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ASTM F498-12

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Center Spring Constant and Spring Constant Balance of Alpine Skis

Standard Test Method for Center Spring Constant and Spring Constant Balance of Alpine Skis

ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of center spring constant, forebody spring constant, and afterbody spring constant of Alpine skis. In addition, it covers a method for determination of the spring constant balance. The apparatuses shall be center spring constant equipment and forebody and afterbody spring constant equipment.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of center spring constant, forebody spring constant, and afterbody spring constant of Alpine skis. In addition, it covers a method for determination of the spring constant balance.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
29-Feb-2012
ICS
97.220.20 - Winter sports equipment
Technical Committee
F27 - Snow and Water Sports
Drafting Committee
F27.30 - Skiing and Snowboarding Equipment
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM F498-77(2006) - Standard Test Method for Center Spring Constant and Spring Constant Balance of Alpine Skis
Effective Date
01-Mar-2012
Replaced By
ASTM F498-19 - Standard Test Method for Center Spring Constant and Spring Constant Balance of Alpine Skis
Effective Date
01-Nov-2019
Referred By
ASTM F504-05(2022) - Standard Test Method for Measuring the Quasi-Static Release Moments of Alpine Ski Bindings
Effective Date
01-Mar-2012

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F498 − 12
Standard Test Method for
Center Spring Constant and Spring Constant Balance of
1
Alpine Skis
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF498;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.1.7 point B—the support point for the forebody of the ski
when the center spring constant is measured or the load
1.1 This test method covers the determination of center
application point when the forebody spring constant is mea-
springconstant,forebodyspringconstant,andafterbodyspring
sured.
constant of Alpine skis. In addition, it covers a method for
2.1.8 point M—the load application point when the center
determination of the spring constant balance.
spring constant is measured and the clamping point when the
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
forebody spring constant or the afterbody spring constant is
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
measured. It is located at the midpoint between points A and B.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
2.1.9 ski size, x —the projected length with the ski body
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
pl
pressed flat against a plane surface, measured between the ski
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tail and the ski tip, commonly referred to as chord length. The
2. Terminology
developed or material length is the length from tip to tail along
2.1 Definitions: the bottom contour of the ski.
2.1.1 afterbody spring constant—the load, in newtons, re-
2.1.10 spring constant—a measurement of the stiffness of a
quired to deflect point A a distance of 1 cm.
ski in bending, expressed as a ratio of force to deflection.
F
A 2.1.11 spring constant balance—the ratio of afterbody
C 5 (1)
A
f
m spring constant divided by forebody spring constant.
2.1.2 center spring constant—the load, in newtons, required
C
A
B 5 (4)
to deflect point M a distance of 1 cm.
C
B
F
M
C 5 (2)
3. Preparation of Apparatus
M
f
m
3.1 Center Spring Constant Equipment—Equip supports A
2.1.3 deflection f—the displacement of the ski under load F
and B with low-friction rolls of 2.0 6 0.1 cm diameter.Apply
measuredatpoints A, B,or Mnormaltoalinebetweensupport
the load with a dynamometer or calibrate the measurement of
points or the clamping plane.
load with an accuracy of 60.5 N. Measure the deflection with
2.1.4 forebody spring constant—the load, in newtons, re-
a suitable instrument with an accuracy of 60.005 cm. Apply
quired to deflect point B a distance of 1 cm.
the load with a cylindrical contact ram having a radius of 1.0
F
B
6 0.1 cm and extending over the width of the ski.
C 5 (3)
B
f
B
3.2 Forebody and Afterbody Spring Constant Equipment—
2.1.5 load F—the force applied normal to the support points
Provide a clamping fixture to grip the ski as a vise with a flat
or the clamping plane, at points A, B, or M. The only
rigidjawandthreeclampswithatleast15-cmspacingbetween
component of load F is shown in Fig. 1.
them. Locate one clamp at each end and one in the center.
2.1.6 point A—the support point for the afterbody of the ski
Clamps should be at least 3 cm wide covering the width of the
when the center spring constant is measured or the load
ski. Apply the load with a cylindrical contact ram having a
application point when the afterbody spring constant is mea-
radius of 1.0 6 0.1 cm and covering the width of the ski.
sured.
