ASTM E948-16(2020)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Electrical Performance of Photovoltaic Cells Using Reference Cells Under Simulated Sunlight
Standard Test Method for Electrical Performance of Photovoltaic Cells Using Reference Cells Under Simulated Sunlight
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a procedure for testing and reporting the electrical performance of photovoltaic cells.
5.2 The test results may be used for comparison of cells among a group of similar cells or to compare diverse designs, such as different manufacturers' products. Repeated measurements of the same cell may be used to study changes in device performance.
5.3 This test method determines the electrical performance of a photovoltaic cell at a single instant of time and the results do no imply any past or future performance.
5.4 This test method requires a linear reference cell calibrated with respect to an appropriate reference spectral irradiance distribution, such as Tables E490, or G173. It is the responsibility of the user to determine which reference spectral irradiance distribution is appropriate for a particular application.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the electrical performance of a photovoltaic cell under simulated sunlight by means of a calibrated reference cell procedure.
1.2 Electrical performance measurements are reported with respect to a select set of standard reporting conditions (SRC) (see Table 1) or to user-specified reporting conditions. In either case, the chosen reporting conditions are abbreviated as RC.
1.2.1 The RC include the cell temperature, the total irradiance, and the reference spectral irradiance distribution.
1.3 This test method is applicable only to photovoltaic cells with a linear short-circuit current versus total irradiance response up to and including the total irradiance used in the measurement.
1.4 The cell parameters determined by this test method apply only at the time of test, and imply no past or future performance level.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E948 − 16 (Reapproved 2020) An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Electrical Performance of Photovoltaic Cells Using
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Reference Cells Under Simulated Sunlight
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E948; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the elec-
E490Standard Solar Constant and Zero Air Mass Solar
trical performance of a photovoltaic cell under simulated
Spectral Irradiance Tables
sunlight by means of a calibrated reference cell procedure.
E491Practice for Solar Simulation for Thermal Balance
1.2 Electrical performance measurements are reported with
Testing of Spacecraft
respect to a select set of standard reporting conditions (SRC)
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
(seeTable1)ortouser-specifiedreportingconditions.Ineither Determine the Precision of a Test Method
case, the chosen reporting conditions are abbreviated as RC. E772Terminology of Solar Energy Conversion
E927Classification for Solar Simulators for Electrical Per-
1.2.1 The RC include the cell temperature, the total
formance Testing of Photovoltaic Devices
irradiance, and the reference spectral irradiance distribution.
E973Test Method for Determination of the Spectral Mis-
1.3 This test method is applicable only to photovoltaic cells
match Parameter Between a Photovoltaic Device and a
with a linear short-circuit current versus total irradiance
Photovoltaic Reference Cell
response up to and including the total irradiance used in the
E1125 Test Method for Calibration of Primary Non-
measurement. ConcentratorTerrestrial Photovoltaic Reference Cells Us-
ing a Tabular Spectrum
1.4 The cell parameters determined by this test method
E1362Test Methods for Calibration of Non-Concentrator
apply only at the time of test, and imply no past or future
Photovoltaic Non-Primary Reference Cells
performance level.
G173TablesforReferenceSolarSpectralIrradiances:Direct
Normal and Hemispherical on 37° Tilted Surface
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3. Terminology
standard.
3.1 Definitions—Definitions of terms used in this test
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
method may be found in Terminology E772 and in Specifica-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tion E927.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- 3.2.1 effective irradiance, n—the irradiance that a solar
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. simulatorproducesasmeasuredbyacell’sshort-circuitcurrent
relative to a reference value for the cell’s short-circuit current
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
at a particular RC.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.2.1.1 Discussion—This reference value typically corre-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
sponds to a different spectral irradiance distribution than the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
solar simulator.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.2.2 reporting conditions, RC, n—the reference spectral
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
irradiance distribution, total irradiance, and cell temperature to
which the photovoltaic current-voltage performance is mea-
sured and corrected.
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E44 on Solar,
GeothermalandOtherAlternativeEnergySourcesandisthedirectresponsibilityof
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Subcommittee E44.09 on Photovoltaic Electric Power Conversion. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2020.PublishedJuly2020.Originallyapproved contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as E948–16. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
E0948-16R20. the ASTM website.
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E948 − 16 (2020)
TABLE 1 Standard Reporting Conditions
4.4 The data from t
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