ASTM D3159-98
(Specification)Standard Specification for Modified ETFE-Fluoropolymer Molding and Extrusion Materials
Standard Specification for Modified ETFE-Fluoropolymer Molding and Extrusion Materials
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers melt processible molding and extrusion materials of modified ETFE-fluoropolymer. This specification does not cover recycled ETFE materials. The ETFE resin is a copolymer of ethylene containing approximately 75 mass% of tetrafluoroethylene.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. Note 1-Although this specification and ISO 12086-1 (1994) and ISO 12086-2 (1994) differ in approach or detail, data obtained using either are technically equivalent.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 11, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D 3159 – 98
Standard Specification for
Modified ETFE-Fluoropolymer Molding and Extrusion
Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3159; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope * and Density of Plastics by Displacement
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
1.1 This specification covers melt processible molding and
D 1238 Test Method for Flow Rates of Thermoplastics by
extrusion materials of modified ETFE-fluoropolymer. The
Extrusion Plastometer
ETFE resin is a copolymer of ethylene containing approxi-
D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
mately 75 mass % of tetrafluoroethylene.
Plastics
1.2 The values stated in SI units as detailed in IEEE/ASTM
D 3418 Test Method for Transition Temperatures of Poly-
SI-10 are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in
mers by Thermal Analysis
parentheses are for information only.
D 3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
NOTE 1—Although this specification and ISO 12086-1 (1994) and ISO
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
12086-2 (1994) differ in approach or detail, data obtained using either are
ASTM Test Methods
technically equivalent.
SI 10 Use of the International System of Units (SI): The
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
Modem Metric System
test method portion, Section 11, of this specification. This
2.2 ISO Standards:
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
ISO 12086-1 (1994) Plastics—Fluoropolymer Dispersions
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
and Moulding and Extrusion Materials—Part 1
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
ISO 12086-2 (1994) Plastics—Fluoropolymer Dispersions
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
and Moulding and Extrusion Materials—Part 2
tions prior to use.
3. Terminology
1.4 Recycled material is not appropriate for this specifica-
tion because performance requirements cannot be met with
3.1 Definitions:
recycled material. Therefore, this specification is for virgin
3.1.1 General—The terminology given in Terminology
material only.
D 883 is applicable to this specification.
3.1.2 lot, n—one production run or a uniform blend of two
2. Referenced Documents
or more production runs.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.3 Abbreviated Terms:
D 150 Test Methods for A-C Loss Characteristics and
3.1.4 General—The abbreviated terms given in Terminol-
Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insu-
ogy D 1600 are applicable to this specification.
lating Materials
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics and Electrical 4. Classification
Insulating Materials for Testing
4.1 This specification covers three types of modified ETFE-
D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
fluoropolymer supplied in pellet form classified according to
D 792 Test Methods for Specific Gravity (Relative Density)
their specific gravity. The resins of each type are divided into
two grades according to their melt flow rate.
4.2 An one-line system may be used to specify materials
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-20 on
covered by this specification. The system uses predefined cells
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic
to refer to specific aspects of this specification, as illustrated as
Materials (Section D20.15.12).
follows:
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1998. Published February 1999. Originally
published as D 3159 – 73. Last previous edition D 3159 – 95a.
This edition was modified in 1.1.
2 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.
3 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 3159
5.2 The material described in this specification shall be free
Specification
of foreign matter to such a contamination level as may be
Standard Number : Type : Grade : Special
Block : : : Notes agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.
:: : ,:
6. Performance Requirements
6.1 The average test result of the lot shall conform to the
Example: Specification D 3159 – 95, I 2
requirements prescribed in Tables 1 and 2 when tested by the
For this example, the line callout would be, Specification D
procedures specified herein. Table 2 lists those tests requiring
3159 – 95,I2 and would specify a modified ETFE-
a specimen molded as described in Section 8.
fluoropolymer that has all of the properties listed for that type
and grade in the appropriate specified properties, or tables, or
7. Sampling
both, in the specification identified. A comma is used as the
7.1 The materials shall be sampled in accordance with an
separator between the standard number and the type. Separa-
adequate statistical sampling program.
tors are not needed between the type and grade. Provision for
special notes is included so that other information can be
8. Specimen Preparation
provided when required. An example would be in Specification
8.1 Prepare a molded sheet 1.5 6 0.3 mm (0.06 6 0.01 in.)
D 3295 where dimensions and tolerances are specified for each
thick. Use a picture-frame-type chase having a suitable
AWG size within the type and class. When special notes are
blanked-out section and thickness to produce the desired sheet.
used, they should be preceded by a comma.
