ASTM F1360-17(2023)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Ovens, Microwave, Electric
Standard Specification for Ovens, Microwave, Electric
ABSTRACT
This specification covers commercial microwave ovens. These ovens use ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic radiation in the approved industrial, scientific, and medical bands to defrost, heat, and cook food. The microwave ovens are classified by types, sizes, groups, styles, and classes. In terms of types, there are two kinds: Type I is commercial microwave oven and Type II is combination of commercial microwave and convection/radiant heat oven. They can be classified into Size 600, Size 1200, and Size 1800 according to microwave output power. In terms of cavity volume, these ovens can be divided into Group 1, Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4. As for the size of cooking cavity, these microwave ovens may be grouped into Class 1, Class 2, Class 3, and Class 4. They may have two styles: Style 1 which has a dial type timer and Style 2 which has a digital timer and touchpad controls(computer controlled). The material, design, construction, and physical requirements of microwave ovens shall be discussed. The performance requirements of these ovens shall be discussed after evaluating the following: cooking cavity light, interchangeability, microwave rated power output, and operation. The following tests shall be performed: cavity weight load test, microwave rated power output test, commercial microwave oven reliability test, production unit test, operational test, and microwave energy distribution test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers commercial microwave ovens. These ovens use ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic radiation in the approved industrial, scientific, and medical bands to defrost, heat, and cook food.
1.2 Limitations—This specification does not include all types, sizes, groups, styles, and classes of the commodities indicated by the titles of the specification, or that are commercially available, but is intended to cover the types, sizes, groups, styles, and classes that are suitable for general requirements.
1.3 Oven Selection And Application—Prior to the use of the classifications given in 4.1, the user agency should ensure they are not restricted by some aspect of the microwave oven design such as a weight or external dimension limitation that would prevent the unrestricted use of the classifications given in 4.1.
1.4 Microwave Oven Availability—Although 4.1 lists a wide range of sizes, classes, groups, and styles for commercial types of ovens, not all combinations are available.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test method portion only, Section 11, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F1360 − 17 (Reapproved 2023) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Ovens, Microwave, Electric
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1360; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification covers commercial microwave ovens. 2.1 ASTM Standards:
These ovens use ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic radiation A176 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chro-
in the approved industrial, scientific, and medical bands to mium Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip (Withdrawn 2015)
defrost, heat, and cook food. A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-
Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure
1.2 Limitations—This specification does not include all
Vessels and for General Applications
types, sizes, groups, styles, and classes of the commodities
B108 Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Permanent Mold
indicated by the titles of the specification, or that are commer-
Castings
cially available, but is intended to cover the types, sizes,
B209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
groups, styles, and classes that are suitable for general require-
Sheet and Plate (Metric) B0209_B0209M
ments.
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
1.3 Oven Selection And Application—Prior to the use of the
F760 Specification for Food Service Equipment Manuals
classifications given in 4.1, the user agency should ensure they
F1166 Practice for Human Engineering Design for Marine
are not restricted by some aspect of the microwave oven design
Systems, Equipment, and Facilities
such as a weight or external dimension limitation that would 4
2.2 ANSI Standards:
prevent the unrestricted use of the classifications given in 4.1.
B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR Thread
1.4 Microwave Oven Availability—Although 4.1 lists a wide Form)
range of sizes, classes, groups, and styles for commercial types
C62.41 Guide for Surge Voltages in Low Voltage AC-Power
of ovens, not all combinations are available. Circuits
WD-6 Wiring Devices—Dimensional Requirements
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by
as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for
Attributes
information only.
2.3 International Electrotechnical Commission Standard:
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test
Standard No. 705 Methods for Measuring the Performance
method portion only, Section 11, of this specification: This
of Microwave Ovens for Household and Similar Purposes
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
2.4 National Sanitation Foundation Standard:
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
NSF/ANSI 4 Commercial Cooking, Rethermalization, and
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
Powered Hot Food Holding and Transport Equipment
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
2.5 Underwriters Laboratories Standard:
regulatory limitations prior to use.
ANSI/UL 923 for Microwave Cooking Appliances
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.ast-
m.org.
1 4
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F26 on Food Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
Service Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.02 on 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Cooking and Warming Equipment. Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., Ann
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2023. Published February 2023. Originally Arbor, MI 48113-0140.
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as F1360 – 17. DOI: Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL) LLC, Corporate Progress, 333
10.1520/F1360-17R23. Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1360 − 17 (2023)
2.6 Federal Standard: 4.1.2.1 Size 600—600 to 1199 W microwave power output.
FED-STD-123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies) 4.1.2.2 Size 1200—1200 to 1799 W microwave power
2.7 Military Standards: output.
MIL-STD-167-1 Mechanical Vibrations of Shipboard 4.1.2.3 Size 1800—1800 and greater watt microwave power
Equipment output.
