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ASTM F498-19

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Center Spring Constant and Spring Constant Balance of Alpine Skis

Standard Test Method for Center Spring Constant and Spring Constant Balance of Alpine Skis

ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of center spring constant, forebody spring constant, and afterbody spring constant of Alpine skis. In addition, it covers a method for determination of the spring constant balance. The apparatuses shall be center spring constant equipment and forebody and afterbody spring constant equipment.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of center spring constant, forebody spring constant, and afterbody spring constant of Alpine skis. In addition, it covers a method for determination of the spring constant balance.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Oct-2019
ICS
97.220.20 - Winter sports equipment
Technical Committee
F27 - Snow and Water Sports
Drafting Committee
F27.30 - Skiing and Snowboarding Equipment
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Referred By
ASTM F504-05(2022) - Standard Test Method for Measuring the Quasi-Static Release Moments of Alpine Ski Bindings
Effective Date
01-Nov-2019

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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F498 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Center Spring Constant and Spring Constant Balance of
1
Alpine Skis
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF498;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.1.5 load F—theforceappliednormaltothesupportpoints
or the clamping plane, at points A, B, or M. The only
1.1 This test method covers the determination of center
component of load F is shown in Fig. 1.
springconstant,forebodyspringconstant,andafterbodyspring
constant of Alpine skis. In addition, it covers a method for 2.1.6 point A—the support point for the afterbody of the ski
when the center spring constant is measured or the load
determination of the spring constant balance.
application point when the afterbody spring constant is mea-
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
sured.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 2.1.7 point B—the support point for the forebody of the ski
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- when the center spring constant is measured or the load
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. application point when the forebody spring constant is mea-
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor- sured.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
2.1.8 point M—the load application point when the center
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
spring constant is measured and the clamping point when the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
forebody spring constant or the afterbody spring constant is
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
measured.Itislocatedatthemidpointbetweenpoints Aand B.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2.1.9 ski size, x —the projected length with the ski body
pl
pressed flat against a plane surface, measured between the ski
2. Terminology
tail and the ski tip, commonly referred to as chord length. The
2.1 Definitions:
developed or material length is the length from tip to tail along
2.1.1 afterbody spring constant—the load, in newtons, re-
the bottom contour of the ski.
quired to deflect point A a distance of 1 cm.
2.1.10 spring constant—a measurement of the stiffness of a
F
A
ski in bending, expressed as a ratio of force to deflection.
C 5 (1)
A
f
m
2.1.11 spring constant balance—the ratio of afterbody
2.1.2 center spring constant—the load, in newtons, required
spring constant divided by forebody spring constant.
to deflect point M a distance of 1 cm.
C
A
F
B 5 (4)
M
C
C 5 (2)
M B
f
m
2.1.3 deflection f—the displacement of the ski under load F
3. Preparation of Apparatus
measuredatpoints A, B,or Mnormaltoalinebetweensupport
3.1 Center Spring Constant Equipment—Equip supports A
points or the clamping plane.
and B with low-friction rolls of 2.0 6 0.1 cm diameter.Apply
2.1.4 forebody spring constant—the load, in newtons, re-
the load with a dynamometer or calibrate the measurement of
quired to deflect point B a distance of 1 cm.
load with an accuracy of 60.5 N. Measure the deflection with
F
a suitable instrument with an accuracy of 60.005 cm. Apply
B
C 5 (3)
B
f
the load with a cylindrical contact ram having a radius of 1.0
B
6 0.1 cm and extending over the width of the ski.
1
3.2 Forebody and Afterbody Spring Constant Equipment—
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F27 on Snow
andWater Sports and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F27.30 on Skiing
Provide a clamping fixture to grip the ski as a vise with a flat
and Snowboarding Equipment.
rigidjawandthreeclampswithatleast15-cmspacingbetween
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019. Published December 2019. Originally
them. Locate one clamp at each end and one in the center.
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as F498 – 12. DOI:
10.1520/F0498-19. Clamps should be at least 3 cm wide covering the width of the
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F498 − 19
FIG. 1 Physical Dimensions of Alpine Ski
(a) Center Spring Constant.
(b) Forebody Spring Constant.
(c) Afterbody Spring Constant.
FIG. 2 Loading Methods
ski. Apply the load with a cylindrical contact ram having a line extended from the clamping plates. Read deflection within
radius of 1.0 6 0.
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F498 − 12 F498 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Center Spring Constant and Spring Constant Balance of
1
Alpine Skis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F498; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of center spring constant, forebody spring constant, and afterbody spring constant
of Alpine skis. In addition, it covers a method for determination of the spring constant balance.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Terminology
2.1 Definitions:
2.1.1 afterbody spring constant—the load, in newtons, required to deflect point A a distance of 1 cm.
F
A
C 5 (1)
A
f
m
2.1.2 center spring constant—the load, in newtons, required to deflect point M a distance of 1 cm.
F
M
C 5 (2)
M
f
m
2.1.3 deflection f—the displacement of the ski under load F measured at points A, B, or M normal to a line between support
points or the clamping plane.
2.1.4 forebody spring constant—the load, in newtons, required to deflect point B a distance of 1 cm.
F
B
C 5 (3)
B
f
B
2.1.5 load F—the force applied normal to the support points or the clamping plane, at points A, B, or M. The only component
of load F is shown in Fig. 1.
2.1.6 point A—the support point for the afterbody of the ski when the center spring constant is measured or the load application
point when the afterbody spring constant is measured.
2.1.7 point B—the support point for the forebody of the ski when the center spring constant is measured or the load application
point when the forebody spring constant is measured.
2.1.8 point M—the load application point when the center spring constant is measured and the clamping point when the
forebody spring constant or the afterbody spring constant is measured. It is located at the midpoint between points A and B.
2.1.9 ski size, x —the projected length with the ski body pressed flat against a plane surface, measured between the ski tail and
pl
the ski tip, commonly referred to as chord length. The developed or material length is the length from tip to tail along the bottom
contour of the ski.
2.1.10 spring constant—a measurement of the stiffness of a ski in bending, expressed as a ratio of force to deflection.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F27 on Snow Skiingand Water Sports and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F27.30 on
SkisSkiing and BootsSnowboarding Equipment.
Current edition approved March 1, 2012Nov. 1, 2019. Published March 2012December 2019. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 20062012
as F498 – 77 (2006).F498 – 12. DOI: 10.1520/F0498-12.10.1520/F0498-19.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F498 − 19
FIG. 1 Physical Dimensions of Alpine Ski
2.1.11 spring constant balance—the ratio of afterbody spring constant divided by forebody spring constant.
C
A
B 5 (4)
C
B
3. Preparation of Apparatus
3.1 Center Spring Constant Equipment—Equip supports A and B with low-friction rolls of 2.0 6 0.1 cm diameter. Apply the
load with a dynamometer or calibrate the measurement of load with an accuracy of 60.5 N. Measure the deflection with a suitable
instrument with an accuracy of 60.005 cm. Apply the load with a cylindrical contact ram having a radius of 1.0 6 0.1 cm and
extending over the width of the ski.
3.2 Forebody and Afterbody Spring Constant Equipment—Provide a clamping fixture to grip the ski as a vise with a flat rigid
jaw and three clamps with at least 15-cm spacing between them. Locate one clamp at each end and one in the center. Clamps should
be at least 3 cm wide covering
...

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