ASTM A771/A771M-95(2001)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Seamless Austenitic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubing for Liquid Metal-Cooled Reactor Core Components (Withdrawn 2004)
Standard Specification for Seamless Austenitic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubing for Liquid Metal-Cooled Reactor Core Components (Withdrawn 2004)
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers seamless annealed or cold-worked, austenitic or martensitic stainless steel tubing of 0.100 to 1.0 in. [2.5 to 25 mm] outside diameter with wall thickness of 0.050 in. [1.3 mm] or less for use at high temperature in liquid metal-cooled reactor plants.
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.3 This specification and the applicable material specifications are expressed in both inch-pound and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable "M" specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished in inch-pound units.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This specification covers seamless annealed or cold-worked, austenitic or martensitic stainless steel tubing of 0.100 to 1.0 in. [2.5 to 25 mm] outside diameter with wall thickness of 0.050 in. [1.3 mm] or less for use at high temperature in liquid metal-cooled reactor plants.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee A01 on Steel, this specification was withdrawn without replacement in October 2004. This specification was developed for the sole support of, and application to, since-abandoned programs in a facility that no longer operates. No producer sponsors or user sponsors exist.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A 771/A 771M – 95 (Reapproved 2001)
Standard Specification for
Seamless Austenitic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubing
for Liquid Metal-Cooled Reactor Core Components
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 771/A 771M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E 45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content
of Steel
1.1 This specification covers seamless annealed or cold-
E 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination
worked, austenitic or martensitic stainless steel tubing of 0.100
E 213 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Metal Pipe
to 1.0 in. [2.5 to 25 mm] outside diameter with wall thickness
and Tubing
of 0.050 in. [1.3 mm] or less for use at high temperature in
E 384 Test Method for Microhardness of Materials
liquid metal-cooled reactor plants.
E 407 Practice for Microetching Metals and Alloys
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
2.2 ANSI Standard:
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
B46.1 Surface Texture
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
2.3 ASNT Standard:
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Nondestructive
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
Testing Personnel Qualification and Certification
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
2.4 ASME Standard:
cation.
NQA-1 Quality Assurance Program Requirements for
1.3 This specification and the applicable material specifica-
Nuclear Facilities
tions are expressed in both inch-pound and SI units. However,
unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification
3. Ordering Information
designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished in
3.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
inch-pound units.
requirements that are necessary for the safe and satisfactory
2. Referenced Documents performance of material ordered under this specification.
Examples of such requirements include but are not limited to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the following:
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
2,3
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
of Steel Products
3.1.2 Name of material (seamless tubes),
A 380 Practice for Cleaning, Descaling and Passivation of
3.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and Systems
3.1.4 Annealing and tempering requirements for martensitic
A 450/A 450M Specification for General Requirements for
grades,
Carbon, Ferritic Alloy, and Austenitic Alloy Steel Tubes
3.1.5 Condition (cold-worked, annealed, or thermomechani-
D 129 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Gen-
cal condition),
eral Bomb Method)
3.1.6 Dimensions:
D 808 Test Method for Chlorine in New and Used Petro-
3.1.6.1 Diameter and length (tubing dimensions or appli-
leum Products (Bomb Method)
5 cable drawings),
E 3 Methods of Preparation of Metallographic Specimens
3.1.6.2 Ovality (tolerances on roundness),
E 21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests
3.1.6.3 Wall thickness and eccentricity,
of Metallic Materials
3.1.6.4 Straightness,
3.1.7 Tubing end configuration,
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1995. Published January 1996. Originally Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd St., 13th
published as A 771 – 80. Last previous edition A 771 – 88. Floor, New York, NY 10036.
2 8
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03. Available from American Society for Nondestructive Testing, 914 Chicago
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01. Ave., Evanston, IL 60202.
4 9
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. Available from ASME International, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01. 10016–5990.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A 771/A 771M – 95 (2001)
TABLE 1 Alloy Composition Limits for Austenitic Stainless Steel
provided to maintain the identity of tubing at all times. The
Tubing
manufacturer shall submit his proposed handling methods to
Grade UNS Designation TP 316 . .
the purchaser for approval prior to use.