MIL-STD-461 Requirements For the Control of Electromag- 4.1.3 Group:
3 3 3
netic Interference Characteristics of Subsystems and
4.1.3.1 Group 1—0.5 to 0.8 ft (0.014 m to 0.0226 m )
Equipment cooking cavity (minimum cooking cavity dimensions of 7.5
MIL-E-1399/300 Interface Standard for Shipboard Systems,
shall be met).
3 3
Section 300A, Electric Power, Alternating Current 4.1.3.2 Group 2—Over 0.8 to 1.2 ft (0.0226 m to 0.034
8 3
2.8 Federal Regulations:
m ) cooking cavity.
3 3 3
Title 21, Food and Drugs, Subchapter J—Radiological 4.1.3.3 Group 3—Over 1.2 to 1.5 ft (0.034 m to 0.042 m )
Health
cooking cavity.
3 3
Title 29, Labor, Chapter 17, Occupational Safety and Health 4.1.3.4 Group 4—Over 1.5 ft (0.042 m ) cooking cavity.
Administration, Department of Labor
4.1.4 Style:
4.1.4.1 Style 1—Dial type timer(s).
3. Terminology
4.1.4.2 Style 2—Digital timer and touchpad controls (com-
puter controlled).
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 cavity—that portion of the microwave cooking appli- 4.1.4.3 Style 3—Dial or pushbutton timer(s), or both.
ance in which food may be heated, cooked, or defrosted.
4.1.5 Class:
4.1.5.1 Class 1—10 to 15 in. (254 to 381 mm) wide cooking
3.1.2 door—the moveable barrier that permits access to the
cavity.
cavity for placement or removal of food, and whose function is
4.1.5.2 Class 2—Over 15 to 18 in. (381 to 457 mm) wide
to prevent emission of microwave energy from the passage or
cooking cavity.
opening that provides access to the cavity.
4.1.5.3 Class 3—Over 18 to 24 in. (457 to 610 mm) wide
3.1.3 interlock—a device or system, either electrical,
cooking cavity.
mechanical, or electromechanical, that serves to prevent expo-
4.1.5.4 Class 4—Over 24 in. (610 mm) wide cooking cavity.
sure to an electric shock, or physical injury, or excessive
radiation emission when a door, cover, or access panel is
5. Ordering Information
opened or removed.
5.1 Ordering Data—Purchasers shall select the preferred
3.1.4 magnetron—a type of microwave energy generator
options permitted herein and include the following information
usually used in microwave cooking appliances.
in procurement documents:
3.1.5 microwave oven—a device that uses ultrahigh fre-
5.1.1 Title, number, and date of this specification,
quency electromagnetic radiation in the bands of 915 6 25 and
5.1.2 Type, size, group, class, and style of oven required
2450 6 50 MHz to prepare food.
(see 1.2 and 4.1),
3.1.6 microwave radiation emission—the microwave energy
5.1.3 When oven hardware, fittings, door, cooking cavity,
to which persons might be exposed during operation or user
and exterior materials are other than as specified (see 6.2, 6.4,
servicing of a microwave cooking appliance.
6.5, and 6.6),
3.1.7 viewing screen—that feature of a microwave 5.1.4 When an automatic oven shutdown is required for
appliance, usually part of the door assembly, that is opaque to
vending operation use (see 7.3.2),
microwave energy but visually transparent to provide for 5.1.5 When surge voltage protection is required (see 7.4.2),
viewing the oven contents.
5.1.6 When an air intake filter is required (see 7.6),
5.1.7 When a heat control is to be provided (see 7.7),
4. Classification
5.1.8 When convection heating capability is to be provided
4.1 Microwave ovens covered by this specification are (see 7.7),
classified by types, sizes, groups, styles, and classes as follows: 5.1.9 When a temperature sensing probe is to be provided
4.1.1 Type:
(see 7.7),
4.1.1.1 Type I—Commercial microwave oven.
5.1.10 When an infrared temperature sensing device is to be
4.1.1.2 Type II—Combination commercial microwave and
provided (see 7.7),
convection/radiant heat oven.
