ASTM C447-15

Standard Practice for Estimating the Maximum Use Temperature of Thermal Insulations

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is intended for use as a guide in evaluating the behavior of insulations at elevated temperatures, and in judging suitability for use under the conditions of an intended application. It is not intended for acceptance or certification testing on a lot basis.  
5.2 No single test for estimating maximum use temperature can be used that will apply to all types of insulations, nor can any single maximum use temperature be applied to any insulation that will be applicable under all possible conditions of use. Maximum use temperature depends on thickness, temperature gradient, heating rate, and other factors. When the various test methods listed herein are employed, the test results serve as guides and, as such, shall be applied with good engineering judgment in arriving at an acceptable temperature limit for the products and applications being considered.  
5.3 The criteria used to establish acceptable performance is provided in the material specification or as agreed upon by the purchaser and seller.  
5.4 In most cases, the properties covered by the applicable material standards (for example, thermal transmission, strength, and so forth) are the properties important to the end use of the product. Major changes in those properties resulting from in-service conditions often causes failure or substandard performance of the installed system.  
5.5 Unless removal and reuse of the insulation is an important consideration, properties that relate primarily to handling and installation shall be eliminated from the evaluation.
Note 1: Installation assemblies: some systems create conditions that affect the performance from the data obtained in the test procedures of this practice.  
5.6 The listing of a test procedure in this practice does not imply that the performance of that particular procedure is required. Only those tests which are relevant to the requirements of the application involved, or which are agreed upon by the purchaser and the seller are p...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers estimation of the maximum use temperature of thermal insulation including loose fill, blanket, block, board, and preformed pipe insulation. It is based upon selected performance criteria, and characterization of product properties during and after use conditions.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2015
• ICS: 91.100.60 - Thermal and sound insulating materials
• Technical Committee: C16 - Thermal Insulation
• Drafting Committee: C16.31 - Chemical and Physical Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C447 − 15
Standard Practice for
Estimating the Maximum Use Temperature of Thermal
1
Insulations
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C447; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C335/C335M Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer
Properties of Pipe Insulation
1.1 This practice covers estimation of the maximum use
C411 Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-
temperature of thermal insulation including loose fill, blanket,
Temperature Thermal Insulation
block, board, and preformed pipe insulation. It is based upon
C421 Test Method for Tumbling Friability of Preformed
selected performance criteria, and characterization of product
Block-Type and Preformed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal
properties during and after use conditions.
Insulation
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
C518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
D1621 Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid
and are not considered standard.
Cellular Plastics
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the D1622/D1622M Test Method forApparent Density of Rigid
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Cellular Plastics
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3. Terminology
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1 Definitions contained in Terminology C168 shall be
used in this practice.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4. Summary of Practice
C165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of
4.1 Dimensions, weight and other pertinent properties of the
Thermal Insulations
insulation are measured before, during, and after exposure to a
C167 Test Methods for Thickness and Density of Blanket or
hot surface.
Batt Thermal Insulations
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
4.2 Propertiesduringandafterexposure,and,insomecases,
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure- the degree of change in properties are reported for use in
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
establishing the maximum service temperature of the insula-
the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus tion.
C203 Test Methods for Breaking Load and Flexural Proper-
ties of Block-Type Thermal Insulation
5. Significance and Use
C302 Test Method for Density and Dimensions of Pre-
5.1 This practice is intended for use as a guide in evaluating
formed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal Insulation
the behavior of insulations at elevated temperatures, and in
C303 Test Method for Dimensions and Density of Pre-
judging suitability for use under the conditions of an intended
formed Block and Board–Type Thermal Insulation
application. It is not intended for acceptance or certification
testing on a lot basis.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal
5.2 No single test for estimating maximum use temperature
Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.31 on Chemical and
can be used that will apply to all types of insulations, nor can
Physical Properties.
any single maximum use temperature be applied to any
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2015. Published October 2015. Originally
insulation that will be applicable under all possible conditions
approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C447 – 03R10. DOI:
10.1520/C0447-03R10.
of use. Maximum use temperature depends on thickness,
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
temperature gradient, heating rate, and other factors. When the
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
various test methods listed herein are employed, the test results
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. serve as guides and, as such, shall be applied with good
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C447 − 15
engineering judgment in arriving at an acceptable temperature recommended practice to establish a minimum time period for
limit for the products and applications being considered. evaluation of long-term changes.
5.3 The criteria used to establish acceptable performance is
6. Test Conditions
provided in the material specification or as agree
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C447 − 03 (Reapproved 2010) C447 − 15
Standard Practice for
Estimating the Maximum Use Temperature of Thermal
1
Insulations
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C447; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers estimation of the maximum use temperature of thermal insulation including loose fill, blanket, block,
board, and preformed pipe insulation. It is based upon selected performance criteria, and characterization of product properties
during and after use conditions.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of Thermal Insulations
C167 Test Methods for Thickness and Density of Blanket or Batt Thermal Insulations
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the
Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
C203 Test Methods for Breaking Load and Flexural Properties of Block-Type Thermal Insulation
C302 Test Method for Density and Dimensions of Preformed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal Insulation
C303 Test Method for Dimensions and Density of Preformed Block and Board–Type Thermal Insulation
C335C335/C335M Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Properties of Pipe Insulation
C411 Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal Insulation
C421 Test Method for Tumbling Friability of Preformed Block-Type and Preformed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal Insulation
3
C446 Test Method for Breaking Load and Calculated Modulus of Rupture of Preformed Insulation for Pipes (Withdrawn 2002)
C518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
D1621 Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Cellular Plastics
D1622D1622/D1622M Test Method for Apparent Density of Rigid Cellular Plastics
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions contained in Terminology C168 shall apply to the termsbe used in this practice.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 Dimensions, weight and other pertinent properties of the insulation are measured before, during, and after exposure to a hot
surface.
4.2 Properties during and after exposure, and, in some cases, the degree of change in properties are reported for use in
establishing the maximum service temperature of the insulation material.insulation.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.31 on Chemical and Physical
Properties.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2010Sept. 1, 2015. Published January 2011October 2015. Originally approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 20032010 as
C447 – 03.C447 – 03R10. DOI: 10.1520/C0447-03R10.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C447 − 15
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This practice is intended for use as a guide in evaluating the behavior of insulations at elevated temperatures, and in judging
suitability for use under the conditions of an intended application. It is not intended for acceptance or certification testing on a lot
basis.
5.2 No single test for estimating maximum use temperature can be used that will apply to all types of insulations, nor can any
single maximum use temperature be applied to any insulation that will be applicable under all possible conditions of use. Maximum
use temperature may depend depends on thickness, temperatur
...