Use clean aluminum foil, 0.13 to 0.18 mm (0.005 to 0.007 in.)
thick, in contact with the resin. A high-temperature mold
TABLE 1 Specific Gravity, Melting Point, and Flow Rate
release agent may be sprayed on the aluminum foil to help
Requirements
prevent the foil from sticking to the sheet. Use steel molding
I II III
plates at least 1.0 mm (0.040 in.) thick and of an area adequate
Type Grade
A B
1 2 1212
to cover the chase.
Specific gravity,
8.2 Lay down and smoothly cover one plate with a sheet of
min: 1.69 1.69 1.75 1.75 1.83 1.83
aluminum foil. Place the mold chase on top of this assembly.
max: 1.76 1.76 1.84 1.84 1.88 1.88
Place within the mold chase sufficient molding material to
Melting point, °C,
min: 255 255 220 220 220 220
produce the required sheet in such manner that the polymer
max: 280 280 255 255 230 230
charge is a mound in the middle of the chase. Place a second
Flow rate, g/10 min,
C
sheet of aluminum foil on top of the granules and add the top
min: 2.0 8.0 2.0 10.1 9.0 25.0
C
max: 16.0 28.0 10.0 19.0 18.0 35.0
mold plate. Place the assembly in a compression molding press
A
Formerly Types I and II.
having platens that have been heated to 300 6 5°C
B
Formerly Type III.
(572 6 10°F).
C
Measured with 1.588-mm (0.0625-in.) orifice; other values measured with
8.3 Bring the press platens to incipient contact with the
2.095-mm (0.0825-in.) orifice.
mold assembly. Hold for 2 to 4 min without pressure. Apply
approximately 1 MPa (145 psi) and hold for 1 to 1.5 min. Then
TABLE 2 Detail Requirements for Molded Test Specimens for All
apply 2 to 4 MPa (290 to 580 psi) and hold for 1 to 1.5 min.
Resins in This Specification
Maintain the press at 300 6 5°C (572 6 10°F) during these
I II III
Type Grade
steps. Remove the assembly from the press and place between
12 1 2 12
two 20 6 7-mm (0.75 6 0.25-in.) steel plates whose tempera-
Tensile strength, min, psi: 5500 4400 4500 4500 4000 4000
ture is less than 40°C (104°F).
Elongation, min, %: 275 200 300 300 350 350
Dielectric constant, 8.4 When the sheet is cool enough to touch (about 50 to
10 Hz, max: 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6
60°C (122 to 140°F)), remove aluminum foil from the sheet. (If
10 Hz, max: 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7
the sheet is allowed to cool to room temperature, the aluminum
Dissipation factor,
10 Hz, max: 0.0008 0.0008 0.003 0.003 0.0008 0.0008
foil cannot be pulled free.)
10 Hz, max: 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.009
9. Conditioning
9.1 For tests of specific gravity, tensile properties, and
5. General Requirements
electrical properties, condition the molded test specimen in
accordance with Practice D 618, Condition 4/23/50. The other
5.1 The material shall be of uniform composition and so
tests require no conditioning.
prepared as to conform to the requirements of this specifica-
9.2 Conduct tests at the standard laboratory temperature of
tion.
23 6 2°C (73.4 6 3.6°F) for determination of specific gravity,
tensile properties, and electrical properties only. Since the resin
See the ASTM Form and Style Manual, available from ASTM Headquarters. does not absorb water, the maintenance of constant humidity
D 3159
during testing is not necessary. Conduct tests for flow rate and time at 1-min intervals for the first 10 min. The polymer should
melting endotherm under ordinary laboratory conditions. reach the 297°C temperature within 5 min. With polymer in the
plastometer for an elapsed time of 10 min for each point
10. Packaging and Marking
measured, determine the melt temperature at 6.4-mm (0.25-in.)
intervals from 6.4 mm to
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