ASTM F1927-14
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate, Permeability and Permeance at Controlled Relative Humidity Through Barrier Materials Using a Coulometric Detector
Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate, Permeability and Permeance at Controlled Relative Humidity Through Barrier Materials Using a Coulometric Detector
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 O2GTR at a given temperature and %RH is an important determinant of the packaging protection afforded by barrier materials. It is not, however the sole determinant, and additional tests, based on experience, must be used to correlate packaging performance with O2GTR. It is suitable as a referee method of testing, provided that purchaser and seller have agreed on sampling procedures, standardization procedures, test conditions and acceptance criteria.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determination of the rate of transmission of oxygen gas, at steady-state, at a given temperature and %RH level, through film, sheeting, laminates, co-extrusions, or plastic-coated papers or fabrics. This test method extends the common practice dealing with zero humidity or, at best, an assumed humidity. Humidity plays an important role in the oxygen gas transmission rate (O2GTR) of many materials. This test method provides for the determination of oxygen gas transmission rate (O2GTR), the permeance of the film to oxygen gas (PO 2), the permeation coefficient of the film to its thickness (P”O2), and oxygen permeability coefficient (PʹO2) in the case of homogeneous materials at given temperature and %RH level(s).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 9.
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Designation: F1927 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate,
Permeability and Permeance at Controlled Relative Humidity
1
Through Barrier Materials Using a Coulometric Detector
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1927; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E104Practice for Maintaining Constant Relative Humidity
by Means of Aqueous Solutions
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determination
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
of the rate of transmission of oxygen gas, at steady-state, at a
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
given temperature and %RH level, through film, sheeting,
laminates, co-extrusions, or plastic-coated papers or fabrics.
3. Terminology
This test method extends the common practice dealing with
zerohumidityor,atbest,anassumedhumidity.Humidityplays
3.1 Definitions:
animportantroleintheoxygengastransmissionrate(O GTR)
2
3.1.1 oxygen permeability coeffıcient(PʹO )—theproductof
2
of many materials. This test method provides for the determi-
the permeance and the thickness of the film. The permeability
nation of oxygen gas transmission rate (O GTR), the per-
2
is meaningful only for homogeneous materials, in which case
meance of the film to oxygen gas (PO ), the permeation
2
itisapropertycharacteristicofthebulkmaterial.Thisquantity
coefficient of the film to its thickness (P”O ), and oxygen
2
should not be used unless the relationship between thickness
permeability coefficient (PʹO ) in the case of homogeneous
2
andpermeancehasbeenverifiedontestsusingseveraldifferent
materials at given temperature and %RH level(s).
thicknessesofthematerial.TheSIunitofoxygenpermeability
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
is the mol/(m·s·Pa). The test conditions (see 3.1.4) must be
standard.
stated.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.2 oxygen permeance (PO )—the ratio of O GTR to the
2 2
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
difference between the partial pressure of O on the two sides
2
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
2
of the film. The SI unit of permeance is the mol/(m ·s·Pa).
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
The test conditions (see 3.1.4) must be stated.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
3.1.3 oxygen permeation coeffıcient (P”O )—the ratio of
2
tionary statements are given in Section 9.
O GTR to the thickness of the film. The SI unit of permeance
2
2
is the mol/(m ·s·cm). The permeation coefficient is mean-
2. Referenced Documents
ingful only for homogeneous materials, in which case it is a
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
property characteristic of the bulk material. This quantity
3
D1898Practice for Sampling of Plastics (Withdrawn 1998)
should not be used unless the relationship between thickness
D3985Test Method for Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate
and transmission rate is known.
Through Plastic Film and Sheeting Using a Coulometric
3.1.4 oxygen transmission rate—at a given temperature and
Sensor
%RH (O GTR), the quantity of oxygen gas passing through a
2
unit area of the parallel surfaces of a plastic film per unit time
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeF02onFlexible
under the conditions of test. The SI unit of transmission rate is
Barrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.10 on
2
the mol/(m ·s). The test conditions, including temperature,
Permeation.
%RH and oxygen partial pressure on both sides of the film
Current edition approved April 1, 2014. Published June 2014. Originally
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F1927–07. DOI:
must be stated.
10.1520/F1927-14.
2 3.1.5 transmission rate(O GTR)—acommonlyusedmetric
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 2
3 2
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
unit of O GTR is the cm (STP)/(m ·d) at one atmosphere
2
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
pressuredifferentialwhere:1cm atStandardTemperatureand
the ASTM website.
5
3 Pressure (STP = 273.15K; 1.013 × 10 Pa) is 44.62 µmol and
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
3
www.astm.org. one day is 86.4×10 s. O GTR in SI units is obtained by
2
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1927 − 14
-10
multiplying the value in metr
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1927 − 07 F1927 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate,
Permeability and Permeance at Controlled Relative Humidity
1
Through Barrier Materials Using a Coulometric Detector
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1927; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determination of the rate of transmission of oxygen gas, at steady-state, at a given
temperature and %RH level, through film, sheeting, laminates, co-extrusions, or plastic-coated papers or fabrics. This test method
extends the common practice dealing with zero humidity or, at best, an assumed humidity. Humidity plays an important role in
the oxygen gas transmission rate (O GTR) of many materials. This test method provides for the determination of oxygen gas
2
transmission rate (O GTR), the permeance of the film to oxygen gas (P'O(PO ), the permeation coefficient of the film to its
2 2
thickness (PO(P”O ), and oxygen permeability coefficient (P"O(PʹO ) in the case of homogeneous materials at given temperature
2 2
and %RH level(s).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 9.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
D1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics (Withdrawn 1998)
D3985 Test Method for Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate Through Plastic Film and Sheeting Using a Coulometric Sensor
E104 Practice for Maintaining Constant Relative Humidity by Means of Aqueous Solutions
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 oxygen permeability coeffıcient (P"O(PʹO )—the product of the permeance and the thickness of the film. The permeability
2
is meaningful only for homogeneous materials, in which case it is a property characteristic of the bulk material. This quantity
should not be used unless the relationship between thickness and permeance has been verified on tests using several different
thicknesses of the material. The SI unit of oxygen permeability is the mol/m · s · Pa.mol/(m · s · Pa). The test conditions (see
3.1.43.1.4)) must be stated.
3.1.2 oxygen permeance (P'O(PO )—the ratio of O GTR to the difference between the partial pressure of O on the two sides
2 2 2
2
of the film. The SI unit of permeance is the mol/mmol/(m · s · Pa. · s · Pa). The test conditions (see 3.1.43.1.4)) must be stated.
3.1.3 oxygen permeation coeffıcient (PO(P”O )—the ratio of O GTR to the thickness of the film. The SI unit of permeance is
2 2
2
the mol/mmol/(m · s · cm. · s · cm). The permeation coefficient is meaningful only for homogeneous materials, in which case it
is a property characteristic of the bulk material. This quantity should not be used unless the relationship between thickness and
transmission rate is known.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on Flexible Barrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.10 on Permeation.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2007April 1, 2014. Published August 2007June 2014. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 20042007 as
F1927 – 98 (2004).F1927 – 07. DOI: 10.1520/F1927-07.10.1520/F1927-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1927 − 14
3.1.4 oxygen transmission rate—at a given temperature and %RH (O GTR), the quantity of oxygen gas passing through a unit
2
area of the parallel surfaces of a plastic film per unit time under the conditions of t
...
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