ASTM E938/E938M-12
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Effectiveness of Liquid, Gel, Cream, or Shampoo Insecticides Against Adult Human Lice (Withdrawn 2017)
Standard Test Method for Effectiveness of Liquid, Gel, Cream, or Shampoo Insecticides Against Adult Human Lice (Withdrawn 2017)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method should provide a consistent approach both in terms of test insects and test procedures for the gathering of efficacy data for pediculicides.
Data collection in this manner should be suitable for product development and comparison. In addition, it should be suitable for review by regulatory agencies.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the effectiveness of pediculicidal materials in liquid, gel, or cream form, against the adult human louse, Pediculus humanus humanus, the surrogate subspecies for the human head louse (P.h. capitis). (Only gels or creams that liquefy at 32°C [90°F] can be tested).
1.2 This test method is for the use of those wishing to develop efficacy data on adult lice.
1.3 This test method consists of five replicates for a statistical comparison of formulations.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method determines the effectiveness of pediculicidal materials in liquid, gel, or cream form, against the adult human louse, Pediculus humanus humanus, the surrogate subspecies for the human head louse (P.h. capitis). (Only gels or creams that liquefy at 32°C [90°F] can be tested).
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee E35 on Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents, this test method was withdrawn in November 2017. This standard is being withdrawn without replacement due to its limited use by industry.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: E938/E938M − 12
Standard Test Method for
Effectiveness of Liquid, Gel, Cream, or Shampoo
1
Insecticides Against Adult Human Lice
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E938/E938M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method determines the effectiveness of pedicu- 3.1 Five replicates of 25 lice shall be used for each test
licidal materials in liquid, gel, or cream form, against the adult concentration or any other variable tested. Five water control
human louse, Pediculus humanus humanus, the surrogate replicates will be used on each day of testing.
subspecies for the human head louse (P.h. capitis). (Only gels
3.2 Percent louse mortality, corrected by Abbott’s Formula,
or creams that liquefy at 32°C [90°F] can be tested). 2
is determined.
1.2 This test method is for the use of those wishing to
4. Significance and Use
develop efficacy data on adult lice.
4.1 This test method should provide a consistent approach
1.3 This test method consists of five replicates for a statis-
both in terms of test insects and test procedures for the
tical comparison of formulations.
gathering of efficacy data for pediculicides.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
4.2 Data collection in this manner should be suitable for
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
product development and comparison. In addition, it should be
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
suitable for review by regulatory agencies.
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
5. Apparatus and Materials
with the standard.
5.1 Test Container—A 9-dram plastic vial, screened at the
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
bottom with 20-mesh screen, shall be used as the dipping
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
vessel. A plunger, made from a plastic rod, and a circular
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
screen fits inside the vial. Plastics used should be as chemically
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
unreactive as possible. Plastic vials are to be discarded after
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
each test.
5.2 Beakers—A 100- to 500-mL beaker is used to contain
2. Terminology
the pediculicide into which the test container is dipped.
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
A1000-mLbeaker is used as the container in which the lice are
2.1.1 morbid—unable to move towards heat 1 h after
washed after treatment.
treatment: sickly, but not necessarily dying; may recover by 24
5.3 Heating Surface—A slide warmer that provides heat of
h.
approximately 37°C [98°F].
2.1.2 moribund—unable to move towards heat (and there-
fore food) 24 h after treatment; dying. 5.4 Incubator, capable of maintaining a temperature of
31.7°C [89°F] and 60 % RH.
5.5 Petri dishes, 8.9 cm in diameter and 1.3 cm deep.
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on
Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct
5.6 Waterbath, capable of maintaining 32°C [90°F].
responsibility of Subcommittee E35.12 on Insect Control Agents.
Current edition approved April 1, 2012. Published May 2012. Originally
ϵ1 2
approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as E938 – 05(2011) . Abbott, W. S., “A Method of Computing the Effectiveness of An Insecticide,”
DOI: 10.1520/E0938-12. Journal of Economic Entomology, Vol 18, 1925, pp. 265–267.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E938/E938M − 12
5.7 Dark Cotton Corduroy,4by4cm. 7.3 Placethe9-dramvialinthe100-mLpediculicidebeaker,
and keep the lice under the pediculicide for 10 min.
5.8 Paper Toweling, Stop Watch, Forceps or Spoon, and
Wash Bottle. 7.4 Remove the test container and blot the bottom of the
container to remove any remaining liquid.
5.9 Test Insect—The test insect is the human body louse,
Pediculus humanus humanus. The present strain was estab- 7.5 Place the 9-dram vial into the 1000-mL beaker contain-
3
lished from the USDA Gainesville strain. It is a susceptible ing tap water at 32°C and agitate the container.At the end of 1
strain and, through selection, has adapted to a rabbit host. min, remove container, and gently wash the lice in a stream of
tap water (32°C) from the wash bottle for 1 min.
5.10 Host Animal—N
...
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