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ASTM D3267-20

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Separation and Collection of Particulate and Water-Soluble Gaseous Fluorides in the Atmosphere (Filter and Impinger Method)

Standard Test Method for Separation and Collection of Particulate and Water-Soluble Gaseous Fluorides in the Atmosphere (Filter and Impinger Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sources of particulate and water-soluble gaseous fluorides in the atmosphere include the fertilizers, aluminum reduction plants, phosphate processors, steel mills, coal burning operations, brick and tile manufacturers, and various less significant sources (5). Gaseous fluorides can cause adverse effects when ingested or inhaled by animals or humans, or absorbed by plants. The procedures documented in this test method provide a means of determining of particulate and water soluble gaseous fluoride in atmospheres.  
5.2 This test method provides a means of separation and collection of particulate and water soluble gaseous fluoride and provides samples that are convenient to analyze.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a procedure for separation and collection of particulate and water-soluble gaseous fluorides from the atmosphere on a chemically treated filter and in an impinger. The sampling rate may vary from 30 L/min (1.0 ft3/min) to 15 L/min (0.5 ft3/min) for longer sampling periods depending on the atmospheric fluoride concentration. This test method is not intended to be applied to gaseous fluorine compounds that are not water-soluble.  
1.2 There are several limitations of the test method:  
1.2.1 Although the acid-treated, medium retentive, prefilter has been shown to allow passage of HF, it restricts passage of particulate matter only as small as about 1 μm. Thus, smaller particulate matter may pass through the filter and be collected in or pass through the impingers.  
1.2.2 The maximum sample volume to be taken using this test method prior to changing the acid-treated prefilter is recommended as 12 m3. This recommendation is made to minimize any effects due to particulate matter build-up.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 7.4.3.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Nov-2020
ICS
13.040.20 - Ambient atmospheres
Technical Committee
D22 - Air Quality
Drafting Committee
D22.03 - Ambient Atmospheres and Source Emissions
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM D1356-20a - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
Effective Date
01-Sep-2020
Refers
ASTM D1356-20 - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
Effective Date
15-Mar-2020

