ASTM D7615/D7615M-11(2018)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Open-Hole Fatigue Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
Standard Practice for Open-Hole Fatigue Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice provides supplemental instructions for using Test Methods D5766/D5766M or D6484/D6484M to obtain open-hole fatigue data for material specifications, research and development, material design allowables, and quality assurance. The primary property that results is the fatigue life of the test specimen under a specific loading and environmental condition. Replicate tests may be used to obtain a distribution of fatigue life for specific material types, laminate stacking sequences, environments, and loading conditions. Guidance in statistical analysis of fatigue data, such as determination of linearized stress life (S-N) curves, can be found in Practice E739.
5.2 This practice can be utilized in the study of fatigue damage in a polymer matrix composite open-hole specimen such as the occurrence of microscopic cracks, fiber fractures, or delaminations. The change in strength associated with fatigue damage may be determined by discontinuing cyclic loading to obtain the static strength using Test Methods D5766/D5766M or D6484/D6484M.
Note 2: This practice may be used as a guide to conduct variable amplitude loading. This information can be useful in the understanding of fatigue behavior of composite structures under spectrum loading conditions, but is not covered in this standard.
5.3 Factors that influence open-hole fatigue response and shall therefore be reported include the following: material, methods of material fabrication, accuracy of lay-up, laminate stacking sequence and overall thickness, specimen geometry, specimen preparation (especially of the hole), specimen conditioning, environment of testing, type of support fixture, specimen alignment and gripping, test frequency, force (stress) ratio, normal stress magnitude, void content, and volume percent reinforcement. Properties that result include the following:
5.3.1 Specimen stiffness versus fatigue life curves for selected normal stress values.
5.3.2 Normal stress versus specimen st...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides instructions for modifying static open-hole tensile and compressive strength test methods to determine the fatigue behavior of composite materials subjected to cyclic tensile or compressive forces, or both. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites in which the laminate is both symmetric and balanced with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.
1.2 This practice supplements Test Methods D5766/D5766M and D6484/D6484M with provisions for testing specimens under cyclic loading. Several important test specimen parameters (for example, fatigue force(stress) ratio) are not mandated by this practice; however, repeatable results require that these parameters be specified and reported.
1.3 This practice is limited to test specimens subjected to constant amplitude uniaxial loading, where the machine is controlled so that the test specimen is subjected to repetitive constant amplitude force (stress) cycles. Either engineering stress or applied force may be used as a constant amplitude fatigue variable. The repetitive loadings may be tensile, compressive, or reversed, depending upon the test specimen and procedure utilized.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4.1 Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulato...
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Designation: D7615/D7615M − 11 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Practice for
Open-Hole Fatigue Response of Polymer Matrix Composite
1
Laminates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7615/D7615M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This practice provides instructions for modifying static
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
open-hole tensile and compressive strength test methods to
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
determine the fatigue behavior of composite materials sub-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
jected to cyclic tensile or compressive forces, or both. The
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber rein-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
forced polymer matrix composites in which the laminate is
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
both symmetric and balanced with respect to the test direction.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
described in 8.2.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.2 This practice supplements Test Methods D5766/
D5766M and D6484/D6484M with provisions for testing 2. Referenced Documents
2
specimens under cyclic loading. Several important test speci-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
men parameters (for example, fatigue force(stress) ratio) are
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
not mandated by this practice; however, repeatable results
D3878Terminology for Composite Materials
require that these parameters be specified and reported.
D5229/D5229MTestMethodforMoistureAbsorptionProp-
1.3 This practice is limited to test specimens subjected to erties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix
constant amplitude uniaxial loading, where the machine is Composite Materials
controlled so that the test specimen is subjected to repetitive D5766/D5766M Test Method for Open-Hole Tensile
constant amplitude force (stress) cycles. Either engineering Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
stress or applied force may be used as a constant amplitude D6484/D6484MTest Method for Open-Hole Compressive
fatigue variable. The repetitive loadings may be tensile, Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
compressive, or reversed, depending upon the test specimen E4Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
and procedure utilized. E6Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E83Practice for Verification and Classification of Exten-
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
someter Systems
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
E122PracticeforCalculatingSampleSizetoEstimate,With
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
Lot or Process
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
with the standard.
ASTM Test Methods
1.4.1 Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in
E456Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
brackets.
E467Practice for Verification of Constant Amplitude Dy-
namic Forces in an Axial Fatigue Testing System
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D30 on Composite
MaterialsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD30.05onStructuralTest
2
Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved April 1, 2018. Published May 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D7615/D7615M–11. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D7615_D7615M-11R18. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7615/D7615M − 11 (2018)
E739PracticeforStatisticalAnalysisofLinearorLinearized 3.2.9 run-out, n—in fatigue,anupperlimitonthenumberof
Stress-Life (S-N) and Strain-Life (ε-N) Fatigue Data force cycles to be applied.
E1309 Guide for Identification of Fiber-Reinforced
3.2.10 spectrum
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7615/D7615M − 11 D7615/D7615M − 11 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Practice for
Open-Hole Fatigue Response of Polymer Matrix Composite
1
Laminates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7615/D7615M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice provides instructions for modifying static open-hole tensile and compressive strength test methods to
determine the fatigue behavior of composite materials subjected to cyclic tensile or compressive forces, or both. The composite
material forms are limited to continuous-fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites in which the laminate is both symmetric and
balanced with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.
1.2 This practice supplements Test Methods D5766/D5766M and D6484/D6484M with provisions for testing specimens under
cyclic loading. Several important test specimen parameters (for example, fatigue force(stress) ratio) are not mandated by this
practice; however, repeatable results require that these parameters be specified and reported.
1.3 This practice is limited to test specimens subjected to constant amplitude uniaxial loading, where the machine is controlled
so that the test specimen is subjected to repetitive constant amplitude force (stress) cycles. Either engineering stress or applied force
may be used as a constant amplitude fatigue variable. The repetitive loadings may be tensile, compressive, or reversed, depending
upon the test specimen and procedure utilized.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4.1 Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
D5229/D5229M Test Method for Moisture Absorption Properties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix Composite
Materials
D5766/D5766M Test Method for Open-Hole Tensile Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
D6484/D6484M Test Method for Open-Hole Compressive Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Extensometer Systems
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a Lot or
Process
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.05 on Structural Test
Methods.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2011April 1, 2018. Published February 2011May 2018.DOI: 10.1520/D7615_D7615M-11. Originally approved in 2011. Last previous
edition approved in 2011 as D7615/D7615M–11. DOI: 10.1520/D7615_D7615M-11R18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7615/D7615M − 11 (2018)
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E456 Terminology Relating to Qual
...
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