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ASTM D3181-15e1

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Conducting Wear Tests on Textiles

Standard Guide for Conducting Wear Tests on Textiles

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide may be used to evaluate textiles used in apparel.  
5.2 This guide may be used for several purposes:  
5.2.1 To determine the comparative performance of new or existing products,  
5.2.2 To determine the suitability of current products in different end-uses, and  
5.2.3 To evaluate and compare the effect of wear of construction details as well as specific fabrics, fibers, dyeings, finishing, fabrication techniques, etc.  
5.3 This guide provides for flexibility in design and evaluation since the information sought from each wear test will vary (see Appendix X1).  
5.4 This guide may be used to compare the wear performance of two or more textiles when these are included in the same test, or to compare a textile whose properties have not been evaluated with one having a known performance history.  
5.5 The standard test methods and guides listed in 2.1 and 2.2 are not to be considered as limited to only those cited. It is recognized that textile innovations of chemistries on fibers and fabrics may require the use of other standards methods or modifications to existing standards. Further, product development efforts within companies may call for the use of internal procedures when investigation of worthiness of the innovation or prediction of consumer preference or satisfaction is questioned.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to provide guidance for the design of an experiment for the purpose of developing a prediction of expected wear performance of apparel and textile products when exposed to actual use conditions.  
1.2 This guide recommends the use of a product for which a history of its performance is known from laboratory testing and consumer use as the basis for statistical significance of new product’s performance, however, other design or experimental approaches may be used.  
1.3 The wide variety of textile products and the conditions under which consumers will use products prevents the inclusion of all types of wear trial experiments for research and development, product innovation studies, and special needs such as those for healthcare industry or military.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Jun-2015
ICS
61.020 - Clothes
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.60 - Fabric Physical Test Methods B
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D3181-15 - Standard Guide for Conducting Wear Tests on Textiles
Effective Date
01-Jul-2015
Replaced By
ASTM D3181-15(2019) - Standard Guide for Conducting Wear Tests on Textiles
Effective Date
01-Jul-2019

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: D3181 − 15
Standard Guide for
1
Conducting Wear Tests on Textiles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3181; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Section 5.1 was revised editorially in October 2015.
1. Scope D2261 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by the
Tongue (Single Rip) Procedure (Constant-Rate-of-
1.1 This guide is intended to provide guidance for the
Extension Tensile Testing Machine)
design of an experiment for the purpose of developing a
D2594 Test Method for Stretch Properties of Knitted Fabrics
prediction of expected wear performance of apparel and textile
Having Low Power
products when exposed to actual use conditions.
D3107 Test Methods for Stretch Properties of Fabrics Wo-
1.2 This guide recommends the use of a product for which
ven from Stretch Yarns
a history of its performance is known from laboratory testing
D3511 TestMethodforPillingResistanceandOtherRelated
andconsumeruseasthebasisforstatisticalsignificanceofnew
Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Brush Pilling Tester
product’s performance, however, other design or experimental
D3512 TestMethodforPillingResistanceandOtherRelated
approaches may be used.
Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Random Tumble
Pilling Tester
1.3 The wide variety of textile products and the conditions
under which consumers will use products prevents the inclu- D3514 TestMethodforPillingResistanceandOtherRelated
Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Elastomeric Pad
sion of all types of wear trial experiments for research and
development, product innovation studies, and special needs D3884 Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics
(Rotary Platform, Double-Head Method)
such as those for healthcare industry or military.
D3885 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Fabrics (Flexing and Abrasion Method)
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D3886 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Fabrics (Inflated Diaphragm Apparatus)
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
D3938 Guide for Determining or Confirming Care Instruc-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tions for Apparel and Other Textile Products
2. Referenced Documents D3939 Test Method for Snagging Resistance of Fabrics
2
(Mace)
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4157 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile
2.1.1 Fabric and Apparel Tests:
Fabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder Method)
D2051 Test Method for Durability of Finish of Zippers to
D4231 Practice for Evaluation of Launderable Woven Dress
Laundering
Shirts and Sports Shirts
D2052 Test Method for Colorfastness of Zippers to Dry-
D4390 Practice for Evaluation of the Performance of Terry
cleaning
Bathroom Products for Household Use (Withdrawn
D2057 Test Method for Colorfastness of Zippers to Laun-
3
1994)
dering
D4966 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile
D2058 Test Method for Durability of Finish of Zippers to
Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)
Drycleaning
D4970 TestMethodforPillingResistanceandOtherRelated
Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Martindale Tester
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and
D5034 TestMethodforBreakingStrengthandElongationof
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.60 on Fabric Test Methods,
Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
Specific.
Current edition approved July 1, 2015. Published September 2015. Originally
D5035 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation of
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D3181 – 10. DOI:
Textile Fabrics (Strip Method)
10.1520/D3181-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D3181 − 15
D6321 Practice for the Evaluation of Machine Washable 197 Vertical Wicking of Textiles
T-Shirts 198 Horizontal Wicking Textiles
D6797 Test Method for Bursting Strength of Fabrics 199 Drying Time of Textiles: Moisture Analyzer Method
Constant-Rate-of-Extension (CRE) Ball Burst Test 200 Drying Rate of Textiles at theirAbsorbant Capacity:Air
D6828
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D3181 − 15 D3181 − 15
Standard Guide for
1
Conducting Wear Tests on Textiles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3181; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Section 5.1 was revised editorially in October 2015.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide is intended to provide guidance for the design of an experiment for the purpose of developing a prediction of
expected wear performance of apparel and textile products when exposed to actual use conditions.
1.2 This guide recommends the use of a product for which a history of its performance is known from laboratory testing and
consumer use as the basis for statistical significance of new product’s performance, however, other design or experimental
approaches may be used.
1.3 The wide variety of textile products and the conditions under which consumers will use products prevents the inclusion of
all types of wear trial experiments for research and development, product innovation studies, and special needs such as those for
healthcare industry or military.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2.1.1 Fabric and Apparel Tests:
D2051 Test Method for Durability of Finish of Zippers to Laundering
D2052 Test Method for Colorfastness of Zippers to Drycleaning
D2057 Test Method for Colorfastness of Zippers to Laundering
D2058 Test Method for Durability of Finish of Zippers to Drycleaning
D2261 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by the Tongue (Single Rip) Procedure (Constant-Rate-of-Extension Tensile
Testing Machine)
D2594 Test Method for Stretch Properties of Knitted Fabrics Having Low Power
D3107 Test Methods for Stretch Properties of Fabrics Woven from Stretch Yarns
D3511 Test Method for Pilling Resistance and Other Related Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Brush Pilling Tester
D3512 Test Method for Pilling Resistance and Other Related Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Random Tumble Pilling Tester
D3514 Test Method for Pilling Resistance and Other Related Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Elastomeric Pad
D3884 Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Rotary Platform, Double-Head Method)
D3885 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Flexing and Abrasion Method)
D3886 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Inflated Diaphragm Apparatus)
D3938 Guide for Determining or Confirming Care Instructions for Apparel and Other Textile Products
D3939 Test Method for Snagging Resistance of Fabrics (Mace)
D4157 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder Method)
D4231 Practice for Evaluation of Launderable Woven Dress Shirts and Sports Shirts
3
D4390 Practice for Evaluation of the Performance of Terry Bathroom Products for Household Use (Withdrawn 1994)
D4966 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.60 on Fabric Test Methods, Specific.
Current edition approved July 1, 2015. Published September 2015. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D3181 – 10. DOI:
10.1520/D3181-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D3181 − 15
D4970 Test Method for Pilling Resistance and Other Related Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Martindale Tester
D5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
D5035 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Strip Method)
D6321 Practice for the Eva
...

