ASTM D1677-02(2007)
(Test Method)Standard Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated Mica Paper Used for Electrical Insulation
Standard Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated Mica Paper Used for Electrical Insulation
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Accurate determination of thickness is important for identification purposes. Thickness is related to weight and must be known in order to calculate apparent density and the dielectric strength.
Thickness variation affects the quality of roll winding and is useful in judging the uniformity of mica paper particularly with respect to dielectric breakdown voltage, impregnation time, and thickness of the end product.
SCOPE
1.1 These methods cover procedures for sampling and testing untreated mica paper to be used as an electrical insulator or as a constituent of a composite material used for electrical insulating purposes.
1.2 The procedures appear in the following order:
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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An American National Standard
Designation:D1677–02 (Reapproved 2007)
Standard Methods for
Sampling and Testing Untreated Mica Paper Used for
Electrical Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1677; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Paper Used for Electrical Insulation
D374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insu-
1.1 These methods cover procedures for sampling and
lation
testing untreated mica paper to be used as an electrical
D644 Test Method for Moisture Content of Paper and
insulator or as a constituent of a composite material used for
Paperboard by Oven Drying
electrical insulating purposes.
2 D646 Test Method for Grammage of Paper and Paperboard
1.2 The procedures appear in the following order:
(Mass Per Unit Area)
ASTM
D685 Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Products
Method
Procedures Sections References
for Testing
Apparent Density 12 .
D828 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Paper and
Aqueous Extract Conductivity 32 and 33 D202
Paperboard Using Constant-Rate-of-Elongation Appara-
Conditioning 4 D685
Dielectric Strength 16-19 D149
tus
Impregnation Time 20-24 D202
D1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
Moisture Content 26-28 D644
Roll Quality 25 .
3. Sampling
Sampling 3 .
Tensile Strength 13-15 D828
3.1 Sample in accordance with the requirements set forth in
Thickness 6-10 D374
Test Methods D202.
Weight 11 D646
Weight Variability 29-31 .
3.2 Make the tests for physical properties on each sample
insofar as the specimens are of sufficient width.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.3 Untreated mica papers are, in general, quite fragile and
as the standard.
friable. At all times during the operations of sampling, condi-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tioning, specimen preparation, and testing, great care must be
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
taken to prevent flexing and tearing, and to minimize abrasion
responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and
of particles from the surfaces. The test values may be signifi-
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
cantly and adversely affected if these precautions are not taken.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Conditioning
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 Condition samples in accordance with Practice D685,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
exceptthatsamplesshouldremainintheconditionedairfornot
D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and
less than 16 h prior to the tests.
Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials
4.2 The following physical tests shall be made in the
at Commercial Power Frequencies
conditioned atmosphere: thickness, weight, tensile strength,
D202 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated
dielectric strength, and impregnation.
5. Precision and Bias
These methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of
5.1 Due to the range of types and grades, and nonuniform
Subcommittee D09.19 on Dielectric Sheet and Roll Products.
nature of commercially available mica papers, no statement
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2007. Published October 2007. Originally
can be made about the precision of these methods when used
approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D1677 – 02. DOI:
10.1520/D1677-02R07. on these materials. Neither can a statement about bias be made
Thetestmethodsforotherpropertieswillbeaddedinaccordancewithstandard
because of the unavailability of standard reference materials.
ASTM procedures as their need becomes generally desirable.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
the ASTM website. on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D1677–02 (2007)
D 5 A/B (1)
Nevertheless, these methods serve to distinguish basic, relative
differences in properties, and variations in quality among mica
where:
papers used in electrical insulation.
A = basis weight, kg/m ,
B = thickness, µm, and
THICKNESS AND THICKNESS VARIATION
D = apparent density, g/cm .
6. Terminology Definition
TENSILE STRENGTH
6.1 thickness, n—of an electrical insulating material, the
perpendicular distance between the two surfaces of interest,
13. Significance and Use
determined in accordance with a standard method.
13.1 The results of the test are suitable for acceptance and
product control.They are also a means of measuring the ability
7. Significance and Use
of mica paper to withstand the tensile stresses encountered in
7.1 Accurate determination of thickness is important for
application processes.
identificationpurposes.Thicknessisrelatedtoweightandmust
be known in order to calculate apparent density and the
14. Procedure
dielectric strength.
14.1 Determine the tensile strength in accordance with Test
7.2 Thickness variation affects the quality of roll winding
Methods D202, except for specimen width and test span.
and is useful in judging the uniformity of mica paper particu-
Sample the material in accordance with Section 3 and condi-
larly with respect to dielectric breakdown voltage, impregna-
tion in accordance with Section 4 and test under the same
tion time, and thickness of the end product.
conditions. The specimen shall be 1 to 3 in. (25 to 77 mm)
wide. The distance between the jaws shall be 5 in. (127 mm).
8. Test Specimens
8.1 Take test specimens from the original samples obtained NOTE 1—If excessive fractures occur in or at the edge of either jaw, a
cushionofsoftkraftpaperorothermaterialmaybeusedbetweenthejaws
in accordance with Section 3 and conditioned as prescribed in
of the clamps and the specimen.
Section 4, and tested under the same conditions.
8.2 For all thicknesses of mica paper, the specimen shall be
15. Report
a single sheet.
15.1 Report the following information:
15.1.1 The thickness of test specimen, and
9. Procedure
15.1.2 The average, minimum and maximum tensile
9.1 Determine the thickness in accordance with Test Meth-
strength in pounds-force per inch of width (or newtons per
odsD374.ThepreferredmethodshallbeMethodDwithadrop
metre of width).
rate of 12 6 4 mil/s and a dwell time of 3 6 1 s for thickness
of 0.002 to 0.006 in. and 6 6 2 s for + 0.006 in. Method C of
DIELECTRIC STRENGTH
Test Methods D374 is an acceptable alternative.
9.2 Take at least five measurements of thickness at regular
16. Nomenclature
intervals across the entire width of each specimen, preferably
16.1 dielectric strength—Refer to Terminology D1711.
in a line that is at right angles to the machine direction.
17. Significance and Use
10. Report
17.1 For mica paper to be used in the untreated state, this
10.1 Report in accordance with Test Methods D202 and
test gives some indication of the electrical strength. For mica
include:
paper to be subsequently treated, this test has value as a quality
10.1.1 Average, minimum, and maximum thickness.
control test.
WEIGHT
18. Procedure
11. Procedure
18.1 Determine the dielectric strength in accordance with
Test Method D149, except sample the material in accordance
11.1 Determine the weight in accordance with Test Method
with Section 3 and condition in accordance with Section 4, and
D646,exceptsamplethematerialinaccordancewithSection3,
test under the same conditions. Make tests in air using 2-in.
condition as prescribed in Section 4, and test under the same
(50.8-mm) electrodes and the short-time (conti
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