ASTM D5034-21

Standard Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The grab test procedure in this test method for the determination of breaking force and elongation is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of most woven or nonwoven textile fabrics, and the modified grab test procedure is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of most woven textile fabrics, since the procedures have been used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing.  
5.1.1 In case of disagreement arising from differences in reported test values when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in light of the known bias.  
5.2 This test method is not recommended for knitted fabrics because of their high stretch.  
5.3 Some modification of technique may be necessary for any fabric having a strength in excess of 200-N/cm (1140-lb/in.) width. Special precautionary measures are provided for use when necessary for strong fabrics.  
5.4 All of the procedures are applicable for testing fabrics either conditioned or wet.  
5.5 Comparison of results from tensile testing machines operating on different principles is not recommended. When different types of machine...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the grab and modified grab test procedures for determining the breaking strength and elongation of most textile fabrics. Provisions are made for wet testing.  
1.1.1 The grab test procedure is applicable to woven, nonwoven, and felted fabrics, while the modified grab test procedure is used primarily for woven fabrics.  
1.2 This test method is not recommended for glass fabrics, or for knitted fabrics and other textile fabrics which have high stretch (more than 11 %).  
Note 1: For the determination of the breaking force and elongation of textile fabrics using the raveled strip test procedure and the cut strip test procedure, refer to Test Method D5035.  
1.3 This test method provides the values in both inch-pound units and SI units. Inch-pound units is the technically correct name for the customary units used in the United States. SI units is the technically correct name for the system of metric units known as the International System of Units. The values stated in either acceptable metric units or in other units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other, without combining in any way.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Feb-2021
• ICS: 59.080.30 - Textile fabrics
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: D13.60 - Fabric Physical Test Methods B

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D5034 −21
Standard Test Method for
Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab
1
Test)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5034; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers the grab and modified grab test 2.1 ASTM Standards:
procedures for determining the breaking strength and elonga- D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
tionofmosttextilefabrics.Provisionsaremadeforwettesting. D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
1.1.1 The grab test procedure is applicable to woven, D629 Test Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Textiles
nonwoven, and felted fabrics, while the modified grab test D1059 Test Method for Yarn Number Based on Short-
procedure is used primarily for woven fabrics. Length Specimens
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
1.2 This test method is not recommended for glass fabrics,
D5035 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation of
or for knitted fabrics and other textile fabrics which have high
Textile Fabrics (Strip Method)
stretch (more than 11 %).
D4848 Terminology Related to Force, Deformation and
NOTE 1—For the determination of the breaking force and elongation of
Related Properties of Textiles
textile fabrics using the raveled strip test procedure and the cut strip test
D4849 Terminology Related to Yarns and Fibers
procedure, refer to Test Method D5035.
D4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test
1.3 This test method provides the values in both inch-pound
Methods
units and SI units. Inch-pound units is the technically correct
nameforthecustomaryunitsusedintheUnitedStates.SIunits
3. Terminology
is the technically correct name for the system of metric units
3.1 For definition of textile terms used in this test method:
known as the International System of Units. The values stated
breaking force, breaking load, elongation, extension, tensile
in either acceptable metric units or in other units shall be
test, refer to Terminology D4848.
regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
3.2 For definitions of textile terms used in this test method:
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
constant-rate-of-extension (CRE tensile testing machine,
must be used independently of the other, without combining in
constant-rate-of-load (CRL) tensile testing machine, constant-
any way.
rate-of-traverse (CRT) tensile testing machine, refer to Termi-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
nology D4849.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.3 For definitions of textile terms used in this test method:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
grab test – in fabric testing, and modified grab test – in fabric
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
testing refer to Terminology D4850.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.4 For all other textile terms used in this test method, refer
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
to Terminology D123.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 4. Summary of Test Method
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.1 A100-mm (4.0-in.) wide specimen is mounted centrally
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
in clamps of a tensile testing machine and a force applied until
the specimen breaks. Values for the breaking force and the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textiles
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.60 on Fabric Test Methods,
2
Specific. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2021. Published March 2021. Replaces Grab contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Testing sections of Test Method D1682 – 90. Originally approved in 1990. Last Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
previous edition approved in 2017 as D5034–09(2017). DOI: 10.1520/D5034-21. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5034 − 09 (Reapproved 2017) D5034 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab
1
Test)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5034; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the grab and modified grab test procedures for determining the breaking strength and elongation of
most textile fabrics. Provisions are made for wet testing.
1.1.1 The grab test procedure is applicable to woven, nonwoven, and felted fabrics, while the modified grab test procedure is used
primarily for woven fabrics.
1.2 This test method is not recommended for glass fabrics, or for knitted fabrics and other textile fabrics which have high stretch
(more than 11 %).
NOTE 1—For the determination of the breaking force and elongation of textile fabrics using the raveled strip test procedure and the cut strip test procedure,
refer to Test Method D5035.
1.3 This test method provides the values in both inch-pound units and SI units. Inch-pound units is the technically correct name
for the customary units used in the United States. SI units is the technically correct name for the system of metric units known
as the International System of Units. The values stated in either acceptable metric units or in other units shall be regarded separately
as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently
of the other, without combining in any way.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.60 on Fabric Test Methods, Specific.
Current edition approved July 15, 2017Feb. 15, 2021. Published August 2017March 2021. Replaces Grab Testing sections of Test Method D1682 – 90. Originally approved
in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20132017 as D5034–09(2013).D5034–09(2017). DOI: 10.1520/D5034-09R17.10.1520/D5034-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D5034 − 21
D629 Test Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Textiles
D1059 Test Method for Yarn Number Based on Short-Length Specimens
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
D5035 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Strip Method)
D4848 Terminology Related to Force, Deformation and Related Properties of Textiles
D4849 Terminology Related to Yarns and Fibers
D4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test Methods
3. Terminology
3.1 For definition of textile terms used in this test method: breaking force, breaking load, elongation, extension, tensile test, refer
to Terminology D4848.
3.2 For definitions of textile terms used in this test method: constant-rate-of-extension (CRE tensile testing machine,
constant-rate-of-load (CRL) tensile testing machine, constant-rate-of-traverse (CRT) tensile testing machine, refer to Terminology
D4849.
3.3 For definitions of textile terms used in this test method: grab test – in fabric testing, and modified grab test – in fabric testing
refer to Terminology D4850.
3.4 Fo
...