5.1.11 When power level controls are to be other than
4.1.2 Size:
specified, or when selection of microwave power in 10 %
increments is offered (see 7.7.2),
5.1.12 Voltage and frequency (Hz) of input power, if other
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
than specified (see 7.8.1),
Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, or Acquisition
Streamlining and Standardization Information System (ASSIST), which is the
5.1.13 When the power cord length is other than specified
official source of all documents listed in the DoD Index of Specifications and
(see 7.8.2),
Standards. The ASSIST can be located at http://dsp.dla.mil.
5.1.14 Treatment and painting, if other than specified (see
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,
732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401. 7.9),
F1360 − 17 (2023)
5.1.15 When windows are required in oven doors (see 7.12), alloy Types 356 or 319 conforming to Specification B108 or
5.1.16 When a mounting is required for the oven (see 8.1). Type 6061 aluminum alloy conforming to Specification B209
5.1.17 When a cavity light for ovens without viewing may also be used alone or in combination with the corrosion-
screens is other than specified (see 8.2), resisting steel described.
5.1.18 When the contractor is to have responsibility for, and
6.6 Exterior—Unless otherwise specified (see 5.1), material
use facilities other than specified for inspection requirements
shall be Types 302, 304, 316 or 430 corrosion-resistant steel
(see 10.3),
conforming to Specifications A240/A240M or A176 as
5.1.19 When a first article is required for inspection and
applicable, and thickness shall be 20 gage min. (0.0375 in. (1
approval (see 10.6),
mm) U.S. revised standard gage).
5.1.20 When an oven light is required to be on (see 11.5.2),
5.1.21 Level of preservation and packing required if other
7. Design, Construction, and Physical Requirements
than as stated in Practice D3951 (see 12.1),
7.1 General—Microwave ovens shall conform to the refer-
5.1.22 When sides of shipping containers are to be marked
enced documents listed in Section 2. The oven shall be
other than as specified (see 12.2),
delivered assembled with all components necessary to ensure a
5.1.23 When Federal/Military procurements are required,
fully functional product.
review and implement the applicable supplemental require-
ments (see S1.1 thru S7.2.3),
7.2 Microwave Energy Source—Microwave energy shall be
5.1.24 When specified in the purchase order or contract, the generated using one or more magnetron tubes or any other
purchaser shall be furnished certification that samples repre-
suitable generating source of microwave energy. Microwave
senting each lot have been either tested or inspected as directed energy shall be interrupted and the generating source shall be
in this specification and the requirements have been met. When
rendered inoperative (either turned off or switched to a standby
specified in the purchase order or contract, a report of the test mode) when the oven door is open or not securely latched in
results shall be furnished.
the closed position.
7.2.1 Warning Label—A warning marking shall be affixed to
6. Materials
the outer case assembly or adjacent to each service access
cover and adjacent to one of the fasteners that secures the outer
6.1 General—Microwave ovens shall conform to the refer-
case assembly to the oven chassis. A high voltage warning
enced documents listed in Section 2. Materials used shall be
label shall also be placed near the high voltage components
free from defects that would affect the performance or main-
inside the outer case. The label shall include but is not limited
tainability of individual components or of the overall assembly.
to the following warnings:
Materials not specified herein shall be of the same quality used
7.2.1.1 A warning of high voltage,
for the intended purpose in commercial practice. Unless
7.2.1.2 Power supply must be disconnected before
otherwise specified herein, all equipment, material, and articles
servicing,
incorporated in the work covered by this specification are to be
7.2.1.3 Access covers must be in place during use, and
new and fabricated using materials produced from recovered
7.2.1.4 Servicing should be done only by authorized indi-
materials to the maximum extent possible without jeopardizing
viduals.
the intended use. The term “recovered materials” means
7.2.2 Microwave Radiation Distribution—Means shall be
materials that have been collected or recovered from solid
provided to maintain uniform distribution of microwave radia-
waste and reprocessed to become a source of raw materials, as
tion throughout the cooking cavity (see 11.6).
opposed to virgin raw materials. None of the above shall be
7.2.3 Door Latch Mechanism—The mechanical door latch
interpreted to mean that the use of used or rebuilt products are
mechanism shall be certified to be operable for no fewer than
allowed under this specification unless otherwise specified.
10 000 cycles without any visible deformation or inoperation.