S31600 S38660 S42100
5.4 Heat Treating:
Element Weight, %
5.4.1 Austenitic Grades—All annealing operations shall be
Carbon 0.040–0.060 0.030–0.050 0.17–0.23
performed by use of the continuous bright-hydrogen annealing
Manganese 1.00–2.00 1.65–2.35 0.40–0.70
process unless otherwise specified by the purchaser. The dew
Phosphorus, max 0.040 0.040 0.040
Sulfur, max 0.010 0.010 0.010 point of the gas at the hydrogen inlet shall be less than −80°F
Silicon 0.50–0.75 0.50–1.00 0.20–0.30
[−62°C], and the dew point of the hydrogen at exit shall not
Nickel 13.0–14.0 14.5–16.5 0.30–0.80
exceed −40°F [−40°C]. The temperature and time shall be
Chromium 17.0–18.0 12.5–14.5 11.0–12.5
Molybdenum 2.00–3.00 1.50–2.50 0.80–1.20 selected to ensure carbide solution. The temperature of the final
A
Titanium . . . 0.10–0.40 .
anneal shall be demonstrated by thermocouple readings during
Columbium, max 0.050 0.050 0.050 max
furnace profile measurements with the thermocouple on the
Tantalum, max 0.020 0.020 . . .
Tungsten . . . . . . 0.40–0.60
inside of tubes ½ in. [13 mm] or larger and on the outside of
Nitrogen, max 0.010 0.005 . . .
smaller tubes. Cooling shall be at a rate rapid enough to avoid
Aluminum, max 0.050 0.050 0.050
visible carbide precipitation as described in 10.5 unless a
Arsenic, max 0.030 0.030 . . .
Boron, max 0.0020 0.0020 . . .
specific thermomechanical treatment is specified in Section 3.
Cobalt, max 0.050 0.050 . . .
5.4.2 Martensitic Grades—Martensitic grades shall be an-
Copper, max 0.04 0.04 . . .
nealed and tempered as specified in the order.
Vanadium, max 0.05 0.05 0.25–0.35
A 5.5 Condition—Tubing shall be furnished in the annealed,
Aim for 0.25.
cold-worked, or thermomechanical condition as specified in
Section 3.
3.1.8 Percent of cold work,
5.6 Cold Work—Cold-worked tubing shall be plug drawn
3.1.9 Number of tension tests and tensile properties at other
subsequent to the final bright anneal. Percent cold work shall
cold-work levels,
be as specified in Section 3 and shall be based upon the
3.1.10 Packaging,
reduction in transverse area or change in weight per unit
3.1.11 Surface roughness,
length. Cold-worked tubing shall be cold-drawn to finished
3.1.12 Grain size,
size and delivered without further heat treatment.
3.1.13 Identification,
5.6.1 Cold-Work Determination—Calculate percent cold
3.1.14 Surface condition, and
work determined by reduction in transverse area at each end
3.1.15 Sampling levels.
and center of selected tubes as follows:
4. General Requirements for Delivery A 2 A
1 2
CW 5 3 100 (1)
A
4.1 Material supplied under this specification shall conform
to the applicable requirements of Specification A 450/ A 450M
where:
unless otherwise specified herein.
CW = percent cold work,
A = tubing cross-sectional area prior to
5. Manufacture
final cold draw, and
5.1 Melting—The steel shall be made by a double-vacuum
A = tubing cross-sectional area after final cold draw.
melting process. Unless an alternative melting process has
Cross-sectional area shall be based upon average diameter at
been approved in writing by the purchaser, the process shall
each location.
consist of a vacuum induction melt followed by a consumable
5.6.2 Calculate percent cold work determined by change in
electrode vacuum-arc remelt. Additions of rare earths during
weight per unit length as follows:
melting are prohibited unless approved by the purchaser.
W 2 W
1 2
5.2 Tubemaking—Tubing shall be made by a seamless
CW 5 3 100 (2)
W
process. Tubemaking processes shall have been previously
qualified as acceptable. Free sinking to final size is prohibited.
where:
There shall be no drawing “chatter” and straightener “ripples” CW = percent cold work,
and other process variables that affect nondestructive exami- W = weight per unit length of tubing
prior to final cold draw, and
nation. Surface-finishing processes, such as belt polishing and
W = weight per unit length of tubing after final cold draw.
other mechanical conditioning of the finished tubing, are
prohibited. Any in-process conditioning procedures shall be
approved prior to use. Chemical pickling of tubing (in-process 5.6.3 The cold-draw procedure and method for measuring
percent cold work shall be submitted to the purchaser for
and finished) is not permitted unless approved by the purchaser
prior to use. review and approval prior to use.
5.3 Special Handling—Handling methods shall minimize 5.7 Lot Size—Tube lots shall be limited to a maximum of
tube-to-tube contact during processing, cleaning, annealing, 5000 ft [1500 m] of the same nominal size, produced from the
and storage, and shall be consistent with the preservation of a same heat, fabricated by the same reduction sequence, cold-
mar-free surface finish. Special handling procedures shall be reduced in the same manner, and annealed in the same
A 771/A 771M – 95 (2001)
annealing charge (or produced in one continuous run if 8.4 Straightness—The tubing shall be free of bends or
annealed in a continuous furnace). kinks, and the straightness shall be as specified in Section 3 or
5.8 Identification—Tubes shall be marked to assure indi- the applicable drawing. Final hand straightening shall not be
vidual tube identity and processed in a manner that will permitted unless approved by the purchaser.
