ASTM D6077-16

Standard Test Method for Trapezoid Tearing Strength of Leather

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The trapezoid tearing load is a tension test in which the test strength is determined primarily by the interlocking structure of the fibers. It is useful for estimating relative ease of tearing of leather.  
4.2 The procedure can also be used to determine if there is any appreciable difference in the relative strength of the leather in the parallel and the perpendicular directions to the backbone.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the tearing load of nonwoven fabrics by the trapezoid method for leather. This test method does not apply to wet blue.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2016
• ICS: 59.140.30 - Leather and furs
• Technical Committee: D31 - Leather
• Drafting Committee: D31.05 - Upholstery

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6077 − 16
Standard Test Method for
1
Trapezoid Tearing Strength of Leather
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6077; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4.2 The procedure can also be used to determine if there is
any appreciable difference in the relative strength of the leather
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the tearing
intheparallelandtheperpendiculardirectionstothebackbone.
load of nonwoven fabrics by the trapezoid method for leather.
This test method does not apply to wet blue.
5. Apparatus
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
5.1 Tensile Testing Machine, constant-rate-of-traverse type,
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
equipped with an autographic recorder to register the applied
only.
load.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.2 Clamps, with faces measuring 25 by 75 mm (1 by 3 in.)
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
with the longer dimension perpendicular to the direction of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
application of the load.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.3 Template, optional, having the dimensions shown in Fig.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.
2. Referenced Documents
5.4 Pawls, bolt on a machine to allow motion in only one
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
direction.
D1610 Practice for Conditioning Leather and Leather Prod-
6. Sampling
ucts for Testing
D2813 Practice for Sampling Leather for Physical and
6.1 Unless otherwise specified, sample as directed, parallel
Chemical Tests
and perpendicular to backbone or parallel and perpendicular to
the cut part. Sampling per Practice D2813.
3. Summary of Test Method
7. Test Specimens
3.1 An outline of a trapezoid (see Fig. 1) is marked on a
specimen cut for the determination of breaking load, and the
7.1 Unless otherwise specified, test ten specimens.
nonparallel sides of the specimen are clamped in the jaws of a
7.2 Cut the test specimens parallel and perpendicular to
tensile testing machine. A continuously increasing load is
backbone or parallel and perpendicular to the cut part.
applied to the specimen in such a way that the tear propagates
across the specimen width. The value of the breaking load of
8. Conditioning
the specimen is obtained from the load-elongation (stress-
8.1 Condition in accordance with Practice D1610. (The
strain) curve recorded autographically.
customer may specify.)
4. Significance and Use
9. Procedure
4.1 The trapezoid tearing load is a tension test in which the
9.1 Test properly conditioned test specimens in the standard
test strength is determined primarily by the interlocking
atmosphere for testing.
structure of the fibers. It is useful for estimating relative ease of
tearing of leather.
9.2 Set the clamps at the start of the test 25 61mm(1 6
0.05 in.) apart and operate the machine at 300 6 10 mm (12 6
1
0.40 in.)/min. Select the load range of the testing machine such
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.05 on Upholstery.
that the break occurs betwe
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6077 − 10 D6077 − 16
Standard Test Method for
1
Trapezoid Tearing Strength of Leather
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6077; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the tearing load of nonwoven fabrics by the trapezoid method for leather. This
test method does not apply to wet blue.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1610 Practice for Conditioning Leather and Leather Products for Testing
D2813 Practice for Sampling Leather for Physical and Chemical Tests
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 An outline of a trapezoid (see Fig. 1) is marked on a specimen cut for the determination of breaking load, and the nonparallel
sides of the specimen are clamped in the jaws of a tensile testing machine. A continuously increasing load is applied to the
specimen in such a way that the tear propagates across the specimen width. The value of the breaking load of the specimen is
obtained from the load-elongation (stress-strain) curve recorded autographically.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The trapezoid tearing load is a tension test in which the test strength is determined primarily by the interlocking structure
of the fibers. It is useful for estimating relative ease of tearing of leather.
4.2 The procedure can also be used to determine if there is any appreciable difference in the relative strength of the leather in
the parallel and the perpendicular directions to the backbone.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Tensile Testing Machine, constant-rate-of-traverse type, equipped with an autographic recorder to register the applied load.
5.2 Clamps, with faces measuring 25 by 75 mm (1 by 3 in.) with the longer dimension perpendicular to the direction of
application of the load.
5.3 Template, optional, having the dimensions shown in Fig. 1.
5.4 Pawls, bolt on a machine to allow motion in only one direction.
6. Sampling
6.1 Unless otherwise specified, sample as directed, parallel and perpendicular to backbone or parallel and perpendicular to the
cut part. Sampling per Practice D2813.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leather and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.05 on Upholstery.
Current edition approved April 1, 2010Sept. 1, 2016. Published May 2010October 2016. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as
D6077 - 00D6077 - 10.(2005). DOI: 10.1520/D6077-10.10.1520/D6077-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D6077 − 16
FIG. 1 Template for Trapezoid Tearing Load Test
7. Test Specimens
7.1 Unless otherwise specified, test ten specimens.
7.2 Cut the test specimens parallel and perpendicular to backbone or parallel and perpendicular to the cut part.
8. Conditioning
8.1 Condition the test specimens for 24 h at 21 6 2°C (70 6 2°F) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity or in accordance with Practice
D1610. (The customer may specify.)
9. Procedure
9.1 Test properly conditioned test specimens in the standard atmosphere for testing.
9.2 Set the clamps at the start of the test 25 6 1 mm (1 6 0.05 in.) apart and operate the machine at 300 6 10 mm (12 6 0.40
in.)/min. Select the load range of the testing machine such that the break occurs between 10 and 90 % of the full-scale load.
9.3 Secure the test specimen in the machine, clamping along the nonparallel sides of the trapezoid with the cut halfway between
the clamps. Hold the short edge taut and let the long edge lie in folds.
9.4 Start the machine with pawls disengaged,
...