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ASTM D4112-95a(2001)

(Specification)

Standard Performance Specification for Woven Umbrella Fabrics

Standard Performance Specification for Woven Umbrella Fabrics

SCOPE
1.1 This performance specification covers woven fabrics comprised of any textile fiber or mixture of fibers to be used in umbrellas.  
1.2 These requirements apply to both the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Apr-2002
ICS
61.040 - Headgear. Clothing accessories. Fastening of clothing
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.63 - Home Furnishings
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4112-95a - Standard Performance Specification for Woven Umbrella Fabrics
Effective Date
10-Apr-2002
Replaced By
ASTM D4112-02 - Standard Performance Specification for Woven Umbrella Fabrics
Effective Date
10-Apr-2002

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ASTM D4112-95a(2001) - Standard Performance Specification for Woven Umbrella FabricsASTM D4112-95a(2001) - Standard Performance Specification for Woven Umbrella Fabrics
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ASTM D4112-95a(2001) - Standard Performance Specification for Woven Umbrella Fabrics
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 4112 – 95a (Reapproved 2001)
Standard Performance Specification for
Woven Umbrella Fabrics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4112; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 35 Water Resistance: Rain Test
109 Colorfastness to Ozone in the Atmosphere Under Low
1.1 This performance specification covers woven fabrics
Humidities
comprised of any textile fiber or mixture of fibers to be used in
116 Colorfastness to Crocking: Rotary Vertical Crockmeter
umbrellas.
Method
1.2 These requirements apply to both the length and width
129 Colorfastness to Ozone in the Atmosphere Under High
directions for those properties where fabric direction is perti-
Humidities
nent.
Evaluation Procedure No. 1 Gray Scale for Color Change
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Evaluation Procedure No. 2 Gray Scale for Staining
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Evaluation Procedure No. 3 AATCC Chromatic Transfer-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ence Scale
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
2.3 Federal Standard:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
16 CFR, Chapter II–Consumer Product Safety Commission
2. Referenced Documents
Subchapter D–Flammable Fabrics Act Regulations
2.4 Military Standard:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
MIL-STD-105D Sampling Procedures and Tables for In-
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
spection by Attributes
D 434 Test Method for Resistance to Slippage of Yarns in
Woven Fabrics Using a Standard Seam
NOTE 1—Reference to test methods in this specification give only the
D 1284 Test Methods for Relaxation and Consolidation
permanent part of the designation of ASTM, AATCC, or other test
Dimensional Changes of Stabilized Knit Wool Fabrics methods. The current editions of each test method cited shall prevail.
D 1336 Test Method for Distortion of Yarn in Woven
2 3. Terminology
Fabrics
3.1 Definitions:
D 1424 Test Method for Tear Resistance of Woven Fabrics
3.1.1 For definitions of textile terms used in this specifica-
by Falling-Pendulum (Elmendorf) Apparatus
tion refer to the individual ASTM and AATCC methods and to
D 2261 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Woven Fabrics
Terminology D 123.
by the Tongue (Single Rip) Method (Constant-Rate-of-
3.2 Definitions found in a dictionary of common terms are
Extension Tensile Testing Machine)
suitable for this specification.
D 2262 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Woven Fabrics
by the Tongue (Single Rip) Method (Constant-Rate-of-
4. Specification Requirements
Traverse Tensile Testing Machine)
4.1 The properties of woven fabrics for umbrellas shall
D 5034 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation of
conform to the specification requirements in Table 1.
Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
2.2 AATCC Test Methods:
5. Significance and Use
8 Colorfastness to Crocking: AATCC Crockmeter Method
5.1 Upon agreement between the purchaser and the supplier,
16 Colorfastness to Light
fabrics intended for this end use should meet all of the
22 Water Repellency: Spray Test
requirements listed in Table 1 of this specification.
23 Colorfastness to Burnt Gas Fumes
5.2 It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics
the ultimate consumer of articles made from these fabrics may
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on
find acceptable fabrics that do not conform to all of the
Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.63 on Home
requirements in Table 1. Therefore, one or more of the
Furnishings.
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 1995. Published May 1996. Originally
published as D 4112 – 82. Last previous edition D 4112 – 95.
2 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01. Available from Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.02. Washington, DC 20402.
4 6
Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O. Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700
Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D4112
TABLE 1 Specification Requirements
7. Test Methods (see Note 1)
NOTE 1—Class for color change and color transfer is based on a
7.1 Breaking Force—Determine the dry breaking force as
numerical scale of 5 for negligible or no color change or color transfer to
directed in Test Method D 5034, using a constant rate of
1 for severe color change or color transfer.
traverse (CRT) tensile testing machine with the speed of the
Characteristic Requirements Section
pulling clamp at 300 6 10 mm (12 6 0.5 in.)/min.
Breaking strength (load) (CRT): 7.1
NOTE 2—If preferred, the use of a constant-rate-of-extension (CRE)
Dry 154 N (35 lbf), min
testing machine is permitted. The crosshead speed should be as agreed
Wet 89 N (20 lbf), min
Yarn slippage 6-mm ( ⁄4-in.) separa- 7.2
upon between the purchaser and the supplier. There may be no overall
tion at
correlation between the results obtained with the CRT machine and the
67 N (15 lbf), min
CRE machine. Consequently, these two breaking-load testers cannot be
Yarn distortion: 7.3
used interchangeably. In case of controversy, the CRT machine shall
Satins 2.5 mm (0.10
...

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5.1 Upon mutual agreement between the purchaser and the seller, fabrics intended for this end use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1 of this specification.  
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ASTM D2060-14(2022)(Test Method)
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4.1 The significance of specific tests is discussed in the appropriate sections.  
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Tape Width  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the degree of color that may be transferred from the textile tape of zippers of all fibers to other surfaces by rubbing under wet or dry conditions, or both.  
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Standard Test Method for Colorfastness of Zippers to Drycleaning

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5.1 Test Method D2052 is useful for testing to determine if the degree of alteration in shade is satisfactory for the intended end-use and for determining if unacceptable staining of color into adjacent fabric will occur.
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Standard Test Method for Durability of Finish of Zippers to Drycleaning

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5.1 Test Method D2058 is useful for determining the effect of repeated drycleaning on the appearance of the decorative coating of a zipper.  
5.2 This test method is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments because the method has been used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing.  
5.2.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, the test samples should be used that are as homogeneous as possible, that are drawn from the material from which the disparate test results were obtained, and that are randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. Other materials with established test values may be used for this purpose. The test results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.  
5.3 The method(s) in the standard along with those in Test Methods D2051, D2052, D2053, D2054, D2057, D2059, D2060, D2061, and D2062 are a collection of proven test methods. They can be used as aids in the evaluation of zippers without the need for a thorough knowledge of zippers. The enumerated test methods do not provide for the evaluation of all zipper properties. Besides those properties measured by means of the enumerated test methods there are other properties that may be important for the satisfactory performance of a zipper. Test methods for measuring those properties have not been published either because no practical methods have yet been developed or because a valid evaluation of the information resulting from existing unpublished methods requires an intimate and thoroug...
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