ASTM D4190-99

Standard Test Method for Elements in Water by Direct-Current Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of dissolved and total recoverable elements in water, which includes drinking water, lake water, river water, sea water, snow, and reagent water Type II by d-c argon plasma atomic emission spectroscopy.  
1.2 The information on precision and bias may not apply to other waters.  
1.3 Table A1.1 of Annex A1 as shown in the ranges given in Table 1 but is not limited to the elements or ranges listed.  
1.4 This test method is not applicable to brines unless the sample matrix can be matched or the sample can be diluted by a factor of 200 up to 500 and still maintain the analyte concentration above the detection limit.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-1999
• ICS: 13.060.50 - Examination of water for chemical substances
• Technical Committee: D19 - Water
• Drafting Committee: D19.05 - Inorganic Constituents in Water

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D4190-03 - Standard Test Method for Elements in Water by Direct-Current Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D4309-18 - Standard Practice for Sample Digestion Using Closed Vessel Microwave Heating Technique for the Determination of Total Metals in Water
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D1971-16(2021)e1 - Standard Practices for Digestion of Water Samples for Determination of Metals by Flame Atomic Absorption, Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption, Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, or Plasma Mass Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1999

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 4190 – 99
Standard Test Method for
Elements in Water by Direct-Current Plasma Atomic
1
Emission Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4190; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
TABLE 1 Solutions for Analysis
1. Scope
Solutions for Analysis, μg/L
1.1 This test method covers the determination of dissolved
Element P
12 3
and total recoverable elements in water, which includes drink-
ing water, lake water, river water, sea water, snow, and Type II Al 50 100 190
Be 50 500 1000
reagent water by direct current plasma atomic emission spec-
B 50 500 1000
troscopy (DCP).
Cd 1000 50 500
1.2 The information on precision and bias may not apply to Cr 500 1000 50
Co 50 500 1000
other waters.
Cu 1000 50 500
1.3 This test method is applicable to the 15 elements listed
Fe 500 1000 50
in Annex A1 (Table A1.1) and covers the ranges in Table 1. Pb 500 200 1000
Mn 800 50 300
1.4 This test method is not applicable to brines unless the
Hg 500 1000 200
sample matrix can be matched or the sample can be diluted by
Ni 50 300 800
a factor of 200 up to 500 and still maintain the analyte Sr 600 50 300
V 1000 50 400
concentration above the detection limit.
Zn 500 1000 50
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3. Terminology
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
method, refer to Terminology D 1129.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.1 total recoverable element, n—a term relating to forms
2
D 1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
of each element that are determinable by the digestion method
3
D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water
that is included in this test method.
D 1192 Specification for Equipment for Sampling Water
3.2.2 LCS, n—laboratory control standard.
3
and Steam in Closed Conduits
2
4. Summary of Test Method
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D 3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Con-
4.1 Elements are determined, either sequentially or simul-
2
duits
taneously, by d-c plasma atomic emission spectroscopy.
D 4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water
4.2 Matrix enhancement or suppression of the emission
2
Samples Containing Organic and Inorganic Constituents
signal can be minimized by the addition of 2000 mg/L of
E 1097 Guide for Direct Current Plasma Emission Spec-
lithium ion to all standards, samples, and blanks.
3
trometry Analysis
4.3 Dissolved elements are determined by atomizing a
filtered and acidified sample directly with no pretreatment.
4.4 If the sample is clear, total recoverable elements are
determined in the same manner as dissolved elements except
that sample is unfiltered and acidified.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-19 on Water
4.5 If there are large particles (non-colloidal) the total
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituents
in Water.
recoverable elements are determined on a portion of the sample
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 1999. Published March 2000. Originally
after a hydrochloric-nitric acid digestion (12.2-12.5). The same
published as D 4190 – 82. Last previous edition D 4190 – 94.
2 digestion procedure is used to determine all total recoverable
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 3.06. elements in this test method.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D4190–99
,
4 5
NOTE 1—The volatility of mercury compounds, especially the chlo-
8.3 Stock Solutions—Preparation of stock solutions for each
rides, makes it necessary to use considerable care in digesting samples
element is listed in Annex A3 (Table A3.1) or use commer-
containing these elements. The samples must not be boiled unless
cially available, ICP Grade, stock standards.
provision is made to prevent loss by volatilization.
8.4 High Purity Hydrochloric Acid, (HCl), (sp gr 1.19),
concentrated hydrochloric acid.
5. Significance and Use
8.5 Hydr
...