definitions adopted or derived from other documents include the following:  
1.3.1 Some of the definitions in this terminology standard are adopted as exact copies from other sources. The source is briefly identified at the right margin following the definition and fully identified in Section 2.  
1.3.2 Some of the definitions in this terminology standard are adapted from other sources. Changes in these definitions were made only to clarify the meaning, to incorporate related terms that also are defined in this terminology standard, or to ensure that the revised definition is consistent with those for related terms. The source is briefly identified with the words “adapted” at the right margin following the definition, and is fully identified in Section 2.  
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1.5.2 Terms that are used only in individual ASTM standards in which they are defined adequately, whether formally or by the context in which they appear.  
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SCOPE
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4.1 This practice provides the basic criteria to be used by accreditation bodies and others in evaluating the qualifications of laboratories engaged in the testing of lead in paint, or settled dust, or airborne particulates, or soil, or combination thereof, taken from and around buildings and related structures. The criteria in this practice shall be supplemented by additional specific criteria and requirements, when appropriate; for example, when necessary to be in accordance with federal, state, or local government regulations.  
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SCOPE
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1.2 This practice has been developed consistent with Guides E548 and E994, to supplement ISO/IEC 17025.  
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Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Determination of Particulate Matter in Stack Gases

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The measurement of particulate matter and collected residue emission rates is an important test widely used in the practice of air pollution control. Particulate matter measurements after control devices are necessary to determine total emission rates to the atmosphere.  
5.1.1 These measurements, when approved by federal and state agencies, are often required for the purpose of determining compliance with regulations and statutes.  
5.1.2 The measurements made before and after control devices are often necessary as a means of demonstrating conformance with contractual performance specifications.  
5.2 The collected residue obtained with these test methods is also important in characterizing stack emissions. However, the utility of these data is limited unless a chemical analysis of the collected residue is performed.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods describe procedures to determine the mass emission rates of particulate matter and collected residue in gaseous streams by in-stack test methods (Test Method A) or out-of-stack test methods (Test Method B).  
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1.3 These test methods include a description of equipment and procedures to be used for obtaining samples from effluent ducts and stacks, a description of equipment and procedures for laboratory analysis, and a description of procedures for calculating results.  
1.4 These test methods are applicable for sampling particulate matter and collected residue in wet (Test Method A or B) or dry (Test Method A) streams before and after particulate matter control equipment, and for determination of control device particulate matter collection efficiency.  
1.5 These test methods are also applicable for determining compliance with regulations and statutes limiting particulate matter existing in stack gases when approved by federal or state agencies.  
1.6 The particulate matter and collected residue samples collected by these test methods may be used for subsequent size and chemical analysis.  
1.7 These test methods describe the instrumentation, equipment, and operational procedures, including site selection, necessary for sampling and determination of particulate mass emissions. These test methods also include procedures for collection and gravimetric determination of residues collected in an impinger-condenser train. The sampling and analysis of particulate matter may be performed independently or simultaneously with the determination of collected residue.  
1.8 These test methods provide for the use of optional filter designs and filter material as necessary to accommodate the wide range of particulate matter loadings to which the test methods are applicable.  
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ASTM D5485-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining Corrosive Effect of Combustion Products Using the Cone Corrosimeter

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The metal loss from corrosion is directly related to the increase in electrical resistance of the target due to the decrease in conductive cross-sectional area.  
5.2 The relationship between resistance increase of metallic targets used in this test method and the amount of metal loss as reported by a uniform loss in thickness has not been determined.  
5.3 This test method is used to determine the corrosive effect of combustion products from burning electrical insulations or coverings or their constituent materials or components. Corrosion is determined by the reduction of thickness of the metal on standardized targets, as measured by electrical resistance. These targets are not necessarily representative of the intended end use.  
5.4 This test method is intended for use in electrical insulations or coverings material and product evaluations, for additional data to assist in design of electrical insulations or coverings products, or for development and research of electrical insulations or coverings products.  
5.5 A value of the initial test heat flux is selected to be relevant to the fire scenario being investigated (up to 100 kW/m2). Additional information for testing is given in A1.2.3.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response standard measures the corrosive effect by loss of metal from the combustion products of materials, components, or products.  
1.2 This test method provides corrosion results of product and material specimens limited to a maximum size of 100 by 100 mm in area and 50 mm thick.  
1.3 Additional information regarding the targets, the test conditions, and test limitations is provided in Annex A1.  
1.4 The results of this test method have not been investigated with respect to correlation to actual fires.  
1.5 An ISO standard exists, as developed by ISO TC 61 (Plastics), subcommittee 4 (on burning behavior), which is technically very similar to this test method and is designated ISO 11907-4.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. (See IEEE/ASTM SI10.)  
1.7 This standard measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.8 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
    14 pages
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ASTM
ASTM E2558-13(2021)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining Particulate Matter Emissions from Fires in Wood-Burning Fireplaces

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used for determining emission factors and emission rates for low mass wood-burning fireplaces.  
5.1.1 The emission factor is useful for determining emission performance during product development.  
5.1.2 The emission factor is useful for the air quality regulatory community for determining compliance with emission performance limits.  
5.1.3 The emission rate may be useful for the air quality regulatory community for determining impacts on air quality from fireplaces, but must be used with caution as use patterns must be factored into any prediction of atmospheric particulate matter impacts from fireplaces based on results from this method.  
5.2 The reporting units are grams of particulate per kilogram of dry fuel and grams of particulate per hour.  
5.2.1 Appropriate reporting units for comparing emissions from non-heating appliances: grams per kilogram.  
5.2.2 Appropriate reporting units for predicting atmospheric emission impacts only if hours of fireplace use are factored in: grams per hour.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the fueling and operating protocol for determining particulate matter emissions from wood fires in low mass wood-burning fireplaces. The fueling and operating protocol for determining particular matter emissions from masonry or other high mass fireplaces is covered in Annex A1 of this test method.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM F2326-04(2021)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Collection and Analysis of Visible Emissions from Candles as They Burn

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The intent of this test method is to aid the candle manufacturer to optimize candle formulations in the reduction of visible smoke emissions.  
5.2 This test method is intended to provide candle manufacturers a standard procedure to use during development of candle designs and formulations to compare relative smoke/burn behavior. For the development of this method, a protocol was established for trimming the wick on specially prepared test candles to 6 mm to 7 mm (1/4 in.) prior to each burn cycle. It is recommended that the manufacturer determine a standardized protocol, that is, either not trimming the wick or trimming the wick to an appropriate length in order for direct comparison of results.  
5.3 A relative ranking of candle formulations can be established with the use of a histogram of the data and control charts.  
5.4 This test method is not intended to set forth pass/fail criteria for visible smoke emissions from candles, as such, this method sets no standard level for visible smoke emissions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the collection and analysis of visible emissions from indoor use candles as they burn.  
1.2 The test is to be used to compare relative smoke/burn behavior during development of candle designs and formulations.  
1.3 This test method may not be suitable for multiple wick candles; tapers and candles intended to be burned while floating on water commonly known as “floaters.”  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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