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ASTM D2961/D2961M-18

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Single-Stage Total Moisture Less than 15 % in Coal Reduced to 2.36 mm [No. 8 Sieve] Topsize

Standard Test Method for Single-Stage Total Moisture Less than 15 % in Coal Reduced to 2.36 mm [No. 8 Sieve] Topsize

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The measurement of total moisture is required to determine whether coal meets commercial or environmental specifications, or both. Within the limitations prescribed in the scope, this test method describes a procedure for determination of total moisture that requires less time than the procedures described in Test Method D3302/D3302M.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a single-stage procedure for the determination of total moisture less than 15 % in coal reduced to 2.36 mm [No. 8 sieve] topsize. This test method is for determination of total moisture only. Materials subjected to this test shall not be used in the determination of other test parameters. It is recognized that the conditions of the test can increase the potential for significant oxidation effects on some coals. If the oxidation potential is of concern, the use of this single-stage method shall involve prior agreement between the parties involved. This test method shall not be construed as the referee standard test method for total moisture. For referee purposes, users of this test method are referred to Test Method D3302/D3302M for moisture determination methods which are not as susceptible to oxidation effects.  
1.2 Statistical analysis of data from several sources indicates that at a 95 % confidence level, there is statistically no significant difference between the mean value of the results obtained by D2961/D2961M and D3302/D3302M (that is, no bias is detected between the two methods at the 95 % confidence level) for moisture levels between 1.4 % and 15.8 %. These two test methods were not compared in this study for some ranks of coal including lignite and anthracite. (See 11.2.)  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Aug-2018
ICS
75.160.10 - Solid fuels
Technical Committee
D05 - Coal and Coke
Drafting Committee
D05.21 - Methods of Analysis
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2961/D2961M-17 - Standard Test Method for Single-Stage Total Moisture Less than 15 % in Coal Reduced to 2.36-mm (No. 8 Sieve) Topsize
Effective Date
01-Sep-2018
Replaced By
ASTM D2961/D2961M-18a - Standard Practice for Single-Stage Total Moisture Less than 15 % in Coal Reduced to 2.36 mm [No. 8 Sieve] Topsize
Effective Date
01-Dec-2018
Referred By
ASTM D3302/D3302M-22a - Standard Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal
Effective Date
01-Sep-2018

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ASTM D2961/D2961M-18 - Standard Test Method for Single-Stage Total Moisture Less than 15 % in Coal Reduced to 2.36 mm [No. 8 Sieve] TopsizeASTM D2961/D2961M-18 - Standard Test Method for Single-Stage Total Moisture Less than 15 % in Coal Reduced to 2.36 mm [No. 8 Sieve] Topsize
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REDLINE ASTM D2961/D2961M-18 - Standard Test Method for Single-Stage Total Moisture Less than 15 % in Coal Reduced to 2.36 mm [No. 8 Sieve] TopsizeREDLINE ASTM D2961/D2961M-18 - Standard Test Method for Single-Stage Total Moisture Less than 15 % in Coal Reduced to 2.36 mm [No. 8 Sieve] Topsize
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2961/D2961M − 18
Standard Test Method for
Single-Stage Total Moisture Less than 15 % in Coal
1
Reduced to 2.36 mm [No. 8 Sieve] Topsize
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2961/D2961M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 This test method covers a single-stage procedure for the
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
determination of total moisture less than 15 % in coal reduced
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
to 2.36 mm [No. 8 sieve] topsize. This test method is for
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
determinationoftotalmoistureonly.Materialssubjectedtothis
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
test shall not be used in the determination of other test
parameters. It is recognized that the conditions of the test can
2. Referenced Documents
increase the potential for significant oxidation effects on some
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
coals. If the oxidation potential is of concern, the use of this
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
single-stage method shall involve prior agreement between the
D2013/D2013M Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for
parties involved. This test method shall not be construed as the
Analysis
referee standard test method for total moisture. For referee
D3302/D3302M Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal
purposes, users of this test method are referred to Test Method
D3302/D3302M for moisture determination methods which 3. Terminology
are not as susceptible to oxidation effects.
3.1 Definitions—For additional definitions of terms used in
this test method, refer to Terminology D121.
1.2 Statistical analysis of data from several sources indi-
cates that at a 95 % confidence level, there is statistically no
4. Summary of Test Method
significant difference between the mean value of the results
4.1 Moisture is determined by establishing the mass loss of
obtained by D2961/D2961M and D3302/D3302M (that is, no
the coal sample by drying in an oven with forced-air circula-
bias is detected between the two methods at the 95 % confi-
tion.
dence level) for moisture levels between 1.4 % and 15.8 %.
These two test methods were not compared in this study for
5. Significance and Use
some ranks of coal including lignite and anthracite. (See 11.2.)
5.1 The measurement of total moisture is required to deter-
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
mine whether coal meets commercial or environmental
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
specifications, or both. Within the limitations prescribed in the
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
scope, this test method describes a procedure for determination
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
of total moisture that requires less time than the procedures
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
described in Test Method D3302/D3302M.
with the standard.
6. Apparatus
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
6.1 Drying Pans, noncorrodible, stable at the temperature
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
used, and of such size that the sample can be spread to a depth
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of not more than 25 mm [1 in.].
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
6.1.1 The pan size may be varied to suit the size of the
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
sample and the oven. The height of the sides shall be no more
1
than 40 mm [1 ⁄2 in.] so that air is not restricted in passing over
the coal.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal
and Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.21 on Methods of
2
Analysis. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2018. Published November 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D2961/D2961M – 17. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D2961_D2961M-18. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ---------------------
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2961/D2961M − 17 D2961/D2961M − 18
Standard Test Method for
Single-Stage Total Moisture Less than 15 % in Coal
Reduced to 2.36-mm (No.2.36 mm [No. 8 Sieve)Sieve]
1
Topsize
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2961/D2961M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers a single-stage procedure for the determination of total moisture less than 15 % 15 % in coal reduced
to 2.36-mm (No. 8 sieve) 2.36 mm [No. 8 sieve] topsize. This test method is for determination of total moisture only. Materials
subjected to this test shall not be used in the determination of other test parameters. It is recognized that the conditions of the test
can increase the potential for significant oxidation effects on some coals. If the oxidation potential is of concern, the use of this
single-stage method shall involve prior agreement between the parties involved. This test method shall not be construed as the
referee standard test method for total moisture. For referee purposes, users of this test method are referred to Test Method
D3302D3302/D3302M for moisture determination methods which are not as susceptible to oxidation effects.
1.2 Statistical analysis of data from several sources indicates that at a 95%95 % confidence level, there is statistically no
significant difference between the mean value of the results obtained by D2961D2961/D2961M and D3302D3302/D3302M (that
is, no bias is detected between the two methods at the 95%95 % confidence level) for moisture levels between 1.4%1.4 % and
15.8%.15.8 %. These two test methods were not compared in this study for some ranks of coal including lignite and anthracite.
(See 11.2.)
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
D2013D2013/D2013M Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
D3302D3302/D3302M Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For additional definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D121.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Moisture is determined by establishing the weightmass loss of the coal sample by drying in an oven with forced-air
circulation.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal and Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.21 on Methods of Analysis.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2017Sept. 1, 2018. Published February 2017November 2018. Originally approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 20112017
as D2961 – 11.D2961/D2961M – 17. DOI: 10.1520/D2961_D2961M-17.10.1520/D2961_D2961M-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2961/D2961M − 18
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The measurement of total moisture is required to determine whether coal meets commercial or environmental specifications,
or both. Within the limitations prescribed in the scope, this test method describes a procedure for determination of
...

