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ASTM C866-77(1997)e1

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Filtration Rate of Ceramic Whiteware Clays

Standard Test Method for Filtration Rate of Ceramic Whiteware Clays

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the rate at which a layer of clay-water paste is formed from a clay-water slip under pressure filtration. The filtration rate is directly related to such whiteware operations as filter pressing, slip casting, and drying of ware in which water permeability through a clay-water paste is the controlling mechanism.
1.2 A straight-line relationship exists between the time of filter pressing and the square of the thickness of the paste layer. The filtration rate is directly related to the filter press pressure and the void fraction of the paste layer, and is inversely related to the square of the clay surface area, the ratio of solids to liquid in the slip, and the viscosity of water at the testing temperature.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-1996
ICS
81.060.10 - Raw materials
Technical Committee
C21 - Ceramic Whitewares and Related Products
Drafting Committee
C21.04 - Raw Materials
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM C866-77(2006) - Standard Test Method for Filtration Rate of Ceramic Whiteware Clays
Effective Date
15-Feb-2006

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ASTM C866-77(1997)e1 - Standard Test Method for Filtration Rate of Ceramic Whiteware ClaysASTM C866-77(1997)e1 - Standard Test Method for Filtration Rate of Ceramic Whiteware Clays
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ASTM C866-77(1997)e1 - Standard Test Method for Filtration Rate of Ceramic Whiteware Clays
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
e1
Designation:C866–77 (Reapproved 1997)
Standard Test Method for
Filtration Rate of Ceramic Whiteware Clays
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 866; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Section 7 was added editorially in October 1997.
1. Scope 4. Procedure
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the rate at 4.1 Weigh 100 g of clay, dried in accordance with Test
which a layer of clay-water paste is formed from a clay-water Method C 324, to the nearest 0.1 g and mix with 300 mL of
slip under pressure filtration. The filtration rate is directly water measured to the nearest 1.0 mL for 10 min in a blender.
related to such whiteware operations as filter pressing, slip 4.2 Store the slip in a closed container for at least 24 h to
casting, and drying of ware in which water permeability allow the clay and water to reach equilibrium conditions.
through a clay-water paste is the controlling mechanism. 4.3 Remix the clay-water slurry for 5 min in the blender.
1.2 A straight-line relationship exists between the time of 4.4 Pour the clay-water slurry into the filter press and apply
filter pressing and the square of the thickness of the paste layer. 345 kPa (50 psi) air pressure for 30 min.
The filtration rate is directly related to the filter press pressure 4.5 Relieve the pressure from the filter press and then pour
and the void fraction of the paste layer, and is inversely related the clay-water slurry from the top of the filter cake that has
to the square of the clay surface area, the ratio of solids to formed. A sharp movement of the wrist is required to remove
liquid in the slip, and the viscosity of water at the testing all of the remaining slip from the filter press.
temperature. 4.6 Record the temperature of the filtrate.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the 4.7 Reapply air pressure to the filter press for 10 min to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the force some of the water from the cake that has formed.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
NOTE 1—Some clays have a fast filtration rate and the air may pass
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
through the cake in less than 10 min. In this case, the air pressure should
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
be relieved as soon as the sound of air emitting from the press is detected.
4.8 Remove the filter cake from the press and measure the
2. Referenced Documents
thickness to the nearest 0.1 mm with the vernier calipers.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.9 Place the cake in a drying oven at 100 to 110°C for a
C 324 Test Method for Free Moisture in Ceramic Whitew-
period of 24 h. Weigh the dried filter cake to the nearest 0.01
are Clays
g.
3. Apparatus
5. Calculations
3.1 Balance, 0.001-g sensitivity
...

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