maintain traceability back to the heat. The supplier shall
identify individual cladding tubes with a lot code and a 9. Surface Requirements
sequential number as specified in Section 3. The numbering
9.1 Surface Condition—The finished tubing shall be free of
system shall be designed to identify manufacturer, lot, and tube
visible oxide, scale, splits, laps, cracks, seams, protrusions, gall
number. Tubes shall be marked using electrolytic etching
marks, inclusions and other defects of a kind and to the extent
techniques approved by the purchaser.
specified in Section 3. Finished tubing shall exhibit an as-
drawn finish and shall not be conditioned by surface grinding,
6. Chemical Composition
belt sanding, or other mechanical processes.
6.1 Finished tubing shall conform to the requirements as to
9.2 Surface Roughness, Tube Hollows—Tube hollow sur-
chemical composition prescribed in Table 1. Ingots shall be
face roughness shall not exceed 63 μin. [1.6 μm] arithmetic
analyzed and the results shall be reported to the purchaser for
average (ANSI B46.1).
information prior to fabrication.
9.3 Surface Roughness, Finished Tubing—Finished tubing
external surfaces and samples of internal surfaces shall not
7. Mechanical Properties
exceed the surface roughness specified in Section 3 and shall
be free of scratches, dents, scuff marks, or pitting that exceeds
7.1 Tensile Properties—Tensile properties of finished an-
0.001 in. [0.025 mm] in depth.
nealed or cold-worked Type 316 and cold-worked S 38660
9.4 Cleaning—Finished tubing shall be cleaned in nitric
stainless steel tubing tested at room temperature and at 1000°F
acid prior to final inspection tests. Cleaning shall be in
[538°C] shall meet the requirements in Table 2. Tensile
accordance with Practice A 380 using a 20 to 40 volume %
properties of finished tubing of other grades and conditions and
nitric acid solution at room temperature. Tubes shall be
the number of tests shall be as specified in Section 3.
thoroughly rinsed in 0.25 MV-cm deionized water, and dried.
7.2 Hardness—Vickers microhardness tests shall be per-
formed on each lot of the finished cold-worked tubing. Hard-
10. Additional Test Requirements
ness shall be 220 to 290 using a 0.5-kgf load (231 to 304 HK).
Microhardness shall be measured on mounted and polished
10.1 Where lot qualification is listed, the lot shall be
tube samples of full cross section, by procedures described in
accepted only when all of the required number of samples meet
Test Method E 384. At least six indentations per sample shall
the referenced requirements. Sampling levels shall be as
be taken with the indents comprising a traverse across the tube
specified in Section 3. Referenced test methods are the pre-
wall thickness. The number of tubes tested in each lot shall not
ferred methods. Actual methods used shall be equal to or better
be less than the number of tension tests required.
than the methods referenced and shall be approved by the
purchaser prior to use.
8. Dimensions
10.2 Grain Size—The grain size of tubing material follow-
ing the final anneal and prior to cold drawing shall be as
8.1 Diameter, Length, and End Configuration—Diameter,
length, and end configuration for the finished tubing shall be as specified in Section 3.
specified in Section 3. 10.3 Inclusions—The inclusion content of the hot-worked
8.2 Ovality—Tubing ovality shall be as specified in Section bar shall not exceed the limits set forth in Table 3 when
3. determined by Practice E 45, Microscope Method D, except
8.3 Wall Thickness and Eccentricity—The wall thickness that 35 % of the total fields rated may exhibit inclusion levels
and eccentricity of finished tubing shall be as specified in up to a rating of 1 for Types A, B, C, and D combined and 3 %
Section 3. The maximum acceptable eccentricity of tube of the total fields rated may exhibit inclusion levels up to a
rating of 1 ⁄2 for Types A, B, C, and D combined. Complex
hollows shall be 5 % of the nominal wall thickness. Eccentric-
ity of intermediate sizes between the tube hollow and the carbides shall not be classified as inclusions.
finished tubing, resulting from mechanical conditioning to 10.4 Intergranular Attack—Finished tubing shall be metal-
remove surface defects, shall not exceed 5 % of the nominal lographically examined at 1003 to verify freedom from
wall thickness at that size. intergranular attack.
TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements—Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing
Alloy Test Temperature Tensile Strength, ksi [MPa] Yield Strength, ksi [MPa] Minimum Total Elongation, %
TP 316 room 75–100 [517–689] 30–50 [207–345] 40
1000°F [538°C] 55–70 [379–483] 15–30 [103–207] 30
A
TP 316 room 110–125 [758–862] 80–110 [552–758] 15
1000°F [538°C] 75–100 [517–689] 60–85 [414–586] 5
A
S38660 room 9
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