ASTM D5142-04
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke by Instrumental Procedures
Standard Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke by Instrumental Procedures
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Moisture, as determined by the instrumental test method, is used for calculating other analytical results to a moisture-free basis using procedures in Practice D 3180. Moisture percent determined by this test method may be used in conjunction with the air-dry moisture loss determined in Method D 2013 and Test Method D 3302 to determine total moisture in coal. Total moisture is used for calculating other analytical results to an as-received basis using Practice D 3180.
Ash yield, as determined by this test method, is the residue remaining after burning the coal and coke samples.
Volatile matter yield, when determined as herein described, may be used to (1) establish the rank of coals, (2) indicate coke yield on carbonization, (3) provide the basis for purchasing and selling, or (4) establish burning characteristics.
Fixed carbon is a calculated value. It is the difference between 100 and the sum of the percent moisture, ash, and volatile matter. All percents shall be on the moisture reference base.
Moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon percents constitute the proximate analysis of coal and coke.
Note 1—The ash obtained differs in composition and amount from the mineral constituents present in the original coal. Incineration causes an expulsion of all water, the loss of carbon dioxide from carbonates, the conversion of iron pyrite into iron oxides and sulfur oxides, and other chemical reactions. Ash yield, as determined by this test method, can differ from the amount of ash produced in furnace operations or other combustion systems because incineration conditions influence the chemistry and amount of ash.
SCOPE
1.1 These instrumental test methods cover the determination of moisture, volatile matter, and ash, and the calculation of fixed carbon in the analysis of coal and coke samples prepared in accordance with Method D 2013 and Practice D 346. Results obtained through the use of the instrumental tests have been shown to differ from those obtained with Test Methods D 3173, D 3174, and D 3175 on some coals and cokes. Where a relative bias between the instrumental methods and Test Methods D 3173, D 3174, and D 3175 for proximate analysis of coal and coke are shown to exist, the instrumental results shall be corrected or the instrument calibrated using samples of known proximate analysis. Test Methods D 3173, D 3174, and D 3175 shall be considered the referee test methods. The instrumental test methods are not applicable to thermogravimetric analyzers using microgram size samples.
1.2 The moisture value determined is used for calculating other analytical results to a dry basis. When used in conjunction with the air dry loss moisture, as determined in accordance with Method D 2013, Test Method D 3302, or Practice D 346, the calculated total moisture can be used to convert dry basis analytical results to the as-received basis.
1.3 The result of the ash determinations can be applied in the ultimate analysis, Practice D 3176.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D5142–04
Standard Test Methods for
Proximate Analysis of the Analysis Sample of Coal and
1
Coke by Instrumental Procedures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5142; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D346 Practice for Collection and Preparation of Coke
Samples for Laboratory Analysis
1.1 Theseinstrumentaltestmethodscoverthedetermination
D1757 Test Method for Sulfate Sulfur in Ash from Coal
of moisture, volatile matter, and ash, and the calculation of
and Coke
fixed carbon in the analysis of coal and coke samples prepared
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
in accordance with Method D2013 and Practice D346. Re-
D3173 TestMethodforMoistureintheAnalysisSampleof
sults obtained through the use of the instrumental tests have
Coal and Coke
been shown to differ from those obtained with Test Methods
D3174 TestMethodforAshintheAnalysisSampleofCoal
D3173, D3174, and D3175 on some coals and cokes. Where
and Coke from Coal
a relative bias between the instrumental methods and Test
D3175 Test Method for Volatile Matter in the Analysis
Methods D3173, D3174, and D3175 for proximate analysis
Sample of Coal and Coke
of coal and coke are shown to exist, the instrumental results
D3176 Practice for Ultimate Analysis of Coal and Coke
shallbecorrectedortheinstrumentcalibratedusingsamplesof
D3180 Practice for Calculating Coal and Coke Analyses
known proximate analysis.Test Methods D3173, D3174, and
from As-Determined to Different Bases
D3175 shall be considered the referee test methods. The
D3302 Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal
instrumental test methods are not applicable to thermogravi-
metric analyzers using microgram size samples.
3. Terminology
1.2 The moisture value determined is used for calculating
3.1 Fordefinitionsoftermsusedinthistestmethod,referto
other analytical results to a dry basis. When used in conjunc-
Terminology D121.
tionwiththeairdrylossmoisture,asdeterminedinaccordance
with Method D2013, Test Method D3302, or Practice D346,
4. Summary of Test Methods
the calculated total moisture can be used to convert dry basis
4.1 Moisture is determined by establishing the loss in mass
analytical results to the as-received basis.
of the analysis specimen of coal or coke when heated under
1.3 The result of the ash determinations can be applied in
rigidly controlled conditions of temperature, time, atmosphere,
the ultimate analysis, Practice D3176.
specimen mass, and equipment specifications.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.2 Volatile matter is determined by measuring the loss in
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
mass of the moist or dried analysis specimen of coal or coke
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
whenheatedunderrigidlycontrolledconditions.Ifappropriate,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
the measured mass loss establishes the volatile matter after
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
correcting for the moisture content.
4.3 Ash is determined by measuring the mass of the residue
2. Referenced Documents
2
remaining after burning the coal or coke specimen under
2.1 ASTM Standards:
rigidly controlled conditions of specimen mass, temperature,
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
time, atmosphere, and equipment specifications.
4.4 In these test methods, moisture, volatile matter, and ash
1
ThesetestmethodsareunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD05onCoal
may be determined sequentially in a single instrumental
and Coke and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.21 on Methods of
procedure. With some systems, the procedure consists of
Analysis.
simply placing a specimen in the microprocessor-controlled
Current edition approved July 1, 2004. Published July 2004.
instrumentandinitiatingtheautomaticprocessofanalyzingthe
Orginally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as
e1
D5142–02a .
specimen.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.5 In other systems, the analytical process is manually
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
controlled,althoughtheinstrumentsmayhavemicroprocessors
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. to assist in controlling conditions of the instrument and for
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5142–04
calculations. The
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.