ASTM D4380-12

Standard Test Method for Density of Bentonitic Slurries

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to determine the density of bentonitic slurries in the laboratory and field. For freshly mixed slurry, this test method may be used as an indicator of mix proportions. For in-trench slurry, a certain value may be specified for maintaining trench stability.Note 1—The quality of the result produced by this standard depends on the competence of the personnel performing it and the suitability of the equipment and facilities being used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of slurries used in slurry construction techniques, such as those used for barriers to control the horizontal movement of liquids. This test method is modified from API Recommended Practice 13B.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard, unless other units are also specified, such as density in lbm/ft3 or lbm/gal. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2012
• ICS: 93.020 - Earthworks. Excavations. Foundation construction. Underground works
• Technical Committee: D18 - Soil and Rock
• Drafting Committee: D18.16 - Grouting

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4380 − 12
Standard Test Method for
1
Density of Bentonitic Slurries
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4380; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density 3.1 Definitions:
of slurries used in slurry construction techniques, such as those 3.1.1 For definitions of terms relating to this test method,
used for barriers to control the horizontal movement of liquids. refer to Terminology D653.
This test method is modified from API Recommended Prac-
4. Summary of Test Method
tice 13B.
4.1 The mud balance is the instrument generally used for
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
this test method. The weight of a fixed volume of the slurry is
as standard, unless other units are also specified, such as
measured by moving a rider counterweight along a graduated
3
density in lbm/ft or lbm/gal. No other units of measurement
scale. The density of the slurry is then read directly off the
are included in this standard.
graduated scale after the instrument is balanced.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1 This test method is used to determine the density of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bentoniticslurriesinthelaboratoryandfield.Forfreshlymixed
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
slurry, this test method may be used as an indicator of mix
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
proportions. For in-trench slurry, a certain value may be
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
specified for maintaining trench stability.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
NOTE1—Thequalityoftheresultproducedbythisstandarddependson
the competence of the personnel performing it and the suitability of the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
equipment and facilities being used. Agencies that meet the criteria of
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are
cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself ensure
2. Referenced Documents
reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740
provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
6. Apparatus
Fluids
6.1 Mud Balance—Any instrument of sufficient accuracy to
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies 3
permit measurement within 60.01 g/cm may be used,
Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
however, the mud balance is the instrument generally used (see
Used in Engineering Design and Construction
Fig. 1).The mud balance consists of a mud cup attached to one
2.2 American Petroleum Institute (API) Standard:
end of a beam which is balanced on the other end by a fixed
API RP13B Recommended Practice Standard Procedure for
counterweightandariderfreetomovealongagraduatedscale.
3
Testing Drilling Fluids (Section 1)
A level bubble is mounted on the beam. Attachments for
extending the range of the balance may be used.
7. Calibration
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.16 on Grouting.
7.1 The instrument should be calibrated frequently with
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2012. Published November 2012. Originally
3
fresh water. Fresh water should give a reading of 1.00 g/cm at
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D4380–84(2006).
20 °C. If it does not, adjust the balancing screw or the amount
DOI: 10.1520/D4380-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
of lead shot in the well at the end of the graduated arm as
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
required.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
8. Procedure
3
Available from theAmerican Petroleum Institute, 2101 LSt., NW,Washington,
DC 20037. 8.1 Set up the instrument base approximately level.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4380 − 84 (Reapproved 2006) D4380 − 12
Standard Test Method for
1
Density of Bentonitic Slurries
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4380; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of slurries used in slurry construction techniques, such as arethose
used for barriers to control the horizontal movement of liquids. This test method is modified from API Recommended Practice 13B.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard, unless other units are also specified, such as density in
3
lbm/ft or lbm/gal. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems,concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of whoever uses the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in
Engineering Design and Construction
2.2 American Petroleum Institute (API) Standard:
3
API RP 13B Recommended Practice Standard Procedure for Testing Drilling Fluids (Section 1)
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms relating to this test method, refer to Terminology D653.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms relating to this test method, refer to Terminology D653.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The mud balance is the instrument generally used for this test method. The weight of a fixed volume of the slurry is
measured by moving a rider counterweight along a graduated scale. The density of the slurry is then read directly off the graduated
scale after the instrument is balanced.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method provides for the determination of the is used to determine the density of bentonitic slurries in the laboratory
and field. For freshly mixed slurry, this test method may be used as an indicator of mix proportions. For in-trench slurry, a certain
value may be specified for maintaining trench stability.
NOTE 1—The quality of the result produced by this standard depends on the competence of the personnel performing it and the suitability of the
equipment and facilities being used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing,
sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself ensure reliable results. Reliable
results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.04 on Hydrologic Properties
and Hydraulic Barriers.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2006Aug. 1, 2012. Published March 2006November 2012. Originally approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 20012006
as D4380–84(2001).D4380–84(2006). DOI: 10.1520/D4380-84R06.10.1520/D4380-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from the American Petroleum Institute, 2101 L St., NW, Washington, DC 20037.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D4380 − 12
6. Apparatus
3
6.1 Mud Balance—Any instrument of sufficient accuracy to permit measurement within 60.01 g/cm may be used, however,
the mud balance is the instrument generally used (see Fig. 1). The mud balance consists of a mud cup attached to one end of a
beam which is balanced on the other end by a fixed counterweight and a rider free to move along a graduated scale. A level bubble
is mounted on the beam. Attachments for extending the range of the balance may be used.
7. Calibration
3
7.1 The instrument should be
...