6.2 Hardware and Fittings—Unless otherwise specified (see
7.3 Magnetron Protection:
5.1), all hardware and fittings shall be corrosion-resistant or
7.3.1 Reflected Energy—With the oven empty except for
suitably processed to resist corrosion in accordance with the
any required tray or sheet furnished by the manufacturer, the
manufacturer’s standard practice.
oven shall be capable of operation at maximum power output
6.3 Threaded Parts—All threaded parts shall conform to
for 1 h or one maximum timer cycle, whichever is shorter,
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F1360 − 17 (Reapproved 2023) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Ovens, Microwave, Electric
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1360; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification covers commercial microwave ovens. 2.1 ASTM Standards:
These ovens use ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic radiation A176 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chro-
in the approved industrial, scientific, and medical bands to mium Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip (Withdrawn 2015)
defrost, heat, and cook food. A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-
Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure
1.2 Limitations—This specification does not include all
Vessels and for General Applications
types, sizes, groups, styles, and classes of the commodities
B108 Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Permanent Mold
indicated by the titles of the specification, or that are commer-
Castings
cially available, but is intended to cover the types, sizes,
B209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
groups, styles, and classes that are suitable for general require-
Sheet and Plate (Metric) B0209_B0209M
ments.
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
1.3 Oven Selection And Application—Prior to the use of the
F760 Specification for Food Service Equipment Manuals
classifications given in 4.1, the user agency should ensure they
F1166 Practice for Human Engineering Design for Marine
are not restricted by some aspect of the microwave oven design
Systems, Equipment, and Facilities
such as a weight or external dimension limitation that would
2.2 ANSI Standards:
prevent the unrestricted use of the classifications given in 4.1.
B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR Thread
1.4 Microwave Oven Availability—Although 4.1 lists a wide
Form)
range of sizes, classes, groups, and styles for commercial types C62.41 Guide for Surge Voltages in Low Voltage AC-Power
of ovens, not all combinations are available.
Circuits
WD-6 Wiring Devices—Dimensional Requirements
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by
as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for
Attributes
information only.
2.3 International Electrotechnical Commission Standard:
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test
Standard No. 705 Methods for Measuring the Performance
method portion only, Section 11, of this specification: This
of Microwave Ovens for Household and Similar Purposes
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
2.4 National Sanitation Foundation Standard:
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
NSF/ANSI 4 Commercial Cooking, Rethermalization, and
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
Powered Hot Food Holding and Transport Equipment
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
2.5 Underwriters Laboratories Standard:
regulatory limitations prior to use.
ANSI/UL 923 for Microwave Cooking Appliances
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org.
1 4
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F26 on Food Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
Service Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.02 on 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Cooking and Warming Equipment. Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., Ann
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2023. Published February 2023. Originally Arbor, MI 48113-0140.
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as F1360 – 17. DOI: Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL) LLC, Corporate Progress, 333
10.1520/F1360-17R23. Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1360 − 17 (2023)
2.6 Federal Standard: 4.1.2.1 Size 600—600 to 1199 W microwave power output.
FED-STD-123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies) 4.1.2.2 Size 1200—1200 to 1799 W microwave power
2.7 Military Standards: output.
MIL-STD-167-1 Mechanical Vibrations of Shipboard 4.1.2.3 Size 1800—1800 and greater watt microwave power
Equipment output.
MIL-STD-461 Requirements For the Control of Electromag- 4.1.3 Group:
3 3 3
netic Interference Characteristics of Subsystems and 4.1.3.1 Group 1—0.5 to 0.8 ft (0.014 m to 0.0226 m )
Equipment
cooking cavity (minimum cooking cavity dimensions of 7.5
MIL-E-1399/300 Interface Standard for Shipboard Systems, shall be met).
3 3
Section 300A, Electric Power, Alternating Current
4.1.3.2 Group 2—Over 0.8 to 1.2 ft (0.0226 m to 0.034
8 3
2.8 Federal Regulations: m ) cooking cavity.
3 3 3
Title 21, Food and Drugs, Subchapter J—Radiological
4.1.3.3 Group 3—Over 1.2 to 1.5 ft (0.034 m to 0.042 m )
Health cooking cavity.
3 3
Title 29, Labor, Chapter 17, Occupational Safety and Health
4.1.3.4 Group 4—Over 1.5 ft (0.042 m ) cooking cavity.
Administration, Department of Labor 4.1.4 Style:
4.1.4.1 Style 1—Dial type timer(s).
3. Terminology
4.1.4.2 Style 2—Digital timer and touchpad controls (com-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: puter controlled).
3.1.1 cavity—that portion of the microwave cooking appli-
4.1.4.3 Style 3—Dial or pushbutton timer(s), or both.
ance in which food may be heated, cooked, or defrosted. 4.1.5 Class:
4.1.5.1 Class 1—10 to 15 in. (254 to 381 mm) wide cooking
3.1.2 door—the moveable barrier that permits access to the
cavity.
cavity for placement or removal of food, and whose function is
4.1.5.2 Class 2—Over 15 to 18 in. (381 to 457 mm) wide
to prevent emission of microwave energy from the passage or
cooking cavity.
opening that provides access to the cavity.
