ASTM D3300-12

Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin Under Impulse Conditions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is most commonly performed using a negative polarity point opposing a grounded sphere (NPS). The NPS breakdown voltage of fresh unused oils measured in the highly divergent field in this configuration depends on oil composition, decreasing with increasing concentration of aromatic, particularly polyaromatic, hydrocarbon molecules.
This test method may be used to evaluate the continuity of composition of an oil from shipment to shipment. The NPS impulse breakdown voltage of an oil can also be substantially lowered by contact with materials of construction, by service aging, and by other impurities. Test results lower than those expected for a given fresh oil may also indicate use or contamination of that oil.
Although polarity of the voltage wave has little or no effect on the breakdown strength of an oil in uniform fields, polarity does have a marked effect on the breakdown voltage of an oil in nonuniform electric fields.
Transient voltages may also vary over a wide range in both the time to reach crest value and the time to decay to half crest or to zero magnitude. The IEEE standard lightning impulse test (see 2.2) specifies a 1.2 by 50-μs negative polarity wave.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dielectric breakdown voltage of insulating oils in a highly divergent field under impulse conditions.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2011
• ICS: 29.040.10 - Insulating oils
• Technical Committee: D27 - Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases
• Drafting Committee: D27.05 - Electrical Test

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3300 − 12
Standard Test Method for
Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Oils of
1
Petroleum Origin Under Impulse Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3300; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2 This test method may be used to evaluate the continuity
of composition of an oil from shipment to shipment. The NPS
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dielec-
impulse breakdown voltage of an oil can also be substantially
tric breakdown voltage of insulating oils in a highly divergent
lowered by contact with materials of construction, by service
field under impulse conditions.
aging, and by other impurities. Test results lower than those
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
expected for a given fresh oil may also indicate use or
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
contamination of that oil.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.3 Although polarity of the voltage wave has little or no
and are not considered standard.
effect on the breakdown strength of an oil in uniform fields,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
polaritydoeshaveamarkedeffectonthebreakdownvoltageof
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
an oil in nonuniform electric fields.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.4 Transient voltages may also vary over a wide range in
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
both the time to reach crest value and the time to decay to half
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
crest or to zero magnitude. The IEEE standard lightning
impulse test (see 2.2) specifies a 1.2 by 50-µs negative polarity
2. Referenced Documents
wave.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D923 Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids
4. Apparatus
D2864 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulating Liq-
4.1 Impulse Generator, capable of producing a standard 1.2
uids and Gases
by 50-µs full wave adjustable to positive or negative polarity.
2.2 IEEE Documents:
The generator shall have a nominal voltage rating of at least
IEEE Standard 4-1995 Techniques for High-Voltage Test-
300 kV adjustable in 10-kV steps. Generators having a
3
ing
capability of 1000 W·s (1000 J) at 300 kV have been found
satisfactory.
3. Significance and Use
4.2 Voltage-Control Equipment—The controls shall include
3.1 This test method is most commonly performed using a
a suitable measuring device for predetermining the crest
negativepolaritypointopposingagroundedsphere(NPS).The
voltage to within 65 %.Avoltage stabilizer is desirable at the
NPS breakdown voltage of fresh unused oils measured in the
input to the d-c power supply used for charging the impulse-
highly divergent field in this configuration depends on oil
generator capacitors.
composition, decreasing with increasing concentration of
4.3 Electrodes:
aromatic, particularly polyaromatic, hydrocarbon molecules.
4.3.1 Theelectrodesshallconsistofapolishedsteelorbrass
sphere of 0.5 in. (12.7 mm) diameter and a steel point. The
1
point may be an ordinary steel phonograph needle with a 0.06
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D27 on
4
Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
mm 6 20 % radius of curvature of point. Needles with drawn
mittee D27.05 on Electrical Test.
tips are not recommended.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2012. Published January 2012. Originally
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D3300 – 00(2006).
4
DOI: 10.1520/D3300-12. The following steel needle has been found satisfactory for this method: Type L
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Nickel Plated Steel Phonograph Needle.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on is Victrola Repair Service, 206 Cliff St., St. Johnsbury, VT, 05819. If you are aware
the ASTM website. of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International
3
Available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
1
Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331. responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D3300–00 (Reapproved 2006) Designation:D3300–12
Standard Test Method for
Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Oils of
1
Petroleum Origin Under Impulse Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3300; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dielectric breakdown voltage of insulating oils in a highly divergent field
under impulse conditions.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information
only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D923 Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids
D2864 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases
2.2 IEEE Documents:
3
IEEE Standard 4-1995 Techniques for High-Voltage Testing
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method is most commonly performed using a negative polarity point opposing a grounded sphere (NPS).The NPS
breakdown voltage of fresh unused oils measured in the highly divergent field in this configuration depends on oil composition,
decreasing with increasing concentration of aromatic, particularly polyaromatic, hydrocarbon molecules.
3.2 This test method may be used to evaluate the continuity of composition of an oil from shipment to shipment. The NPS
impulse breakdown voltage of an oil can also be substantially lowered by contact with materials of construction, by service aging,
and by other impurities. Test results lower than those expected for a given fresh oil may also indicate use or contamination of that
oil.
3.3 Although polarity of the voltage wave has little or no effect on the breakdown strength of an oil in uniform fields, polarity
does have a marked effect on the breakdown voltage of an oil in nonuniform electric fields.
3.4 Transient voltages may also vary over a wide range in both the time to reach crest value and the time to decay to half crest
or to zero magnitude. The IEEE standard lightning impulse test (see 2.2) specifies a 1.2 by 50-µs negative polarity wave.
4. Apparatus
4.1 Impulse Generator, capable of producing a standard 1.2 by 50-µs full wave adjustable to positive or negative polarity. The
generator shall have a nominal voltage rating of at least 300 kV adjustable in 10-kV steps. Generators having a capability of 1000
W·s (1000 J) at 300 kV have been found satisfactory.
4.2 Voltage-Control Equipment—The controls shall include a suitable measuring device for predetermining the crest voltage to
within 65 %. A voltage stabilizer is desirable at the input to the d-c power supply used for charging the impulse-generator
capacitors.
4.3 Electrodes:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D27 on Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D27.05
on Electrical Test.
Current edition approved Nov.Jan. 1, 2006.2012. Published January 2007.2012. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 20002006 as
D3300 – 00(2006). DOI: 10.1520/D3300-00R06.10.1520/D3300-12.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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D3300–12
4.3.1 The electrodes shall consist of a polished steel or brass sphere of 0.5 in. (12.7 mm) diameter and a steel point. The point
may be an ordinary steel phonograph needle with a 0.06 mm 6 20 % radius of curvature of point or a No. 18 Filter Point
4
...