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Standard Test Method for Tumbler Test for Coke

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Coke undergoes various degrees of degradation during removal from coke ovens, transportation, and its decent within a blast furnace to the combustion zone. These processes subject the coke to impact and abrasion. This test method is a relative measure of the resistance of coke to breakage when subjected to these degradation processes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for obtaining a relative measure of the resistance to degradation of coke by impact and abrasion.  
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This specification covers the classification of coals by rank, that is, according to their degree of metamorphism, or progressive alteration, in the natural series from lignite to anthracite. These coals are mainly composed of vitrinite. The classification shall be based on gradational properties that depend on the degree of metamorphism. The classification shall also be according to fixed carbon and gross calorific value calculated to the mineral-matter-free basis.
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Note 1: Coals rich in inertinite or liptinite (exinite), or both, cannot be properly classified because, in those macerals, the properties that determine rank (calorific value, volatile matter, and agglomerating character) differ greatly from those of vitrinite in the same coal. Often, such coals can be recognized by megascopic examination. In North America, these coals are mostly nonbanded varieties that contain only a small proportion of vitrain and consist mainly of attrital materials. The degree of metamorphism of nonbanded and other vitrinite-poor coals can be estimated by determining the classification properties of isolated or concentrated vitrinite fractions, or by determining the reflectance of the vitrinite (see Test Method D2798 and Appendix X1 of this classification). However, in the use of these vitrinite-poor coals, some properties normally associated with rank, such as rheology, combustibility, hardness, and grindability (as well as the rank determining properties) may differ substantially from those of vitrinite-rich coals of the same degree of metamorphism.  
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SCOPE
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Note 2: Although not included in the present method, the determination of barium, strontium, and manganese may be required to yield adequate totals.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D6349-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Major and Minor Elements in Coal, Coke, and Solid Residues from Combustion of Coal and Coke by Inductively Coupled Plasma—Atomic Emission Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 A compositional analysis of coal and coke and their associated combustion residues are often useful in assessing their quality. Knowledge of the elemental composition of the associated residues is also useful in predicting the elemental enrichment/depletion compositional behavior of ashes and slags in comparison to the mass fraction in the parent coal. Utilization of the ash by-products and hazardous potential may also depend on the chemical composition and leachability of the inorganic constituents of the coal ash.  
5.2 The chemical composition of laboratory-prepared ash may not exactly represent the composition of mineral matter in coal or the composition of fly ash and slag resulting from commerical-scale burning of the coal.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the analysis of the commonly determined major and minor elements in coal, coke, and solid residues from combustion of coal and coke. These residues may be laboratory ash, bottom ash, fly ash, flue gas desulfurization sludge, and other combustion process residues.
Note 1: There are two interlaboratory studies associated with this test method. The first was conducted in 1997 ( RR:D05-1035)2 and the second was conducted in 2007 ( RR:D05-1032).3 Sulfur trioxide was only included in the 2007 study, and that study only included combustion residues derived from ash and no combustion residues derived from coke.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D167/D167M-21a(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Apparent and True Specific Gravity and Porosity of Lump Coke

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Apparent and true specific gravity, as determined by this test method, are influenced by the type of coals carbonized and the operating and preparational conditions of that carbonization, that is, charge bulk density, heating rate, and pulverization level. In turn, these properties directly influence the performance in processes using coke.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of apparent specific gravity (Sections 5 to 9) and true specific gravity (Sections 10 to 14) of lump coke larger than 25 mm [1 in.] size and calculating porosity (Section 15) from the specific gravity data.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or non-SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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