ASTM D2115-10

Standard Practice for Oven Heat Stability of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Compositions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Poly(vinyl chloride) compositions degrade by discoloration on prolonged exposure to heat. The degree of discoloration is related to the condition of exposure, such as length of period and temperature. When the conditions of exposure are fixed and controlled, then the relative resistance to discoloration due to heat of two or more compositions is able to be determined. The precision of heat stability testing is also dependent on the thickness of the specimens and the history of heat exposure prior to testing. This practice allows for control or the reporting of these variables.
This practice is particularly applicable for determining gross differences in the heat stabilities of poly(vinyl chloride) compositions that are detectable as a color change. It is not intended to measure absolute thermal stability. Although the observed color changes may be evidence of degradation, molecular degradation phenomena such as chain-scission or cross-linking may not be identifiable.
Note 2—While discoloration caused by exposure to elevated temperature is commonly regarded as evidence of degradation in poly (vinyl chloride) compositions, it must be borne in mind that some vinyl compositions may undergo substantial change in color without appreciable loss of mechanical strength, chemical resistance, etc., whereas others may resist change in color yet undergo substantial change in other properties. Therefore, resistance to discoloration should not be taken as sole evidence of thermal stability. It is recommended that this test be supplemented by others such as tensile strength and elongation, impact strength, and deflection temperature under load (for rigid compositions), Durometer hardness (for nonrigid compositions), and dilute solution viscosity, and that the test results before and after oven exposure be compared to determine the degree of degradation which has been produced in each of the properties measured.
This practice is able to predict the relative discoloration in p...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice lists procedures for determining the relative thermal stability of sheet or molded poly(vinyl chloride) compounds as indicated by discoloration due to exposure to an elevated temperature at controlled oven conditions.
1.2 A specimen preparation technique using a two-roll mill is provided for compositions that are not in molded or sheeted form.
1.3 This practice is not intended for use in purchasing specifications because the conditions of processing plastic compounds vary widely, and the degree of correlation of data obtained by this practice to process exposure has not been determined. However, despite this limitation, this practice does yield data of value in judging the comparative service quality of poly(vinyl chloride) compositions.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are given for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—This standard is similar in content, but not technically equivalent to ISO 305–1990.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2010
• ICS: 83.080.20 - Thermoplastic materials
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.15 - Thermoplastic Materials

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2115-04 - Standard Practice for Oven Heat Stability of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Compositions
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2115 − 10
Standard Practice for
1
Oven Heat Stability of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Compositions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2115; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO305–1990 Plastics—Determination ofThermal Stability
1.1 This practice lists procedures for determining the rela-
of Poly(Vinyl Chloride), Related Chlorine-Containing
tive thermal stability of sheet or molded poly(vinyl chloride)
Polymers and Copolymers and Their Compounds—
compounds as indicated by discoloration due to exposure to an
3
Discoloration Method
elevated temperature at controlled oven conditions.
1.2 A specimen preparation technique using a two-roll mill
3. Terminology
is provided for compositions that are not in molded or sheeted
3.1 General—Definitions are in accordance with Terminol-
form.
ogy D883 and abbreviations with Terminology D1600, unless
1.3 This practice is not intended for use in purchasing
otherwise indicated.
specifications because the conditions of processing plastic
compounds vary widely, and the degree of correlation of data 4. Significance and Use
obtained by this practice to process exposure has not been
4.1 Poly(vinyl chloride) compositions degrade by discolor-
determined. However, despite this limitation, this practice does
ation on prolonged exposure to heat. The degree of discolor-
yield data of value in judging the comparative service quality
ation is related to the condition of exposure, such as length of
of poly(vinyl chloride) compositions.
period and temperature. When the conditions of exposure are
fixed and controlled, then the relative resistance to discolor-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
ation due to heat of two or more compositions is able to be
standard. The values in parentheses are given for information
determined. The precision of heat stability testing is also
only.
dependent on the thickness of the specimens and the history of
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
heat exposure prior to testing. This practice allows for control
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
or the reporting of these variables.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 4.2 This practice is particularly applicable for determining
gross differences in the heat stabilities of poly(vinyl chloride)
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
compositions that are detectable as a color change. It is not
NOTE 1—This standard is similar in content, but not technically
intended to measure absolute thermal stability. Although the
equivalent to ISO 305–1990.
observed color changes may be evidence of degradation,
molecular degradation phenomena such as chain-scission or
2. Referenced Documents
cross-linking may not be identifiable.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
NOTE 2—While discoloration caused by exposure to elevated tempera-
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
ture is commonly regarded as evidence of degradation in poly (vinyl
D1600 Terminology forAbbreviatedTerms Relating to Plas-
chloride) compositions, it must be borne in mind that some vinyl
tics
compositions may undergo substantial change in color without appre-
ciable loss of mechanical strength, chemical resistance, etc., whereas
others may resist change in color yet undergo substantial change in other
properties. Therefore, resistance to discoloration should not be taken as
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and
sole evidence of thermal stability. It is recommended that this test be
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic Materials.
supplemented by others such as tensile strength and elongation, impact
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2010. Published September 2010. Originally
strength, and deflection temperature under load (for rigid compositions),
approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D2115 - 04. DOI:
Durometer hardness (for nonrigid compositions), and dilute solution
10.1520/D2115-10.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears a
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D2115–04 Designation: D2115 – 10
Standard Practice for
1
Oven Heat Stability of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Compositions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2115; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice lists procedures for determining the relative thermal stability of sheet or molded poly(vinyl chloride)
compounds as indicated by discoloration due to exposure to an elevated temperature at controlled oven conditions.
1.2 Aspecimen preparation technique using a two-roll mill is provided for compositions that are not in molded or sheeted form.
1.3 This practice is not intended for use in purchasing specifications because the conditions of processing plastic compounds
vary widely, and the degree of correlation of data obtained by this practice to process exposure has not been determined. However,
despite this limitation, this practice does yield data of value in judging the comparative service quality of poly(vinyl chloride)
compositions.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in bracketsparentheses are given for information
only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—This standard is similar in content, but not technically equivalent to ISO 305–1990.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics
2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO305–1990 Plastics—Determination of Thermal Stability of Poly(Vinyl Chloride), Related Chlorine-Containing Polymers
3
and Copolymers and Their Compounds—Discoloration Method
3. Terminology
3.1 General—Definitions are in accordance with Terminology D883 and abbreviations with Terminology D1600, unless
otherwise indicated.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Poly(vinyl chloride) compositions degrade by discoloration on prolonged exposure to heat. The degree of discoloration is
related to the condition of exposure, such as length of period and temperature. When the conditions of exposure are fixed and
controlled, then the relative resistance to discoloration due to heat of two or more compositions mayis able to be determined. The
precision of heat stability testing is also dependent on the thickness of the specimens and the history of heat exposure prior to
testing. This practice allows for control or the reporting of these variables.
4.2 This practice is particularly applicable for determining gross differences in the heat stabilities of poly(vinyl chloride)
compositions that are detectable as a color change. It is not intended to measure absolute thermal stability.Although the observed
color changes may be evidence of degradation, molecular degradation phenomena such as chain-scission or cross-linking may not
be identifiable.
NOTE 2—While discoloration caused by exposure to elevated temperature is commonly regarded as evidence of degradation in poly (vinyl chloride)
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic Materials.
Current edition approved MarchAug. 1, 2004.2010. Published April 2004.September 2010. Originally approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 20032004 as
D2115-92(03).D2115 - 04. DOI: 10.1520/D2115-104.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D2115 – 10
compositions, it must be borne in mind that some vinyl compositions may undergo s
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