ASTM D3895-19

Standard Test Method for Oxidative-Induction Time of Polyolefins by Differential Scanning Calorimetry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The OIT is a qualitative assessment of the level (or degree) of stabilization of the material tested. This test has the potential to be used as a quality control measure to monitor the stabilization level in formulated resin as received from a supplier, prior to extrusion.  
Note 2: The OIT measurement is an accelerated thermal-aging test and as such can be misleading. Caution should be exercised in data interpretation since oxidation reaction kinetics are a function of temperature and the inherent properties of the additives contained in the sample. For example, OIT results are often used to select optimum resin formulations. Volatile antioxidants may generate poor OIT results even though they may perform adequately at the intended use temperature of the finished product.
Note 3: There is no accepted sampling procedure, nor have any definitive relationships been established for comparing OIT values on field samples to those on unused products, hence the use of such values for determining life expectancy is uncertain and subjective.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method outlines a procedure for the determination of oxidative-induction time (OIT) of polymeric materials by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It is applicable to polyolefin resins that are in a fully stabilized/compounded form.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards information is given in Section 8.
Note 1: This standard and ISO 11357–6 2013 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2019
• ICS: 83.080.20 - Thermoplastic materials
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.30 - Thermal Properties

Relations

• Refers: ASTM E2935-14 - Standard Practice for Conducting Equivalence Testing in Laboratory Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2014
• Refers: ASTM E2935-15 - Standard Practice for Conducting Equivalence Testing in Laboratory Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2015
• Refers: ASTM E2935-16 - Standard Practice for Conducting Equivalence Testing in Laboratory Applications
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2016
• Refers: ASTM E473-14 - Standard Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rheology
• Effective Date: 15-Aug-2014
• Refers: ASTM E2935-17 - Standard Practice for Conducting Equivalence Testing in Laboratory Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3895 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Oxidative-Induction Time of Polyolefins by Differential
1
Scanning Calorimetry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3895; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* tial Scanning Calorimeters and Differential Thermal Ana-
lyzers
1.1 This test method outlines a procedure for the determi-
E2935 Practice for Evaluating Equivalence of Two Testing
nation of oxidative-induction time (OIT) of polymeric materi-
Processes
als by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It is applicable
to polyolefin resins that are in a fully stabilized/compounded
3. Terminology
form.
3.1 Definitions—Definitions of terms applying to thermal
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
analysis appear in Terminology E473.
standard.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.1 oxidative induction time—a relative measure of a
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
material’s resistance to oxidative decomposition; it is deter-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
mined by the thermoanalytical measurement of the time
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
interval to onset of exothermic oxidation of a material at a
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
specified temperature in an oxygen atmosphere.
Specific hazards information is given in Section 8.
3.2.2 Abbreviations:
NOTE 1—This standard and ISO 11357–6 2013 address the same subject
3.2.3 HDPE—high-density polyethylene.
matter, but differ in technical content.
3.2.4 LDPE—low-density polyethylene.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2.5 LLDPE—linear low-density polyethylene.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.2.6 OIT—oxidative induction time.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4. Summary of Test Method
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1 The sample to be tested and the reference material are
heated at a constant rate in an inert gaseous environment
2. Referenced Documents
(nitrogen). When the specified temperature has been reached,
2
the atmosphere is changed to oxygen maintained at the same
2.1 ASTM Standards:
flow rate. The specimen is then held at constant temperature
D4703 Practice for Compression Molding Thermoplastic
until the oxidative reaction is displayed on the thermal curve.
Materials into Test Specimens, Plaques, or Sheets
The OIT is determined from the data recorded during the
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rhe-
isothermal period. The time interval from when the oxygen
ology
flow is first initiated to the oxidative reaction is referred to as
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
the induction period.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
4.1.1 The end of the induction period is signaled by an
E967 Test Method for Temperature Calibration of Differen-
abrupt increase in the specimen’s evolved heat or temperature
and will be recorded as an exothermic event by a differential
1
scanning calorimeter (DSC).
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Properties.
4.2 The type of containment system used depends on the
Current edition approved May 1, 2019. Published June 2019. Originally
intended application use of the material being tested. Polyole-
approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D3895 – 14. DOI:
10.1520/D3895-19.
fins used in the wire and cable industry typically require copper
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
or aluminum pans, whereas polyolefins used in geomembrane
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
and vapor-barrier film applications exclusively use aluminum
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. pans.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3895 − 19
conditioning (degreasing) are
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3895 − 14 D3895 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Oxidative-Induction Time of Polyolefins by Differential
1
Scanning Calorimetry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3895; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method outlines a procedure for the determination of oxidative-induction time (OIT) of polymeric materials by
differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It is applicable to polyolefin resins that are in a fully stabilized/compounded form.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific hazards information is given in Section 8.
NOTE 1—This standard and ISO 11357–6 2013 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4703 Practice for Compression Molding Thermoplastic Materials into Test Specimens, Plaques, or Sheets
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rheology
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E967 Test Method for Temperature Calibration of Differential Scanning Calorimeters and Differential Thermal Analyzers
E2935 Practice for Conducting Equivalence Testing in Laboratory Applications
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions of terms applying to thermal analysis appear in Terminology E473.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 oxidative induction time—a relative measure of a material’s resistance to oxidative decomposition; it is determined by the
thermoanalytical measurement of the time interval to onset of exothermic oxidation of a material at a specified temperature in an
oxygen atmosphere.
3.2.2 Abbreviations:
3.2.3 HDPE—high-density polyethylene.
3.2.4 LDPE—low-density polyethylene.
3.2.5 LLDPE—linear low-density polyethylene.
3.2.6 OIT—oxidative induction time.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The sample to be tested and the reference material are heated at a constant rate in an inert gaseous environment (nitrogen).
When the specified temperature has been reached, the atmosphere is changed to oxygen maintained at the same flow rate. The
specimen is then held at constant temperature until the oxidative reaction is displayed on the thermal curve. The OIT is determined
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Properties.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014May 1, 2019. Published January 2015June 2019. Originally approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 20072014 as
D3895 – 07.D3895 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/D3895-14.10.1520/D3895-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3895 − 19
from the data recorded during the isothermal period. The time interval from when the oxygen flow is first initiated to the oxidative
reaction is referred to as the induction period.
4.1.1 The end of the induction period is signaled by an abrupt increase in the specimen’s evolved heat or temperature and will
be recorded as an exothermic event by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC).
4.2 The type of containment system used depends on the intended application use of the material being tested. Polyolefins used
in the wire and cable industry typically require
...