ASTM D6357-21a

Standard Test Methods for Determination of Trace Elements in Coal, Coke, and Combustion Residues from Coal Utilization Processes by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry, and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Coal contains several elements whose individual mass fractions are generally less than 0.01 %. These elements are commonly and collectively referred to as trace elements. These elements primarily occur as part of the mineral matter in coal. The potential release of certain trace elements from coal combustion sources has become an environmental concern.  
5.2 The ash prepared in accordance with these provisional test methods quantitatively retains the elements listed in 1.1 and is representative of their mass fractions in the coal or coke.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods pertain to the determination of antimony, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, vanadium, and zinc in coal and coke. These test methods can also be used for the analysis of residues from coal combustion processes. Additionally, there are specific test methods outlined that pertain to the determination of rare earth elements in coal and coal combustion residues.
Note 1: These test methods may be applicable to the determination of other trace elements.
Note 2: Rare earth elements are understood to include: cerium, dysprosium, erbium, europium, gadolinium, holmium, lanthanum, lutetium, neodymium, praseodymium, samarium, scandium, terbium, thulium, ytterbium, and yttrium.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.2.1 All percentages are percent mass fractions unless otherwise noted.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 10-Jun-2021
• ICS: 75.160.10 - Solid fuels
• Technical Committee: D05 - Coal and Coke
• Drafting Committee: D05.29 - Major Elements in Ash and Trace Elements of Coal

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6357 − 21a
Standard Test Methods for
Determination of Trace Elements in Coal, Coke, and
Combustion Residues from Coal Utilization Processes by
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry,
Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry, and
1
Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6357; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
NOTE—The Repeatability and Reproducibility Limits in Table 3, Table 7, and Table X1.1 were corrected editorially and the year date
changed on June 11, 2021.
1. Scope mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 These test methods pertain to the determination of
antimony, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt,
2. Referenced Documents
copper, lead, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, vanadium, and
2
zinc in coal and coke. These test methods can also be used for
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the analysis of residues from coal combustion processes.
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
Additionally, there are specific test methods outlined that
D346 Practice for Collection and Preparation of Coke
pertain to the determination of rare earth elements in coal and
Samples for Laboratory Analysis
coal combustion residues.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
NOTE 1—These test methods may be applicable to the determination of
D3173 Test Method for Moisture in the Analysis Sample of
other trace elements.
NOTE 2—Rare earth elements are understood to include: cerium,
Coal and Coke
dysprosium, erbium, europium, gadolinium, holmium, lanthanum,
D3174 Test Method forAsh in theAnalysis Sample of Coal
lutetium, neodymium, praseodymium, samarium, scandium, terbium,
and Coke from Coal
thulium, ytterbium, and yttrium.
D3180 Practice for Calculating Coal and Coke Analyses
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
from As-Determined to Different Bases
as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
D7448 Practice for Establishing the Competence of Labora-
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
tories Using ASTM Procedures in the Sampling and
1.2.1 All percentages are percent mass fractions unless
Analysis of Coal and Coke
otherwise noted.
D7582 Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of Coal and
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Coke by Macro Thermogravimetric Analysis
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D8146 Guide for Evaluating Test Method Capability and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Fitness for Use
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3
2.2 Other Documents:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
EPA/600/4-91/010 MethodsfortheDeterminationofMetals
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
in Environmental Samples
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1 2
ThesetestmethodsareunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD05onCoal For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
and Coke and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.29 on Major contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Elements in Ash and Trace Elements of Coal. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved June 11, 2021. Published July 2021. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as D6357 – 21. DOI: Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Printing Office,
10.1520/D6357-21A. Washington, DC 20402.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D6357 − 21a
3. Terminology 6.3 Atomic Absorption Spectrometer with Graphite Furnace
(GFAAS), having background correction capable of removing
3.1 Definitions—Definitions applicable to these test meth-
nonspecific absorbance.
ods are listed in Terminology D121.
6.3.1 Single-Element Hollow Cathode or Single-Element
Electrodeless Discharge Lamps.
4. Summary of Test Method
6.3.2 Single-Output Device, capable of recording and evalu-
ating peak area and peak shape.
4.1 The coal or coke to be analyzed
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6357 − 21 D6357 − 21a
Standard Test Methods for
Determination of Trace Elements in Coal, Coke, and
Combustion Residues from Coal Utilization Processes by
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry,
Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry, and
1
Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6357; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
NOTE—The Repeatability and Reproducibility Limits in Table 3, Table 7, and Table X1.1 were corrected editorially and the year date
changed on June 11, 2021.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods pertain to the determination of antimony, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead,
manganese, molybdenum, nickel, vanadium, and zinc in coal and coke. These test methods can also be used for the analysis of
residues from coal combustion processes. Additionally, there are specific test methods outlined that pertain to the determination
of rare earth elements in coal and coal combustion residues.
NOTE 1—These test methods may be applicable to the determination of other trace elements.
NOTE 2—Rare earth elements are understood to include: cerium, dysprosium, erbium, europium, gadolinium, holmium, lanthanum, lutetium, neodymium,
praseodymium, samarium, scandium, terbium, thulium, ytterbium, and yttrium.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided
for information only and are not considered standard.
1.2.1 All percentages are percent mass fractions unless otherwise noted.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal and Coke and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.29 on Major Elements
in Ash and Trace Elements of Coal.
Current edition approved April 1, 2021June 11, 2021. Published May 2021July 2021. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20192021 as
D6357 – 19.D6357 – 21. DOI: 10.1520/D6357-21.10.1520/D6357-21A.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6357 − 21a
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
D346 Practice for Collection and Preparation of Coke Samples for Laboratory Analysis
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
D3173 Test Method for Moisture in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
D3174 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke from Coal
D3180 Practice for Calculating Coal and Coke Analyses from As-Determined to Different Bases
D7448 Practice for Establishing the Competence of Laboratories Using ASTM Procedures in the Sampling and Analysis of Coal
and Coke
D7582 Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke by Macro Thermogravimetric Analysis
D8146 Guide for Evaluating Test Method Capability and Fitness for Use
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3
2.2 Other Documents:
EPA/600/4-91/010 Methods for the Determination of Metals in Environmental Samples
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions applicable to these test methods are listed in Terminology D121.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The coal or coke to be analyzed is ashed under controlled conditions, digested by a mixture of aqua-regia and hydrofluoric
acid, and finally dissolved in 1 % nitric acid. An alternative dissolution procedure is provided which is a high- temperature fusion
method using a borate fluxing agent to specifically digest samples for rare earth
...