4.1.5.3 Class 3—Over 18 to 24 in. (457 to 610 mm) wide
3.1.3 interlock—a device or system, either electrical,
cooking cavity.
mechanical, or electromechanical, that serves to prevent expo-
4.1.5.4 Class 4—Over 24 in. (610 mm) wide cooking cavity.
sure to an electric shock, or physical injury, or excessive
radiation emission when a door, cover, or access panel is
5. Ordering Information
opened or removed.
5.1 Ordering Data—Purchasers shall select the preferred
3.1.4 magnetron—a type of microwave energy generator
options permitted herein and include the following information
usually used in microwave cooking appliances.
in procurement documents:
3.1.5 microwave oven—a device that uses ultrahigh fre-
5.1.1 Title, number, and date of this specification,
quency electromagnetic radiation in the bands of 915 6 25 and
5.1.2 Type, size, group, class, and style of oven required
2450 6 50 MHz to prepare food.
(see 1.2 and 4.1),
3.1.6 microwave radiation emission—the microwave energy
5.1.3 When oven hardware, fittings, door, cooking cavity,
to which persons might be exposed during operation or user
and exterior materials are other than as specified (see 6.2, 6.4,
servicing of a microwave cooking appliance.
6.5, and 6.6),
3.1.7 viewing screen—that feature of a microwave
5.1.4 When an automatic oven shutdown is required for
appliance, usually part of the door assembly, that is opaque to vending operation use (see 7.3.2),
microwave energy but visually transparent to provide for
5.1.5 When surge voltage protection is required (see 7.4.2),
viewing the oven contents. 5.1.6 When an air intake filter is required (see 7.6),
5.1.7 When a heat control is to be provided (see 7.7),
4. Classification
5.1.8 When convection heating capability is to be provided
4.1 Microwave ovens covered by this specification are (see 7.7),
classified by types, sizes, groups, styles, and classes as follows:
5.1.9 When a temperature sensing probe is to be provided
4.1.1 Type: (see 7.7),
4.1.1.1 Type I—Commercial microwave oven.
5.1.10 When an infrared temperature sensing device is to be
4.1.1.2 Type II—Combination commercial microwave and
provided (see 7.7),
convection/radiant heat oven.
5.1.11 When power level controls are to be other than
4.1.2 Size:
specified, or when selection of microwave power in 10 %
increments is offered (see 7.7.2),
5.1.12 Voltage and frequency (Hz) of input power, if other
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
than specified (see 7.8.1),
Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, or Acquisition
Streamlining and Standardization Information System (ASSIST), which is the
5.1.13 When the power cord length is other than specified
official source of all documents listed in the DoD Index of Specifications and
(see 7.8.2),
Standards. The ASSIST can be located at http://dsp.dla.mil.
8 5.1.14 Treatment and painting, if other than specified (see
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,
732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401. 7.9),
F1360 − 17 (2023)
5.1.15 When windows are required in oven doors (see 7.12), alloy Types 356 or 319 conforming to Specification B108 or
5.1.16 When a mounting is required for the oven (see 8.1). Type 6061 aluminum alloy conforming to Specification B209
5.1.17 When a cavity light for ovens without viewing may also be used alone or in combination with the corrosion-
screens is other than specified (see 8.2), resisting steel described.
5.1.18 When the contractor is to have responsibility for, and
6.6 Exterior—Unless otherwise specified (see 5.1), material
use facilities other than specified for inspection requirements
shall be Types 302, 304, 316 or 430 corrosion-resistant steel
(see 10.3),
conforming to Specifications A240/A240M or A176 as
5.1.19 When a first article is required for inspection and
applicable, and thickness shall be 20 gage min. (0.0375 in. (1
approval (see 10.6),
mm) U.S. revised standard gage).
5.1.20 When an oven light is required to be on (see 11.5.2),
5.1.21 Level of preservation and packing required if other
7. Design, Construction, and Physical Requirements
than as stated in Practice D3951 (see 12.1),
7.1 General—Microwave ovens shall conform to the refer-
5.1.22 When sides of shipping containers are to be marked
enced documents listed in Section 2. The oven shall be
other than as specified (see 12.2),
delivered assembled with all components necessary to ensure a
5.1.23 When Federal/Military procurements are required,
fully functional product.
review and implement the applicable supplemental require-
ments (see S1.1 thru S7.2.3), 7.2 Microwave Energy Source—Microwave energy shall be
5.1.24 When specified in the purchase order or contract, the
generated using one or more magnetron tubes or any other
purchaser shall be furnished certification that samples repre- suitable generating source of microwave energy. Microwave
senting each lot have been either tested or inspected as directed
energy shall be interrupted and the generating source shall be
in this specification and the requirements have been met. When rendered inoperative (either turned off or switched to a standby
specified in the purchase order or contract, a report of the test
mode) when the oven door is open or not securely latched in
results shall be furnished.
the closed position.
