ASTM D8414/D8414M-21

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Jet Cup Attrition Index of Catalytic Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The jet cup attrition test will provide an estimate of the relative attrition resistance of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst, catalyst additives, and catalytic materials.  
5.2 The test is designed to simulate the attrition a catalyst or additive undergoes in a fluid catalytic cracking unit but at an accelerated rate.  
5.3 The data from this test can be used to rank catalyst according to attrition rate.  
5.4 The test requires a relatively small sample size of 5 g [0.175 oz] and a relatively short analysis time of 40 min. This test should be useful to quality control facilities that require fast turnaround time and research and development (R&D) facilities that have limited sample material.
SCOPE
1.1 The jet cup attrition test is applicable to fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts, catalyst additives, and catalytic materials.  
1.2 Applications for other powdered catalysts have been reported in the literature. The round robin test samples included two FCC catalysts and one powdered alumina.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2021
• ICS: 71.040.30 - Chemical reagents
• Technical Committee: D32 - Catalysts
• Drafting Committee: D32.02 - Physical-Mechanical Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D8414/D8414M − 21
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Jet Cup Attrition Index of Catalytic
1
Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8414/D8414M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.1 The jet cup attrition test is applicable to fluid catalytic
cracking (FCC) catalysts, catalyst additives, and catalytic 3.1.1 control factor, CF, n—unitlessvaluedeterminedbythe
repetitive analysis of a standard material; it is equal to the
materials.
(initial value of the control standard)/ (current value of the
1.2 Applications for other powdered catalysts have been
control standard) = CF.
reported in the literature. The round robin test samples in-
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Refer to 12.1 for details on the stan-
cluded two FCC catalysts and one powdered alumina.
dard.
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
3.1.1.2 Discussion—The values used in the calculations are
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
monthly averages.
values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equiva-
3.1.2 jet cup index, JCI, n—unitless value equal to the
lents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each
“weight percent of 0- to 20-µm [0- to 787-µin.] fines generated
system shall be used independently of the other, and values
per hour” under test conditions.
from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Summary of Test Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 Of the sample to be tested, 5 g [0.175 oz] is placed into
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the jet cup of the test apparatus where humidified air is passed
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
through an orifice in the jet cup at high velocity.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.2 The air impinges on the catalyst and causes particles to
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
collide with each other and the walls of the jet cup. These
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
particle-to-particle and particle-to-wall interactions cause fines
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
to form via attrition. In addition, weaker particles will fracture
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
and form fines.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.3 The jet cup is attached to a fines disengagement cham-
berthatallowsparticleslessthan20µm[787-µin.]topassinto
2. Referenced Documents
a fines collection assembly.
2
NOTE 1—The fines disengagement chamber is based on theAMINCO-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Roller air elutriation particle size analyzer, historically used to measure
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
the 0-20 micron fraction in catalyst.
ASTM Test Methods
4.4 The JCI is calculated from the mass of fines collected
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
and is numerically equivalent to the “weight percent of fines
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
generated per hour” under test conditions.
5. Significance and Use
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D32 on
Catalysts and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D32.02 on Physical-
5.1 The jet cup attrition test will provide an estimate of the
Mechanical Properties.
relative attrition resistance of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC)
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2021. Published November 2021. DOI:
catalyst, catalyst additives, and catalytic materials.
10.1520/D8414_D8414M-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.2 Thetestisdesignedtosimulatetheattritionacatalystor
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
additive undergoes in a fluid catalytic cracking unit but at an
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. accelerated rate.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D8414/D8414M − 21
5.3 The data from this test can be used to rank catalyst 7.15 Ancillary Equipment:
according to attrition rate. 7.15.1 Ana
...