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ABSTRACT
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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ASTM D3562-22(Specification)
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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4.4 The significance and uses of particular properties and test methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified test methods.
SCOPE
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1.2 This performance specification is not applicable to woven fabrics used for linings, interlinings, rainwear garments, and all-purpose, water-repellent garments nor is this performance specification applicable to bonded or laminated fabrics.  
1.3 These requirements apply to both the length and width directions for those properties where each fabric direction is pertinent.  
1.4 When a fabric requires special treatment, specific methods will be described as they are developed for that material, and such special tests will have precedence over these general requirements.  
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this performance specification:This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4154-22(Specification)
Standard Performance Specification for Men's and Boys' Knitted and Woven Beachwear and Sports Shirt Fabrics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Upon mutual agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, fabrics intended for this end use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1 of this performance specification.  
5.2 It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics, the ultimate consumer of articles made from these fabrics may find acceptable fabrics that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table 1. Therefore, one or more of the requirements listed in Table 1 may be modified by mutual agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.  
5.2.1 In such cases, any references to the specification shall specify that: This fabric meets ASTM Specification D4154 except for the following characteristic(s).”  
5.3 Where no prepurchase agreement has been reached between the purchaser and the supplier, and in case of controversy, the requirements listed in Table 1 are intended to be used as a guide only. As noted in 5.2, ultimate consumer demands dictate varying performance parameters for any particular style of fabric.  
5.4 The uses and significance of particular properties and test methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This performance specification covers knitted and woven fabrics comprised of any textile fiber or mixture of fibers used in men's and boy's beachwear and sports shirts.  
1.2 This performance specification is not applicable to knitted and woven fabrics used for interlining and swimwear.  
1.3 These requirements apply to both the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4119-22(Specification)
Standard Performance Specification for Men's and Boys' Knitted Dress Shirt Fabrics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Upon agreement between the purchaser and the seller, fabrics intended for this end use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1 of this performance specification.  
5.2 It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics the ultimate consumer of articles made from these fabrics may find acceptable fabrics that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table 1. Therefore, one or more of the requirements listed in Table 1 may be modified upon agreement between the purchaser and the seller.  
5.2.1 In such cases, any references to the specification shall specify that: “This fabric meets ASTM Specification D4119 except for the following characteristic(s).”  
5.3 Where no prepurchase agreement has been reached between the purchaser and the seller, and in case of controversy, the requirements listed in Table 1 are intended to be used as a guide only. As noted in 5.2, ultimate consumer demands dictate varying performance parameters for any particular style of fabric.  
5.4 The uses and significance of particular properties and methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This performance specification covers knitted fabrics comprised of any textile fiber or mixture of fibers, used in men's and boy's dress shirts.  
1.2 This performance specification is not applicable to knitted fabrics used for interlinings.  
1.3 These requirements apply to both the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Technical specification
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