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ASTM D3267-20 - Standard Test Method for Separation and Collection of Particulate and Water-Soluble Gaseous Fluorides in the Atmosphere (Filter and Impinger Method)ASTM D3267-20 - Standard Test Method for Separation and Collection of Particulate and Water-Soluble Gaseous Fluorides in the Atmosphere (Filter and Impinger Method)
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ASTM D3267-20 - Standard Test Method for Separation and Collection of Particulate and Water-Soluble Gaseous Fluorides in the Atmosphere (Filter and Impinger Method)
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REDLINE ASTM D3267-20 - Standard Test Method for Separation and Collection of Particulate and Water-Soluble Gaseous Fluorides in the Atmosphere (Filter and Impinger Method)REDLINE ASTM D3267-20 - Standard Test Method for Separation and Collection of Particulate and Water-Soluble Gaseous Fluorides in the Atmosphere (Filter and Impinger Method)
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3267 −20
Standard Test Method for
Separation and Collection of Particulate and Water-Soluble
Gaseous Fluorides in the Atmosphere (Filter and Impinger
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3267; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method provides a procedure for separation 2.1 ASTM Standards:
and collection of particulate and water-soluble gaseous fluo- D1071Test Methods for Volumetric Measurement of Gas-
rides from the atmosphere on a chemically treated filter and in eous Fuel Samples
an impinger. The sampling rate may vary from 30 L⁄min D1193Specification for Reagent Water
3 3
(1.0ft /min) to 15L⁄min (0.5ft /min) for longer sampling D1356Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
periods depending on the atmospheric fluoride concentration. Atmospheres
This test method is not intended to be applied to gaseous D1357Practice for Planning the Sampling of the Ambient
fluorine compounds that are not water-soluble. Atmosphere
D2009Practice for Collection by Filtration and Determina-
1.2 There are several limitations of the test method:
tion of Mass, Number, and Optical Sizing ofAtmospheric
1.2.1 Although the acid-treated, medium retentive, prefilter
3
Particulates (Withdrawn 1995)
has been shown to allow passage of HF, it restricts passage of
D3268Test Method for Separation and Collection of Par-
particulate matter only as small as about 1 µm. Thus, smaller
ticulate and Gaseous Fluorides in the Atmosphere (So-
particulate matter may pass through the filter and be collected
dium Bicarbonate-Coated Glass Tube and Particulate
in or pass through the impingers.
Filter Method)
1.2.2 The maximum sample volume to be taken using this
D3269Test Methods for Analysis for Fluoride Content of
test method prior to changing the acid-treated prefilter is
3 the Atmosphere and Plant Tissues (Manual Procedures)
recommended as 12 m . This recommendation is made to
3
(Withdrawn 2010)
minimize any effects due to particulate matter build-up.
D3270Test Methods for Analysis for Fluoride Content of
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
the Atmosphere and Plant Tissues (Semiautomated
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
Method)
providedforinformationonlyandarenotconsideredstandard.
E337Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psy-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
chrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Tem-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the peratures)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3. Terminology
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
For specific precautionary statements, see 7.4.3. method, refer to Terminology D1356.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
4. Summary of Test Method
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.1 Air is drawn through an inlet tube (see Practice D1357)
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- and is first passed through an acid-treated prefilter to remove
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
particulate matter that may contain fluoride and then through
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. an impinger to remove water-soluble fluorides.
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.03 on Ambient contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Atmospheres and Source Emissions. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2020. Published January 2021. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D3267–12. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D3267-20. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3267 − 20
SI Equivalents
1 3 5 5 13 9 25 25 63 3
in. ⁄16 ⁄64 ⁄64 ⁄32 ⁄64 ⁄32 ⁄64
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3267 − 12 D3267 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Separation and Collection of Particulate and Water-Soluble
Gaseous Fluorides in the Atmosphere (Filter and Impinger
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3267; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method provides a procedure for separation and collection of particulate and water-soluble gaseous fluorides from
the atmosphere on a chemically treated filter and in an impinger of particulate and water-soluble gaseous fluoride in the
3
atmosphere. impinger. The sampling rate may vary from 30 L/min L (1.0 ft⁄min (1.0 ft /min) to 1515 L L/min (0.5 ft⁄min
3
(0.5 ft /min) for longer sampling periods depending on the atmospheric fluoride concentration. This test method is not intended
to be applied to gaseous fluorine compounds that are not water-solublewater-soluble.
1.2 There are several limitations of the test method:
1.2.1 Although the acid-treated, medium retentive, prefilter has been shown to allow passage of HF, it will restrict restricts passage
of particulate matter only as small as about 1 μm. Thus, smaller particulate matter may pass through the filter and be collected in
or pass through the impingers.
1.2.2 The maximum sample volume to be taken using this test method prior to changing the acid-treated prefilter is recommended
3
as 12 m . This recommendation is made to minimize any effects due to particulate matter build-up.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units values given in parentheses are for
information only.after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 7.27.4.3 and 7.4.6.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1071 Test Methods for Volumetric Measurement of Gaseous Fuel Samples
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.03 on Ambient Atmospheres
and Source Emissions.
Current edition approved April 1, 2012Dec. 1, 2020. Published May 2012January 2021. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 20052012 as
D3267 – 91 (2005).D3267 – 12. DOI: 10.1520/D3267-12.10.1520/D3267-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3267 − 20
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
D1357 Practice for Planning the Sampling of the Ambient Atmosphere
D2009 Practice for Collection by Filtration and Determination of Mass, Number, and Optical Sizing of Atmospheric Particulates
3
(Withdrawn 1995)
D3268 Test Method for Separation and Collection of Particulate and Gaseous Fluorides in the Atmosphere (Sodium
Bicarbonate-Coated Glass Tube and Particulate Filter Method)
D3269 Test Methods for Analysis for Fluoride Content of the Atmosphere and Plant Tissues (Manual Procedures) (Withdrawn
3
2010)
D3270 Test Methods for Analysis for Fluoride Content of the Atmosphere and Plant Tissues (Semiautomated Method)
E337 Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psychrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Temperatures)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D1356.
...

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Standard Practice for Performance Evaluation of Ambient Outdoor Air Quality Sensors and Sensor-based Instruments for Portable and Fixed-point Measurement

