ASTM D2098-21

Standard Test Method for Dynamic Water Resistance of Shoe Upper Leather by the Dow Corning Leather Tester

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method is intended to estimate the water resistance of shoe upper leather. The flex imparted to the leather is a magnification of the flex given the vamp of the shoe in actual wear.
Note 1: There is an indication that this test method cannot be used interchangeably for specification purposes with Test Method D2099.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dynamic water resistance of shoe upper leather by means of the Dow Corning Tester. It is applicable to all types of shoe upper leather. This test method does not apply to wet blue or wet white.  
1.2 Initial water penetration and water absorption can be measured.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2021
• ICS: 59.140.30 - Leather and furs
• Technical Committee: D31 - Leather
• Drafting Committee: D31.03 - Footwear

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2098 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Dynamic Water Resistance of Shoe Upper Leather by the
1
Dow Corning Leather Tester
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2098; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dy-
3.1 This test method is intended to estimate the water
namic water resistance of shoe upper leather by means of the
resistance of shoe upper leather. The flex imparted to the
Dow Corning Tester. It is applicable to all types of shoe upper
leatherisamagnificationoftheflexgiventhevampoftheshoe
leather. This test method does not apply to wet blue or wet in actual wear.
white.
NOTE 1—There is an indication that this test method cannot be used
1.2 Initial water penetration and water absorption can be interchangeably for specification purposes with Test Method D2099.
measured.
4. Apparatus
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical 4.1 Balance, sensitive to 0.01 g.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4.2 Dow Corning Leather Tester, as shown in Fig. 1,orits
and are not considered standard.
equivalent. The essential features of the machine are as
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
follows:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.2.1 Aspecimen holder made of two vertical clamps. Each
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
clamp shall have two stainless steel arms (7.5 in. by 0.5 in. by
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
0.5 in. (190.5 mm by 12.7 mm by 12.7 mm)), one arm fixed,
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the other moveable. One clamp shall be mounted on a
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
horizontal reciprocating shaft, that is, attached by a connecting
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
link to a motor driven eccentric, which turns at 60 r⁄min. The
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
bottom of the clamps shall be in the same horizontal plane. In
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
one rotation of the eccentric, the minimum distance between
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
clamps shall be 1.50 in. 6 0.01 in. (38.1 mm 6 0.25 mm)
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
(inside measurement) and the maximum distance between
clamps 2.50 in. 6 0.01 in. (63.5 mm 6 0.25 mm) (inside
2. Referenced Documents
measurement).
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: 4.2.2 Water Tank made of stainless steel or other noncorro-
D1610 Practice for Conditioning Leather and Leather Prod- sive material. It shall be of such a size that it can be placed
ucts for Testing around the clamps, and of such a depth that when in position
D2099 Test Method for Dynamic Water Resistance of Shoe for use, the top of the pan is at least 2.5 in. (63.5 mm) above
Upper Leather by the Maeser Water Penetration Tester the bottom of the clamps, and the bottom of the pan is at least
0.5 in. (12.7 mm) below the bottom of the clamps.
4.2.3 Two systems shall be used to record the number of
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather
cycles through which the specimen is flexed. One shall be a
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.03 on Footwear. This test
mechanical reset counter connected to the movable clamp. The
method was developed in cooperation with the American Leather Chemists Assn.
other system shall be electrical. The resistance across the
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2021. Published January 2022. Originally
electrodes shall be 7500 ohms 6 500 ohms. The sensing
approved in 1962 as D2098–62T. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as
D2098–13. DOI: 10.1520/D2098-21.
electrode shown is inside a leather specimen filled with
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
stainless-steel balls. The common electrode is in a salt solution
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
which is in continuous contact with the specimen during
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. flexing. Switch S when manually c
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2098 − 13 D2098 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Dynamic Water Resistance of Shoe Upper Leather by the
1
Dow Corning Leather Tester
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2098; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dynamic water resistance of shoe upper leather by means of the Dow Corning
Tester. It has been revised to show the state of the art in the equipment used in testing. It is applicable to all types of shoe upper
leather. This test method does not apply to wet blue. blue or wet white.
1.2 Initial water penetration and water absorption can be measured.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1610 Practice for Conditioning Leather and Leather Products for Testing
D2099 Test Method for Dynamic Water Resistance of Shoe Upper Leather by the Maeser Water Penetration Tester
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method is intended to estimate the water resistance of shoe upper leather. The flex imparted to the leather is a
magnification of the flex given the vamp of the shoe in actual wear.
NOTE 1—There is an indication that this test method cannot be used interchangeably for specification purposes with Test Method D2099.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leather and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.03 on Footwear. This test method
was developed in cooperation with the American Leather Chemists Assn.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2013Dec. 1, 2021. Published November 2013January 2022. Originally approved in 1962 as D2098–62T. Last previous edition approved
in 20122013 as D2098–04(2012).D2098–13. DOI: 10.1520/D2098-13.10.1520/D2098-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D2098 − 21
4. Apparatus
4.1 Balance, sensitive to 0.01 g.
4.2 Dow Corning Leather Tester, as shown in Fig. 1, or its equivalent. The essential features of the machine are as follows:
4.2.1 A specimen holder made of two vertical clamps. Each clamp shall have two stainless steel arms (7.5(7.5 in. by 0.50.5 in. by
0.5 in. (190.5(190.5 mm by 12.712.7 mm by 12.7 mm)), one arm fixed, the other moveable. One clamp shall be mounted on a
horizontal reciprocating shaft, that is, attached by a connecting link to a motor driven eccentric, which turns at 6060 r r/min. ⁄min.
The bottom of the clamps shall be in the same horizontal plane. In one rotation of the eccentric, the minimum distance between
clamps shall be 1.50 6 0.01 in. (38.16 0.25 mm) 1.50 in. 6 0.01 in. (38.1 mm 6 0.25 mm) (inside measurement) and the
maximum distance between clamps 2.502.50 in. 6 0.01 in. (63.5(63.5 mm 6 0.25 mm) 0.25 mm) (inside measurement).
4.2.2 Water Tank made of stainless steel or other noncorrosive material. It shall be of such a size that it can be placed around the
clamps, and of such a depth that when in position for use, the top of the pan is at least 2.5 in. (63.5 mm) above the bottom of the
clamps, and the bottom of the pan is
...