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ASTM D5355-95(2021)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Specific Gravity of Oils and Liquid Fats

Standard Test Method for Specific Gravity of Oils and Liquid Fats

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method is used to measure the specific gravity of all oils and liquid fats that are used to soften leather, or that are used in products to soften leather. The specific gravity is one parameter that can be used to monitor the quality of these products.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the specific gravity of oils and liquid fats by calculating the ratio of the weight of a unit volume of the sample to the weight of a unit volume of water at 25 °C.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Nov-2021
ICS
75.080 - Petroleum products in general
Technical Committee
D31 - Leather
Drafting Committee
D31.08 - Fats and Oils
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D5355-95(2021) - Standard Test Method for Specific Gravity of Oils and Liquid FatsASTM D5355-95(2021) - Standard Test Method for Specific Gravity of Oils and Liquid Fats
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ASTM D5355-95(2021) - Standard Test Method for Specific Gravity of Oils and Liquid Fats
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5355 −95 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Test Method for
Specific Gravity of Oils and Liquid Fats
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5355; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope are used in products to soften leather. The specific gravity is
one parameter that can be used to monitor the quality of these
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofthespecific
products.
gravity of oils and liquid fats by calculating the ratio of the
weight of a unit volume of the sample to the weight of a unit
4. Apparatus
volume of water at 25 °C.
4.1 Specific Gravity Bottles, with well-fitting ground glass
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
joints and a capacity of approximately 50 mL.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
4.2 Water Bath, maintained at 25 °C 6 0.2 °C.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.3 Water Bath, maintained at 60 °C 6 0.2 °C.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.4 Thermometer, laboratory thermometer having a range
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
from − 20 °C to 102 °C with 0.1 or 0.2 subdivisions.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Procedure
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5.1 Calibration of the Specific Gravity Bottles—Clean and
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
dry thoroughly and then fill with recently boiled and cooled
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
distilled water at 20 °C to 23 °C. Fill the bottle to overflowing
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
by holding the bottle on its side in such a manner as to prevent
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
the entrapment of air bubbles. Insert the stopper and immerse
in a water bath at 25 °C 6 0.2 °C. Keep the entire bulb
2. Terminology
completely covered with water and hold at the specified
temperature for 30 min. Carefully remove any water that has
2.1 Definitions:
exudedfromthesideopening.Removethebottlefromthebath
2.1.1 density—weight/unit volume expressed as grams per
and wipe completely dry. Weigh the bottle and contents.
centimetre.
Calculate the weight of water in the flask by subtracting the
2.1.2 liquid fats—fats that melt below 58 °C.
weight of the empty bottle from the weight of the bottle plus
2.1.3 oils—substances that are fluid at 25 °C, consisting of
the water.
glycerides of fatty acids, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and aromatic
5.2 Specific Gravity at 25/25 °C:
hydrocarbons.
5.2.1 Melt the sample and filter through filter paper to
2.1.4 specific gravity—theratioofthedensityofasubstance
remove any impurities and the last traces of moisture. The
to the density of the reference substance.
sample must be completely dry.
5.2.2 Coolthesamplefrom20 °Cto23 °Candfillthebottle
3. Significance and Use
to overflowing, holding the bottle on its side in such a ma
...

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4.1 Identification of a recovered oil is determined by comparison with known oils selected because of their possible relationship to the particular recovered oil, for example, suspected or questioned sources. Thus, samples of such known oils must be collected and submitted along with the unknown for analysis. It is unlikely that identification of the sources of an unknown oil by itself can be made without direct matching, that is, solely with a library of analyses.
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