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice establishes standardized tests for the performance evaluation of sensor-based continuous instruments for ambient air quality measurements. Public and private air monitoring interests have manifested themselves as a driving force for the deployment of air quality sensors and instruments to quantify air pollutant concentrations in communities, around schools, around industrial facilities, and elsewhere. Users of air quality sensors require information on the performance and limitations of these devices so that informed decisions regarding their suitability for various purposes can be determined. This practice describes both laboratory and field tests that provide information on candidate instrument repeatability, sensitivity, linearity, cross-interferences, drift and comparability with more costly instruments typically used by entities such as government agencies. The air quality sensors are first evaluated in a laboratory chamber by comparing their response to a reference instrument and challenging the gas sensors with interferents. The sensors are then deployed outdoors for field testing at two sites with different climates against reference air quality instruments. This practice is intended to be referenced in standards and codes that establish minimum performance quality for sensor-based ambient outdoor air monitoring.  
5.2 This practice is intended for air quality sensors that measure one or more of the criteria pollutants in ambient air (ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, PM10 and PM2.5) that can be operated in outdoor environments and can log a concentration reading. It is not intended for devices or transducers that require additional enclosures for deployment outdoors or post-processing to convert their output signal into a pollutant concentration reading.  
5.3 It is anticipated that the main users of this practice will be manufacturers, developers, and distributors of outdoor air quality sensors, air quality agenc...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes standardized tests for the performance evaluation of sensor-based continuous instruments for ambient outdoor air quality measurements. It describes both laboratory and field tests that provide information on candidate sensor repeatability, sensitivity, linearity, cross-interferences, drift, and comparability against reference instruments.  
1.2 This practice does not apply to sensors or instruments that remotely measure atmospheric pollutants using open path, lidar, or imaging technology.  
1.3 The evaluation procedures contained in this practice are for sensors that alone or in combination measure outdoor criteria pollutants in ambient air: particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), or nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at concentrations that are relevant to public health.  
1.4 Testing is to be performed by a competent entity able to demonstrate that it operates in conformity with internationally accepted test laboratory quality standards such as ISO/IEC 17025.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D2914-15(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Sulfur Dioxide Content of the Atmosphere (West-Gaeke Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sulfur dioxide is a major air pollutant, commonly formed by the combustion of sulfur-bearing fuels. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has set primary and secondary air quality standards (7) that are designed to protect the public health and welfare.  
5.2 The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has promulgated exposure limits for sulfur dioxide in workplace atmospheres (8).  
5.3 These methods have been found satisfactory for measuring sulfur dioxide in ambient and workplace atmospheres over the ranges pertinent in 5.1 and 5.2.  
5.4 Method A has been designed to correspond to the EPA-Designated Reference Method (7) for the determination of sulfur dioxide.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the bubbler collection and colorimetric determination of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the ambient or workplace atmosphere.  
1.2 These test methods are applicable for determining SO2 over the range from approximately 25 μg/m3 (0.01 ppm(v)) to 1000 μg/m3 (0.4 ppm(v)), corresponding to a solution concentration of 0.03 μg SO2/mL to 1.3 μg SO2/mL. Beer's law is followed through the working analytical range from 0.02 μg SO2/mL to 1.4 μg SO2/mL.  
1.3 The lower limit of detection is 0.075 μg SO2/mL (1),2 representing an air concentration of 25 μg SO2/m3 (0.01 ppm(v)) in a 30-min sample, or 13 μg SO2/m3 (0.005 ppm(v)) in a 24-h sample.  
1.4 These test methods incorporate sampling for periods between 30 min and 24 h.  
1.5 These test methods describe the determination of the collected (impinged) samples. A Method A and a Method B are described.  
1.6 Method A is preferred over Method B, as it gives the higher sensitivity, but it has a higher blank. Manual Method B is pH-dependent, but is more suitable with spectrometers having a spectral band width greater than 20 nm.
Note 1: These test methods are applicable at concentrations below 25 μg/m3 by sampling larger volumes of air if the absorption efficiency of the particular system is first determined, as described in Annex A4.
Note 2: Concentrations higher than 1000 μg/m3 can be determined by using smaller gas volumes, larger collection volumes, or by suitable dilution of the collected sample with absorbing solution prior to analysis.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 Warning—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 8.3.1, Section 9, and A3.1.3.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D3162-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Carbon Monoxide in the Atmosphere (Continuous Measurement by Nondispersive Infrared Spectrometry)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Determination of carbon monoxide is essential to evaluation of many air pollution concerns and pollution control strategies. This test method derives significance from providing such determination.  
5.2 Carbon monoxide is formed in the process of incomplete combustion of hydrocarbon fuels, and is a constituent of the exhaust of gasoline engines. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has set primary and secondary air quality standards for CO that are designed to protect the public health and welfare (3, 4).  
5.3 This test method is suitable for measurements appropriate for the purposes noted in 5.1 and 5.2.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to the determination of the carbon monoxide (CO) concentration of the atmosphere between 0.6 mg/m3 (0.5 ppm(v)) and 115 mg/m3 (100 ppm(v)). The measuring principle is based on the absorption of infrared radiation by CO in the 4.7 μm region (1).2  
1.2 The test method has a limit of detection of about 0.6 mg/m3 (0.5 ppm(v)) carbon monoxide in air.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values and units in parentheses are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 9 for additional precautions.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4323-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Hydrogen Sulfide in the Atmosphere by Rate of Change of Reflectance

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Hydrogen sulfide is an odorous substance which is offensive even at low concentrations in the atmosphere and toxic at higher levels. It may be a product of biological processes in the absence of oxygen, as may occur in municipal landfills. It is emitted from geothermal sources, occurs in oil and gas, and may be emitted from industrial processes. Measurement is required for air pollution studies, for pollution control, environmental justice based monitoring, and for plume characterization. This test method is intended for hydrogen sulfide content up to 3000 ppbv. Measurement of hydrogen sulfide above this concentration in gaseous fuels, carbon dioxide or other gaseous matrices is described in Test Method D4084. Equipment described is suitable for fixed site or for mobile monitoring.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the automatic continuous determination of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the atmosphere or in gaseous samples in the range from one part per billion by volume (1 ppb/v) to 3000 ppb/v. Information obtained may be used for air-pollution studies, fence-line monitoring, and other source emission monitoring.  
1.2 The range may be extended by appropriate dilution techniques or by equipment modification.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (See Section 9 for specific safety precautionary statements.)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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