7.2.1 Warning Label—A warning marking shall be affixed to
6. Materials the outer case assembly or adjacent to each service access
cover and adjacent to one of the fasteners that secures the outer
6.1 General—Microwave ovens shall conform to the refer-
case assembly to the oven chassis. A high voltage warning
enced documents listed in Section 2. Materials used shall be
label shall also be placed near the high voltage components
free from defects that would affect the performance or main-
inside the outer case. The label shall include but is not limited
tainability of individual components or of the overall assembly.
to the following warnings:
Materials not specified herein shall be of the same quality used
7.2.1.1 A warning of high voltage,
for the intended purpose in commercial practice. Unless
7.2.1.2 Power supply must be disconnected before
otherwise specified herein, all equipment, material, and articles
servicing,
incorporated in the work covered by this specification are to be
7.2.1.3 Access covers must be in place during use, and
new and fabricated using materials produced from recovered
7.2.1.4 Servicing should be done only by authorized indi-
materials to the maximum extent possible without jeopardizing
viduals.
the intended use. The term “recovered materials” means
7.2.2 Microwave Radiation Distribution—Means shall be
materials that have been collected or recovered from solid
provided to maintain uniform distribution of microwave radia-
waste and reprocessed to become a source of raw materials, as
tion throughout the cooking cavity (see 11.6).
opposed to virgin raw materials. None of the above shall be
7.2.3 Door Latch Mechanism—The mechanical door latch
interpreted to mean that the use of used or rebuilt products are
mechanism shall be certified to be operable for no fewer than
allowed under this specification unless otherwise specified.
10 000 cycles without any visible deformation or inoperation.
6.2 Hardware and Fittings—Unless otherwise specified (see
7.3 Magnetron Protection:
5.1), all hardware and fittings shall be corrosion-resistant or
7.3.1 Reflected Energy—With the oven empty except for
suitably processed to resist corrosion in accordance with the
any required tray or sheet furnished by the manufacturer, the
manufacturer’s standard practice.
oven shall be capable of operation at maximum power output
6.3 Threaded Parts—All threaded parts shall conform to
for 1 h or one maximum timer cycle, whichever is shorter,
ANSI B1.1.
without damage to the magnetron or other oven components.
6.4 Cooking Cavity—Unless otherwise s
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1360 − 17 F1360 − 17 (Reapproved 2023) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Ovens, Microwave, Electric
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1360; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers commercial microwave ovens. These ovens use ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic radiation in the
approved industrial, scientific, and medical bands to defrost, heat, and cook food.
1.2 Limitations—This specification does not include all types, sizes, groups, styles, and classes of the commodities indicated by
the titles of the specification, or that are commercially available, but is intended to cover the types, sizes, groups, styles, and classes
that are suitable for general requirements.
1.3 Oven Selection And Application—Prior to the use of the classifications given in 4.1, the user agency should ensure they are
not restricted by some aspect of the microwave oven design such as a weight or external dimension limitation that would prevent
the unrestricted use of the classifications given in 4.1.
1.4 Microwave Oven Availability—Although 4.1 lists a wide range of sizes, classes, groups, and styles for commercial types of
ovens, not all combinations are available.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information
only.
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test method portion only, Section 11, of this specification: This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A176 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chromium Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip (Withdrawn 2015)
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F26 on Food Service Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.02 on Cooking
and Warming Equipment.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017Jan. 1, 2023. Published January 2018February 2023. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20122017 as
F1360 – 06 (2012).F1360 – 17. DOI: 10.1520/F1360-17.10.1520/F1360-17R23.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1360 − 17 (2023)
A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and
for General Applications
B108 Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Permanent Mold Castings
B209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate (Metric) B0209_B0209M
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
F760 Specification for Food Service Equipment Manuals
F1166 Practice for Human Engineering Design for Marine Systems, Equipment, and Facilities
2.2 ANSI Standards:
B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR Thread Form)
C62.41 Guide for Surge Voltages in Low Voltage AC-Power Circuits
WD-6 Wiring Devices—Dimensional Requirements
Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Attributes
2.3 International Electrotechnical Commission Standard:
Standard No. 705 Methods for Measuring the Performance of Microwave Ovens for Household and Similar Purposes
2.4 National Sanitation Foundation Standard:
NSF/ANSI 4 Commercial Cooking, Rethermalization, and Powered Hot Food Holding and Transport Equipment
2.5 Underwriters Laboratories Standard:
ANSI/UL 923 for Microwave Cooking Appliances
2.6 Federal Standard:
FED-STD-123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
2.7 Military Standards:
MIL-STD-167-1 Mechanical Vibrations of Shipboard Equipment
MIL-STD-461 Requirements For the Control of Electromagnetic Interference Characteristics of Subsystems and Equipment
MIL-E-1399/300 Interface Standard for Shipboard Systems, Section 300A, Electric Power, Alternating Current
2.8 Federal Regulations:
Title 21, Food and Drugs, Subchapter J—Radiological Health
Title 29, Labor, Chapter 17, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Department of Labor
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 cavity—that portion of the microwave cooking appliance in which food may be heated, cooked, or defrosted.
