ASTM D3385-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Infiltration Rate of Soils in Field Using Double-Ring Infiltrometer
Standard Test Method for Infiltration Rate of Soils in Field Using Double-Ring Infiltrometer
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is useful for field measurement of the infiltration rate of soils. Infiltration rates have application to such studies as liquid waste disposal, evaluation of potential septic-tank disposal fields, leaching and drainage efficiencies, irrigation requirements, water spreading and recharge, and canal or reservoir leakage, among other applications.
5.2 Although the units of infiltration rate and hydraulic conductivity of soils are similar, there is a distinct difference between these two quantities. They cannot be directly related unless the hydraulic boundary conditions are known, such as hydraulic gradient and the extent of lateral flow of water, or can be reliably estimated.
5.3 The purpose of the outer ring is to promote one-dimensional, vertical flow beneath the inner ring.
5.4 Many factors affect the infiltration rate, for example the soil structure, soil layering, condition of the soil surface, degree of saturation of the soil, chemical and physical nature of the soil and of the applied liquid, head of the applied liquid, temperature of the liquid, and diameter and depth of embedment of rings.3 Thus, tests made at the same site are not likely to give identical results and the rate measured by the test method described in this standard is primarily for comparative use.
5.5 Some aspects of the test, such as the length of time the tests should be conducted and the head of liquid to be applied, must depend upon the experience of the user, the purpose for testing, and the kind of information that is sought.
Note 1: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable re...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for field measurement of the rate of infiltration of liquid (typically water) into soils using double-ring infiltrometer.
1.2 The infiltrometer is installed by driving into the soil. The infiltrometer also may be installed in a trench excavated in dry or stiff soils.
1.3 Soils should be regarded as natural occurring soils or processed materials or mixtures of natural soils and processed materials, or other porous materials, and which are basically insoluble and are in accordance with requirements of 1.6.
1.4 This test method is particularly applicable to relatively uniform fine-grained soils, with an absence of very plastic (fat) clays and gravel-size particles and with moderate to low resistance to ring penetration.
1.5 This test method may be conducted at the ground surface or at given depths in pits, and on bare soil or with vegetation in place, depending on the conditions for which infiltration rates are desired. However, this test method cannot be conducted where the test surface is below the groundwater table or perched water table.
1.6 This test method is difficult to use or the resultant data may be unreliable, or both, in very pervious or impervious soils (soils with a hydraulic conductivity greater than about 10−2 cm/s or less than about 1 × 10−5 cm/s) or in dry or stiff soils if these fracture when the rings are installed. For soils with hydraulic conductivity less than 1 × 10−5 cm/s refer to Test Method D5093.
1.7 This test method cannot be used directly to determine the hydraulic conductivity (coefficient of permeability) of the soil (see 5.2).
1.8 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are mathematical conversions, which are provided for information purposes only and are not considered standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,...
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D3385 −18
Standard Test Method for
Infiltration Rate of Soils in Field Using Double-Ring
1
Infiltrometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3385; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 1.8 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for field mea-
mathematical conversions, which are provided for information
surement of the rate of infiltration of liquid (typically water)
purposes only and are not considered standard.
into soils using double-ring infiltrometer.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.2 Theinfiltrometerisinstalledbydrivingintothesoil.The
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
infiltrometer also may be installed in a trench excavated in dry
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
or stiff soils.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 Soils should be regarded as natural occurring soils or
1.10 This international standard was developed in accor-
processed materials or mixtures of natural soils and processed
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
materials, or other porous materials, and which are basically
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
insoluble and are in accordance with requirements of 1.6.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.4 This test method is particularly applicable to relatively
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
uniformfine-grainedsoils,withanabsenceofveryplastic(fat)
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
clays and gravel-size particles and with moderate to low
resistance to ring penetration.
2. Referenced Documents
2
1.5 This test method may be conducted at the ground
2.1 ASTM Standards:
surface or at given depths in pits, and on bare soil or with D653Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
vegetation in place, depending on the conditions for which
Fluids
infiltration rates are desired. However, this test method cannot D1452Practice for Soil Exploration and Sampling byAuger
be conducted where the test surface is below the groundwater
Borings
table or perched water table. D2216Test Methods for Laboratory Determination ofWater
(Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
1.6 This test method is difficult to use or the resultant data
D2488Practice for Description and Identification of Soils
maybeunreliable,orboth,inveryperviousorimpervioussoils
−2 (Visual-Manual Procedures)
(soils with a hydraulic conductivity greater than about 10
D3740Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
−5
cm/s or less than about 1×10 cm/s) or in dry or stiff soils if
Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
these fracture when the rings are installed. For soils with
Used in Engineering Design and Construction
−5
hydraulic conductivity less than 1×10 cm/s refer to Test
D5093Test Method for Field Measurement of Infiltration
Method D5093.
Rate Using Double-Ring Infiltrometer with Sealed-Inner
1.7 This test method cannot be used directly to determine
Ring
the hydraulic conductivity (coefficient of permeability) of the
3. Terminology
soil (see 5.2).
3.1 Definitions—For common definitions of technical terms
in this standard, refer to Terminology D653.
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoiland
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.04 on Hydrologic
2
Properties and Hydraulic Barriers. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved March 1, 2018. Published April 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D3385–09. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D3385-18. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3385−18
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: 5.5 Some aspects of the te
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3385 − 09 D3385 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Infiltration Rate of Soils in Field Using Double-Ring
1
Infiltrometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3385; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for field measurement of the rate of infiltration of liquid (typically water) into soils
using double-ring infiltrometer.
1.2 The infiltrometer is installed by driving into the soil. The infiltrometer also may be installed in a trench excavated in dry
or stiff soils.
1.3 Soils should be regarded as natural occurring fine or coarse-grained soils or processed materials or mixtures of natural soils
and processed materials, or other porous materials, and which are basically insoluble and are in accordance with requirements of
1.51.6.
1.4 This test method is particularly applicable to relatively uniform fine-grained soils, with an absence of very plastic (fat) clays
and gravel-size particles and with moderate to low resistance to ring penetration.
1.5 This test method may be conducted at the ground surface or at given depths in pits, and on bare soil or with vegetation in
place, depending on the conditions for which infiltration rates are desired. However, this test method cannot be conducted where
the test surface is below the groundwater table or perched water table.
1.6 This test method is difficult to use or the resultant data may be unreliable, or both, in very pervious or impervious soils (soils
−2 −6−5
with a hydraulic conductivity greater than about 10 cm/s or less than about 1 × 10 cm/s) or in dry or stiff soils that most
−6−5
likely will if these fracture when the rings are installed. For soils with hydraulic conductivity less than 1 × 10 cm/s refer to
Test Method D5093.
1.7 This test method cannot be used directly to determine the hydraulic conductivity (coefficient of permeability) of the soil (see
5.2).
1.8 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are
mathematical conversions, which are provided for information purposes only and are not considered standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
D1452 Practice for Soil Exploration and Sampling by Auger Borings
D2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.04 on Hydrologic Properties
and Hydraulic Barriers.
Current edition approved March 1, 2009March 1, 2018. Published March 2009April 2018. Originally approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 20032009 as
D3385 – 03.D3385 – 09. DOI: 10.1520/D3385-09.10.1520/D3385-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3385 − 18
D2488 Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedures)
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in
Engineering Design and Constructio
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.