4. Procedure (See Fig. 2)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F27 on Snow
4.1 Center Spring Constant—Place the supports at points A
Skiing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F27.30 on Skis and Boots.
and B. The location of point A is 5 6 1 cm from the tail of the
Current edition approved March 1, 2012. Published March 2012. Originally
ski. If the ski geometry does not permit this point to act as a
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F498 – 77 (2006).
DOI: 10.1520/F0498-12. support, move the location of point A toward the center of the
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F498 − 12
FIG. 1 Physical Dimensions of Alpine Ski
(a) Center Spring Constant.
(b) Forebody Spring Constant.
(c) Afterbody Spring Constant.
FIG. 2 Loading Methods
ski until it can act as a support. The location of point B is a 5.1.2 Brand, designation of model, manufacturer’s registra-
distance of C (C = x −25cm(6 1 cm)) from point A or
tion number, size of ski, and the locations of points A and B
pl
equivalent to 2
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:F498–77 (Reapproved 2006) Designation: F498 – 12
Standard Test Method for
Center Spring Constant and Spring Constant Balance of
1
Alpine Skis
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF498;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of center spring constant, forebody spring constant, and afterbody spring constant
of Alpine skis. In addition, it covers a method for determination of the spring constant balance.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Terminology
2.1 Definitions:
2.1.1 afterbody spring constant—the load, in newtons, required to deflect point A a distance of 1 cm.
F
A
C 5 (1)
A
f
m
F0498-12_1
2.1.2 center spring constant—the load, in newtons, required to deflect point M a distance of 1 cm.
F0498-12_2
2.1.3 deflection f—the displacement of the ski under load F measured at points A, B, or M normal to a line between support
points or the clamping plane.
2.1.4 forebody spring constant—the load, in newtons, required to deflect point B a distance of 1 cm.
F0498-12_3
2.1.5 load F—the force applied normal to the support points or the clamping plane, at points A, B, or M. The only component
of load F is shown in Fig. 1.
2.1.6 pointA—the support point for the afterbody of the ski when the center spring constant is measured or the load application
point when the afterbody spring constant is measured.
2.1.7 point B—the support point for the forebody of the ski when the center spring constant is measured or the load application
point when the forebody spring constant is measured.
2.1.8 point M—the load application point when the center spring constant is measured and the clamping point when the
forebody spring constant or the afterbody spring constant is measured. It is located at the midpoint between points A and B.
2.1.9 ski size, x —the projected length with the ski body pressed flat against a plane surface, measured between the ski tail and
pl
the ski tip, commonly referred to as chord length. The developed or material length is the length from tip to tail along the bottom
contour of the ski.
2.1.10 spring constant—a measurement of the stiffness of a ski in bending, expressed as a ratio of force to deflection.
2.1.11 spring constant balance—the ratio of afterbody spring constant divided by forebody spring constant.
F0498-12_4
3. Preparation of Apparatus
3.1 Center Spring Constant Equipment—Equip supports A and B with low-friction rolls of 2.0 6 0.1 cm diameter. Apply the
load with a dynamometer or calibrate the measurement of load with an accuracy of 60.5 N. Measure the deflection with a suitable
instrument with an accuracy of 60.005 cm. Apply the load with a cylindrical contact ram having a radius of 1.0 6 0.1 cm and
extending over the width of the ski.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F27 on Snow Skiing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F27.30 on Skis and Boots.
Current edition approved Oct.March 1, 2006.2012. Published December 2006.March 2012. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 19982006 as
F498 – 77 (1998).(2006). DOI: 10.1520/F0498-77R06. 10.1520/F0498-12.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F498 – 12
FIG. 1 Physical Dimensions of Alpine Ski
3.2 Forebody and Afterbody Spring Constant Equipment—Provide a clamping fixture to grip the ski as a vise with a flat rigid
jawandthreeclampswithatleast15-cmspacingbetweenthem.Locateoneclampateachendandoneinthecenter.Clampsshould
be at least 3 cm wide covering the width of the ski. Apply the load with a cylindrical contact ram having a radius of 1.0 6 0.1
cm and covering the width of the ski.
(a) Center Spring Constant.
(b) Forebody Spring Constant.
(c) Afterbody Spring Constant.
FIG. 2 Loading Methods
4. Procedure (See Fig. 2)
4.1 Center Spring Constant—Place the supports at points A and B . The location of point A is 5 6 1 cm from the tail of the
ski. The location of point
...

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