ASTM D8028-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measurement of Dissolved Gases Methane, Ethane, Ethylene, and Propane by Static Headspace Sampling and Flame Ionization Detection (GC/FID)
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Dissolved Gases Methane, Ethane, Ethylene, and Propane by Static Headspace Sampling and Flame Ionization Detection (GC/FID)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method covers the determination of the dissolved gases methane, ethane, ethylene, and propane in drinking, waste, and ground waters, including domestic wells; whether naturally occurring or resulting from commercial activities, dissolved gases can be hazardous both to the environment and humans. Due to increased scrutiny of dissolved gases, developing a valid method for the testing of dissolved gases in water has become more imperative. Static headspace sampling is generally applicable for sampling these compounds. However, as these compounds are extremely volatile, a closed sampling system is recommended. This test method can be used for quantitatively determining dissolved gases in ground, waste, and drinking waters.
5.2 This test method is suitable for analysis of domestic drinking water samples from residential and commercial water supply wells prior to oil and gas exploration activities to form a baseline for monitoring potential impacts during exploration; development, including hydraulic fracturing; operation; closure; and reclamation of nearby oil and gas production and injection wells.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dissolved gases methane, ethane, ethylene, and propane in drinking, waste, and ground waters, including domestic wells whether naturally occurring or resulting from commercial activities, or both. This test method has an analytical range from 10 µg/L to 11 000 µg/L for methane, and 10 µg/L to 5000 µg/L for ethane, ethylene, and propane. If a sample has a dissolved gas concentration above the calibration range, the sample would require dilution. Other analytical ranges may be used as long as the instrument calibration encompasses the desired range and demonstrates adequate linearity.
1.2 This test method is applicable to samples collected at a nominal ambient pressure. Samples collected under high pressures, that is, above ambient pressure, may not be accurately analyzed using this method.
1.3 This test method is applicable to a variety of dissolved gases; however, for the present standard, only methane, ethane, ethylene, and propane were validated. In order to validate for a gas not listed in this method, the analyst would need to establish the saturation concentration of the new gas, and establish a valid curve, method detection limits, and demonstration of capability following the procedures outlined in this method.
1.4 It is the analyst’s responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for dissolved gases other than methane, ethane, ethylene, and propane and other sample matrices.
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 A single laboratory study was done in order to establish precision and bias for the surrogate (see Section 16).
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D8028 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Dissolved Gases Methane, Ethane,
Ethylene, and Propane by Static Headspace Sampling and
1
Flame Ionization Detection (GC/FID)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8028; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dis-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
solved gases methane, ethane, ethylene, and propane in
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
drinking, waste, and ground waters, including domestic wells
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
whether naturally occurring or resulting from commercial
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
activities, or both. This test method has an analytical range
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
from 10 µg/Lto 11 000 µg/Lfor methane, and 10 µg/Lto 5000
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
µg/L for ethane, ethylene, and propane. If a sample has a
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
dissolved gas concentration above the calibration range, the
sample would require dilution. Other analytical ranges may be
2. Referenced Documents
used as long as the instrument calibration encompasses the
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
desired range and demonstrates adequate linearity.
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
1.2 This test method is applicable to samples collected at a
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
nominal ambient pressure. Samples collected under high
D8006 Guide for Sampling and Analysis of Residential and
pressures, that is, above ambient pressure, may not be accu-
Commercial Water Supply Wells in Areas of Exploration
rately analyzed using this method.
and Production (E&P) Operations
1.3 This test method is applicable to a variety of dissolved
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
gases;however,forthepresentstandard,onlymethane,ethane,
ASTM Test Methods
ethylene, and propane were validated. In order to validate for
E355 Practice for Gas ChromatographyTerms and Relation-
a gas not listed in this method, the analyst would need to
ships
establish the saturation concentration of the new gas, and
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
establish a valid curve, method detection limits, and demon-
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
stration of capability following the procedures outlined in this
2.2 Federal Standards:
method.
40 CFR Part 136, Appendix B Definition and Procedure for
1.4 It is the analyst’s responsibility to ensure the validity of
the Determination of the Method Detection Limit, Revi-
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thistestmethodfordissolvedgasesotherthanmethane,ethane,
sion 1.11
ethylene, and propane and other sample matrices.
PA-DEP 3686 Light Hydrocarbons in Aqueous Samples via
Headspace and Gas Chromatography with Flame Ioniza-
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
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tion Detection (GC/FID), Revision 0, April 2012
as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in
SW-846 Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste: Physical/
this standard.
1.6 Asingle laboratory study was done in order to establish
precision and bias for the surrogate (see Section 16).
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the ASTM website.
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Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001, http://
andisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD19.06onMethodsforAnalysisfor www.access.gpo.gov.
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Organic Substances in Water. Available from Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (PA-
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017. Published December 2017. DOI: DEP), Headquarters, Rachel Carson State Office Building, 400 Market Street,
10.1520/D8028-17. Harrisburg, PA 17101, http://www.dep.state.pa.us.
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