3.1.2 door—the moveable barrier that permits access to the cavity for placement or removal of food, and whose function is to
prevent emission of microwave energy from the passage or opening that provides access to the cavity.
3.1.3 interlock—a device or system, either electrical, mechanical, or electromechanical, that serves to prevent exposure to an
electric shock, or physical injury, or excessive radiation emission when a door, cover, or access panel is opened or removed.
3.1.4 magnetron—a type of microwave energy generator usually used in microwave cooking appliances.
3.1.5 microwave oven—a device that uses ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic radiation in the bands of 915 6 25 and 2450 6
50 MHz to prepare food.
3.1.6 microwave radiation emission—the microwave energy to which persons might be exposed during operation or user servicing
of a microwave cooking appliance.
3.1.7 viewing screen—that feature of a microwave appliance, usually part of the door assembly, that is opaque to microwave
energy but visually transparent to provide for viewing the oven contents.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48113-0140.
Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL) LLC, Corporate Progress, 333 Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062.
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, or Acquisition Streamlining and
Standardization Information System (ASSIST), which is the official source of all documents listed in the DoD Index of Specifications and Standards. The ASSIST can be
located at http://dsp.dla.mil.
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.
F1360 − 17 (2023)
4. Classification
4.1 Microwave ovens covered by this specification are classified by types, sizes, groups, styles, and classes as follows:
4.1.1 Type:
4.1.1.1 Type I—Commercial microwave oven.
4.1.1.2 Type II—Combination commercial microwave and convection/radiant heat oven.
4.1.2 Size:
4.1.2.1 Size 600—600 to 1199 W microwave power output.
4.1.2.2 Size 1200—1200 to 1799 W microwave power output.
4.1.2.3 Size 1800—1800 and greater watt microwave power output.
4.1.3 Group:
3 3 3
4.1.3.1 Group 1—0.5 to 0.8 ft (0.014 m to 0.0226 m ) cooking cavity (minimum cooking cavity dimensions of 7.5 shall be met).
