ASTM D3557-12
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Cadmium in Water
Standard Test Methods for Cadmium in Water
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The test for cadmium is necessary because it is a toxicant and because there is a limit specified for cadmium in potable water in the National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations. This test serves to determine whether the cadmium content of potable water is above or below the acceptable limit.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of dissolved and total recoverable cadmium in water and wastewater by atomic-absorption spectrophotometry and differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry.2 Four test methods are included as follows:
Concentration
Range
Sections
Test Method A—Atomic Absorption,
Direct
0.05 to 2.0 mg/L
7 to 15
Test Method B—Atomic Absorption,
Chelation-Extraction
5 to 200 μg/L
16 to 24
Test Method C—Differential Pulse
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry
1 to 100 μg/L
25 to 34
Test Method D—Atomic Absorption,
Graphite Furnace
2 to 10 μg/L
35 to 43
1.2 Test Method B can be used to determine cadmium in brines. It is the user's responsibility to ensure the validity of these test methods for waters of untested matrices.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are mathematical conversions and may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D3557 − 12
Standard Test Methods for
1
Cadmium in Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3557; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D1068Test Methods for Iron in Water
D1129Terminology Relating to Water
1.1 Thesetestmethodscoverthedeterminationofdissolved
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
and total recoverable cadmium in water and wastewater by
D1687Test Methods for Chromium in Water
atomic-absorption spectrophotometry and differential pulse
2 D1688Test Methods for Copper in Water
anodic stripping voltammetry. Four test methods are included
D1691Test Methods for Zinc in Water
as follows:
D1886Test Methods for Nickel in Water
Concentration
Sections
D2777Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
Range
Test Method A—Atomic Absorption, 0.05 to 2.0 7to15 Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
Direct mg/L
D3370Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
Test Method B—Atomic Absorption, 5to200 µg/L 16to24
D3558Test Methods for Cobalt in Water
Chelation-Extraction
Test Method C—Differential Pulse 1to100 µg/L 25to34 D3559Test Methods for Lead in Water
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry
D3919Practice for Measuring Trace Elements in Water by
Test Method D—Atomic Absorption, 2to10µg/L 35to43
Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
Graphite Furnace
D4841Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water
1.2 Test Method B can be used to determine cadmium in
Samples Containing Organic and Inorganic Constituents
brines. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure the validity of
D5810Guide for Spiking into Aqueous Samples
these test methods for waters of untested matrices.
D5847Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
3. Terminology
each system are mathematical conversions and may not be
exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used inde-
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in these test
pendently of the other.
methods, refer to Terminology D1129.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.1 spikingsolution,n—thestandardsolutionaddedtothe
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
polarographic cell that is used to quantitate the sample.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.2 stripping peak potential, n—the applied potential ver-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
sus SCE at which the stripping peak current is a maximum.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2.3 SCE, n—saturated calomel electrode.
3
2.1 ASTM Standards: 3.2.4 stripping peak signal, n—the current measured at the
D858Test Methods for Manganese in Water
stripping peak maximum for a metal.
D1066Practice for Sampling Steam
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The test for cadmium is necessary because it is a
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on
toxicant and because there is a limit specified for cadmium in
Water and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic
Constituents in Water. potable water in the National Interim Primary Drinking Water
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2012. Published September 2012. Originally
Regulations. This test serves to determine whether the cad-
ɛ1
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D3557–02 (2007) .
mium content of potable water is above or below the accept-
DOI: 10.1520/D3557-12.
2 able limit.
Platte,J.A.,andMarcy,V.M.,“ANewToolfortheWaterChemist,”Industrial
Water Engineering, May 1965.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 5. Purity of Reagents
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.1 Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Unlessotherwiseindicated,itisintendedthatallreagentsshall
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3557 − 12
conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical (Test Methods D1688), iron (Test Methods D1068), lead (Test
4
Reagents of the American Chemical Society. Other grades Methods D3559),
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D3557 − 02 (Reapproved 2007) D3557 − 12
Standard Test Methods for
1
Cadmium in Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3557; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Editorial changes were made throughout in September 2007.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of dissolved and total recoverable cadmium in water and wastewater by
2
atomic-absorption spectrophotometry and differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. Four test methods are included as
follows:
Concentration
Sections
Range
Test Method A—Atomic Absorption, 0.05 to 2.0 7 to 15
Direct mg/L
Test Method B—Atomic Absorption, 5 to 200 μg/L 16 to 24
Chelation-Extraction
Test Method C—Differential Pulse 1 to 100 μg/L 25 to 34
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry
Test Method D—Atomic Absorption, 2 to 10 μg/L 35 to 43
Graphite Furnace
1.2 Test Method B can be used to determine cadmium in brines. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure the validity of these test
methods for waters of untested matrices.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system are mathematical conversions and may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the
other.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D858 Test Methods for Manganese in Water
D1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
D1068 Test Methods for Iron in Water
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
4
D1192 Guide for Equipment for Sampling Water and Steam in Closed Conduits (Withdrawn 2003)
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1687 Test Methods for Chromium in Water
D1688 Test Methods for Copper in Water
D1691 Test Methods for Zinc in Water
D1886 Test Methods for Nickel in Water
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituents
in Water.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2007Sept. 1, 2012. Published September 2007 September 2012. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 20022007
as D3557 – 02.D3557 – 02(2007)E01. DOI: 10.1520/D3557-02R07E01.10.1520/D3557-12.
2
Platte, J. A., and Marcy, V. M., “A New Tool for the Water Chemist,” Industrial Water Engineering, May 1965.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3557 − 12
D3558 Test Methods for Cobalt in Water
D3559 Test Methods for Lead in Water
D3919 Practice for Measuring Trace Elements in Water by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
D4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water Samples Containing Organic and Inorganic Constituents
D5810 Guide for Spiking into Aqueous Samples
D5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions: For definitions of terms used in these test methods, refer to Terminology D1129.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 spiking solution—solution, n—the standard solution added to the polarographic cell that is used to quantitate the sample.
3.2.2 stripping peak potential—potential, n—the applied potential versus SCE at which the stripping peak current is a
maximum.
3.2.3 SCE—SCE, n—saturated calomel electrode.
3.2.4 stripping peak signal—signal, n—the current measured at the stripping peak maximum for a metal.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The te
...
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