3 3 3
4.1.3.2 Group 2—Over 0.8 to 1.2 ft (0.0226 m to 0.034 m ) cooking cavity.
3 3 3
4.1.3.3 Group 3—Over 1.2 to 1.5 ft (0.034 m to 0.042 m ) cooking cavity.
3 3
4.1.3.4 Group 4—Over 1.5 ft (0.042 m ) cooking cavity.
4.1.4 Style:
4.1.4.1 Style 1—Dial type timer(s).
4.1.4.2 Style 2—Digital timer and touchpad controls (computer controlled).
4.1.4.3 Style 3—Dial or pushbutton timer(s), or both.
4.1.5 Class:
4.1.5.1 Class 1—10 to 15 in. (254 to 381 mm) wide cooking cavity.
4.1.5.2 Class 2—Over 15 to 18 in. (381 to 457 mm) wide cooking cavity.
4.1.5.3 Class 3—Over 18 to 24 in. (457 to 610 mm) wide cooking cavity.
4.1.5.4 Class 4—Over 24 in. (610 mm) wide cooking cavity.
5. Ordering Information
5.1 Ordering Data—Purchasers shall select the preferred options permitted herein and include the following information in
procurement documents:
5.1.1 Title, number, and date of this specification,
5.1.2 Type, size, group, class, and style of oven required (see 1.2 and 4.1),
5.1.3 When oven hardware, fittings, door, cooking cavity, and exterior materials are other than as specified (see 6.2, 6.4, 6.5, and
6.6),
F1360 − 17 (2023)
5.1.4 When an automatic oven shutdown is required for vending operation use (see 7.3.2),
5.1.5 When surge voltage protection is required (see 7.4.2),
5.1.6 When an air intake filter is required (see 7.6),
5.1.7 When a heat control is to be provided (see 7.7),
5.1.8 When convection heating capability is to be provided (see 7.7),
5.1.9 When a temperature sensing probe is to be provided (see 7.7),
5.1.10 When an infrared temperature sensing device is to be provided (see 7.7),
5.1.11 When power level controls are to be other than specified, or when selection of microwave power in 10 % increments is
offered (see 7.7.2),
5.1.12 Voltage and frequency (Hz) of input power, if other than specified (see 7.8.1),
5.1.13 When the power cord length is other than specified (see 7.8.2),
5.1.14 Treatment and painting, if other than specified (see 7.9),
5.1.15 When windows are required in oven doors (see 7.12),
5.1.16 When a mounting is required for the oven (see 8.1).
5.1.17 When a cavity light for ovens without viewing screens is other than specified (see 8.2),
5.1.18 When the contractor is to have responsibility for, and use facilities other than specified for inspection requirements (see
10.3),
5.1.19 When a first article is required for inspection and approval (see 10.6),
5.1.20 When an oven light is required to be on (see 11.5.2),
5.1.21 Level of preservation and packing required if other than as stated in Practice D3951 (see 12.1),
5.1.22 When sides of shipping containers are to be marked other than as specified (see 12.2),
5.1.23 When Federal/Military procurements are required, review and implement the applicable supplemental requirements (see
S1.1 thru S7.2.3),
5.1.24 When specified in the purchase order or contract, the purchaser shall be furnished certification that samples representing
each lot have been either tested or inspected as directed in this specification and the requirements have been met. When specified
in the purchase order or contract, a report of the test results shall be furnished.
6. Materials
6.1 General—Microwave ovens shall conform to the referenced documents listed in Section 2. Materials used shall be free from
defects that would affect the performance or maintainability of individual components or of the overall assembly. Materials not
specified herein shall be of the same quality used for the intended purpose in commercial practice. Unless otherwise specified
herein, all equipment, material, and articles incorporated in the work covered by this specification are to be new and fabricated
using materials produced from recovered materials to the maximum extent possible without jeopardizing the intended use. The
term “recovered materials” means materials that have been collected or recovered from solid waste and reprocessed to become a
source of raw materials, as opposed to virgin raw materials. None of the above shall be interpreted to mean that the use of used
or rebuilt products are allowed under this specification unless otherwise specified.
F1360 − 17 (2023)
6.2 Hardware and Fittings—Unless otherwise specified (see 5.1), all hardware and fittings shall be corrosion-resistant or suitably
processed to resist corrosion in accordance with the manufacturer’s standard practice.
6.3 Threaded Parts—All threaded parts shall conform to ANSI B1.1.
6.4 Cooking Cavity—Unless otherwise specified (see 5.1), the cooking cavity shall be constructed of Types 302, 304, or 316
corrosion-resistant steel conforming to Specification A240/A240M, or aluminum alloy Type 3003-0 conforming to Specification
B209. The cooking cavity shall be constructed and sealed to prevent spillage from draining into the oven chassis.
6.5 Door—Unless otherwise specified (see 5.1), the door shall be constructed of Types 302 or 304 corrosion-resistant steel
conforming to Specification A240/A240M. Aluminum alloy Types 356 or 319 conforming to Specification B108 or Type 6061
aluminum alloy conforming to Specification B209 may also be used alone or in combination with the corrosion-resisting steel
described.
6.6 Exterior—Unless otherwise specified (see 5.1), material shall be Types 302, 304, 316 or 430 corrosion-resistant steel
conforming to Specifications A240/A240M or A176 as applicable, and thickness shall be 20 gage min. (0.0375 in. (1 mm) U.S.
revised standard gage).
7. Design, Construction, and Physical Requirements
7.1 General—Microwave ovens shall conform to the referenced documents listed in Section 2. The oven shall be delivered
assembled with all components necessary to ensure a fully functional product.
7.2 Microwave Energy Source—Microwave energy shall be generated using one or more magnetron tubes or any other suitable
generating source of microwave energy. Microwave energy shall be interrupted and the generating source shall be rendered
inoperative (either turned off or switched to a standby mode) when the oven door is open or not securely latched in the closed
position.
7.2.1 Warning Label—A warning marking shall be affixed to the outer case assembly or adjacent to each service access cover and
adjacent to one of the fasteners that secures the outer case assembly to the oven chassis. A high voltage warning label shall also
be placed near the high voltage components inside the outer case. The label shall include but
...
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